The Relationship between healthcare reimbursement and Economics

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The Relationship between healthcare reimbursement and Economics

Health care reimbursement and economics

Every day is a challenge for medical facilities to survive in the American health care climate, particularly with regards to financial. In fact, it is becoming increasingly difficult to find money to fund improvements such as quality care initiatives while being competitive and staying afloat. The top four of these challenges have been identified and discussed. The first challenge is meeting compliance and regulatory requirements that include outcomes from procedures to patient privacy.

Failing to meet these requirements could have serious consequences so it is vital for the facility to invest funds in meeting the requirements The Relationship between healthcare reimbursement and Economics. The second challenge is how to adapt to the market forces that include competition, difficulty in recruiting and retaining top talent, and patients being heard as consumers. These act as financial pressures that increase expenses and cut into the profit margins. The third challenge is access to technological transformations and digital innovations with medical facilities finding it difficult to maximize their benefits due to outdate structures and cost constraints. There is increased pressure to use technology to improve patient outcomes, and yet implementing technology changes costs money (Mason et al., 2015). The fourth challenge is how to manage financial investments in a capital constrained environment. Between the growing demands of patients, expanding health care access, and frequently changing laws, medical facilities are forced to access more financial resources. This concern along with the pressure to boost outcomes in the face of cost cutting measures places restrictions on how much a medical facility can spend to improve care delivery (Northouse, 2016). There are four strategies that can be applied to respond to the four challenge. The first strategy is sharing resources with other medical facilities through cooperation agreements. The second strategy is bundling services to save total ownership costs, such as purchasing unified systems from the same vendor to include service, software and maintenance costs. The third strategy is to use alternative payment methods such as rentals and leases. The final strategy is to find alternative funding sources to improve capital (Curran, 2016) The Relationship between healthcare reimbursement and Economics.

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References

Curran, C. (2016). Nurse on board: planning your path to the boardroom. Indianapolis, IN: Sigma Theta Tau International.

Mason, D., Gardner, D., Outlaw, F. & O’Grady, E. (2015). Policy & politics in nursing and health care (7th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier.

Northouse, P. (2016). Leadership: theory and practice (7th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications The Relationship between healthcare reimbursement and Economics.

Health Care Delivery Systems and HIV and AIDS Fight

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Health Care Delivery Systems and HIV and AIDS Fight

Give a Positive Response to the following on Health Care Delivery Systems and HIV and AIDS Fight;

One significant global issue is HIV and AIDS that has affected 33.3 million adults and children who are living and infected with this disease worldwide. (Maurer & Smith, 2013).  Unfortunately, many people do not wish to know the results of testing or share their HIV status with at-risk partners skewing the true numbers.  According to Maurer & Smith (2013), the United States has 1.7 million people alone living with this disease and over 617,000 who have died of AIDS with it being the third leading cause of death in African-Americans aged 25-45. Health Care Delivery Systems and HIV and AIDS Fight

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However, there has been some decline due to prevention efforts and the large-scale use of antiretroviral therapies helping to give those with HIV more productive lives. But, as the number of people living with HIV increases, the need to push for national HIV prevention and health care programs is essential along with improving access to quality healthcare.

Health care delivery systems can work together to help fight HIV and AIDS by sharing information, resources, and funding to help make a difference and end health disparities.  A great example is the World Health Organization (WHO).  They provide health care services and technical support to mostly poor countries and works like the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention does for the United States.  The WHO guides and organizes international health projects, collaborates with other organizations and agencies in healthcare programs, and watches the conditions worldwide on disease conditions while providing reports. (Maurer & Smith, 2013).  Improving global health together can be achieved more effectively working as one versus in silos.

Maurer, F.A. & Smith, C.M.  (2013). Community/public health nursing practice (5th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders.

PHN-652 Benchmark – Health Promotion and Disease Prevention

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Benchmark – Health Promotion and Disease Prevention

 PHN-652 Benchmark – Health Promotion and Disease Prevention

The purpose of this assignment is to discuss the importance of evidence-based interventions to the design of health promotion and disease prevention. In a 1,250-1,500 word paper, provide detailed descriptions of disease prevention and health promotion, as well as the role of evidence-based interventions in the success of this practice.

Refer to the assigned reading, “Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Through Population-Based Interventions, Including Action to Address Social Determinants and Health Inequity,” to assist in completing the PHN-652 Benchmark – Health Promotion and Disease Prevention assignment.

Include the following:

  1. A description of disease prevention.
  2. An example of an existing disease prevention model at the three levels of practice (community, systems, and individual).
  3. An analysis of the benefits and concerns with utilizing this model.
  4. A description of health promotion. PHN-652 Benchmark – Health Promotion and Disease Prevention.
  5. An example of an existing health promotion model at the three levels of practice (community, systems, and individual).
  6. An analysis of the benefits and concerns with utilizing this model.
  7. A discussion of the role evidence-based practice plays in the success of disease prevention and health promotion.
  8. A discussion of the role of health teaching in disease prevention and health promotion.

Cite two or three additional resources in your PHN-652 Benchmark – Health Promotion and Disease Prevention paper.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Refer to the LopesWrite Technical Support articles for assistance.

Benchmark Information

This benchmark assesses the following programmatic competency:

MSN Public Health Nursing

6.1 Evaluate theoretical frameworks in public health nursing useful for assessing the health status of populations and promoting health and preventing disease for individuals, communities, and populations. PHN-652 Benchmark – Health Promotion and Disease Prevention

Topic 1 DQ 1

  

Discuss the sources of evidence for public health nurses. How can this evidence be applied to support evidence-based practice? Cite at least two sources of evidence in your response.

Topic 1 DQ 1

Adopting evidence-based approaches serves as a backbone for public health system to effectively use resources to improve the health of the population PHN-652 Benchmark – Health Promotion and Disease Prevention. In which the population health approach focuses on lowering disease risk for the entire population and reducing inequities that affect disease patterns which can be effective, less costly and a means to change disease patterns towards providing personal health care (Lovelace et.al., 2015). Because making decisions using the best available scientific evidence, systematic data and information systems, applying program-planning frameworks that often have a foundation in behavioral science theory, engaging the community in assessment and decision making, conducting sound evaluation, and on the road to disseminating what is learned.

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By way of evidence-based practice (EBP) that is demarcated as a practice, in which nurses make clinical decisions using the best available research and data that is reflected in approved policies, procedures, and clinical guidelines in a particular health care agency that is considerably proven through research and has demonstrated the use of evidence in nursing practice which had mostly occurred in acute care inpatient settings. And relative to this is the, Quad Council of Public Health Nursing Organizations, it supports the use of evidence as the basis for nursing interventions. Competencies covers, the domain of researching innovative solutions that includes identifying researchable questions and problems, identifying evidence-based public health interventions, conducting computer searches of the professional literature, guiding computer searches of government websites for innovative evidence-based programs, recognizing government, private foundation, and other sources of research funding, and writing grant proposals to support public health programs. PHN-652 Benchmark – Health Promotion and Disease Prevention. In further, it conducts studies that focuses on the details of how models and processes are used to guide the implementation of evidence into practice. Expansion to the world of evidence awareness in nursing has also coincided with the development of World Wide Web innovations and online searchable health care literature databases such as Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews which have streamline access to evidence (Ervin et.al., 2014). Another way to support translation of evidence to practice, is through Local Health Department (LHD) and partnering with university faculty to assist with the tasks related to EBP will enhance the cooperative ventures that could benefit both service and education. This is an area in which collaboration between education and practice could advance the cause through dissemination of evidence done with literature, presentations, and meetings that could add momentum to efforts. PHN-652 Benchmark – Health Promotion and Disease Prevention.

The current study of the use of EBP in public health nursing is necessary to confirm the extent of actual change in services, practices, and programs based on evidence. Because evidence-based nursing practice holds the promise of improving the quality of care and reducing costs and without information to direct the development and testing of models of evidence use in public health nursing, little progress may be made to reach the goal of basing nursing practice on evidence. The need to support the translation of evidence into practice can be a vehicle of expansion of new knowledge and skills to the public health nursing community promoting quality public health nursing services. PHN-652 Benchmark – Health Promotion and Disease Prevention.

References:

Ervin, N., Bell, S., & Bickes, J. (2014). Evidence-Based Nursing Practice in Public Health. Michigan Journal of Public Health, 7, (3), 1. Retrieved from: https://scholarworks.gvsu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi/article/1061.context/mjph.

Lovelace, K., Aronson, R., Rulison, K, Labban, J., Shah, G., & Smith, M. (2015). Laying the Groundwork for Evidence-Based Public Health. American Journal of Public Health, 105, (2),189–197. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2014.302306. Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4355689. PHN-652 Benchmark – Health Promotion and Disease Prevention

PHN-652 — Population-Based Interventions

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PHN-652 — Population-Based Interventions

Topic 1: Evidence-Based Practice in Public Health

Objectives:

  1. Examine the evolution of evidence-based public health.
  2. Explain the role of evidence-based practice in disease prevention and health promotion.
  3. Determine appropriate sources to inform evidence-based practice.
  4. Discuss the role of teaching in public health nursing practice.

Benchmark – Health Promotion and Disease Prevention

 PHN-652 — Population-Based Interventions

The purpose of this assignment is to discuss the importance of evidence-based interventions to the design of health promotion and disease prevention. In a 1,250-1,500 word paper, provide detailed descriptions of disease prevention and health promotion, as well as the role of evidence-based interventions in the success of this practice.

Refer to the assigned reading, “Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Through Population-Based Interventions, Including Action to Address Social Determinants and Health Inequity,” to assist in completing the PHN-652 — Population-Based Interventions assignment.

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Include the following:

  1. A description of disease prevention.
  2. An example of an existing disease prevention model at the three levels of practice (community, systems, and individual).
  3. An analysis of the benefits and concerns with utilizing this model.
  4. A description of health promotion.
  5. An example of an existing health promotion model at the three levels of practice (community, systems, and individual).
  6. An analysis of the benefits and concerns with utilizing this model PHN-652 — Population-Based Interventions.
  7. A discussion of the role evidence-based practice plays in the success of disease prevention and health promotion.
  8. A discussion of the role of health teaching in disease prevention and health promotion.

Cite two or three additional resources in your paper.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Refer to the LopesWrite Technical Support articles for assistance.

Benchmark Information

This benchmark assesses the following programmatic competency:

MSN Public Health Nursing

6.1 Evaluate theoretical frameworks in public health nursing useful for assessing the health status of populations and promoting health and preventing disease for individuals, communities, and populations. PHN-652 — Population-Based Interventions.

 

Topic 1 DQ 1

  

Discuss the sources of evidence for public health nurses. How can this evidence be applied to support evidence-based practice? Cite at least two sources of evidence in your response.

Re: Topic 1 DQ 1

There are many different sources for public health nurses to utilize from, and the first would be the Center for Disease Control and Prevention website. I personally like this website to pull information regarding current health, social, and any other topic an individual would like knowledge of. For a public health nurse, the information that is placed in this source is vital because it provides a comprehensive look at different healthcare, biological, and social specialties and presents information in a method that is comprehensive and easy to understand. Many studies that are being completed by government or public health programs are found on the CDC. Many healthcare issues that are being tracked by private offices are submitted to the CDC for overall, comprehensive review. This is why I think the CDC websites is a great resource for both public health nurses and any other individual who is seeking to further their knowledge base. PHN-652 — Population-Based Interventions.

The second source of information that public health nurses may utilize are scholarly databases such as the one that is provided by Grand Canyon University. Scholarly databases allow for public health nurses to specify studies down to whether or not they are peer reviewed, scholarly based, time frame, etc. Any other database source such as EBSCOhost would also provide information that has been deemed to be peer reviewed or scholarly.

It is so important that public health nurses use reviewed, credible sources for their studies because it oftentimes serves as a foundation for any other research that follows. It can unintentionally skew results in one way or another when foundational information is later to found to not be as credible or true as it was previously deemed.

Topic 1 DQ 2

  

How has evidence-based practice evolved? What are the advantages and disadvantages of this evolution for public health nurses as well as communities?

Topic 1 DQ 2

The provision of quality care aims at ensuring that safety is a priority in nursing care. However, this is a matter that has often been overlooked in nursing school, a notion that has seen nurses lack adequate preparation on how to offer safe care to patients. The resulting improvement to shape the nursing curriculum was the introduction of evidence-based practice (EBP) to make sure that nurses are proficient in both the clinical experience and patient-oriented care by meeting the laid provision for the best care in line with emerging clinical researches PHN-652 — Population-Based Interventions. Since the beginning of EBP, it has since shaped the nursing profession, it has promoted skills, competence, and equipped nurses with the relevant knowledge required to provide quality and safe care by nurses (LoBiondo-Wood & Haber, 2017)

As stated above, EBP had several advantages including equipping the health care nurses with skills and knowledge which has played an important role in their profession and interaction with the community. It has given nurses a platform in which they can make reverence and address a range of challenges as a result of promoting competence. The evolution of EBP has, however, come along with a lot of challenges. At times, it is very difficult to find valid and credible evidence. This consumes a lot of time and sometimes the public health officers are misguided by some sources, hence ending up doing what is contrary to the expectations of the community ( LoBiondo-Wood & Haber, 2017). EBP has also lead to oversight of common sense. EBP has made some public health workers lazy, that they rely so much on evidence from other sources rather than using their minds to reason and execute the mandate.

References

LoBiondo-Wood, G., &Haber, J. (2017). Nursing research-E-book: method and critical appraisal for evidence-based practice. Elsevier Health Sciences.

 

Topic 2: Models and Tools Used in Public Health

 

Objectives:

  1. Describe the importance of public health models in providing quality health care.
  2. Differentiate between public health models for a public health program.
  3. Analyze existing models of public health.

 

 

Intervention Wheel Analysis

  

The intervention wheel is a commonly used model used in public health. The purpose of this assignment is to analyze the intervention wheel and contrast it with another model used in public health. Write a 1,250-1,500 word paper, including the following:

  1. A description of the strengths and weaknesses of the intervention wheel.
  2. An example of when the intervention wheel has been used in public health.
  3. A brief description of another model used in public health.
  4. A description of how the two models are similar.
  5. A description of how the two models are different.

Cite two or three resources in your paper.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Refer to the LopesWrite Technical Support articles for assistance.

Topic 2 DQ 1

  

Why are public health models important in providing quality health care? Briefly describe two public health models and their impact on quality health care.

Re: Topic 2 DQ 1

In different facilities, several healthcare models and theories are used to enhance the practices of the health workers to ensure that quality care of the patients is realized. One common model is the Social Cognitive Theory     (SCT). This model focuses on engaging how one’s influences affects other people’s action and it revolves around the behavior of the individual (Stanhope et. al., 2019). However, it is mainly meant to guide healthcare workers. This model tends to promote self-efficacy in that one will be able to control their behavior and it includes having self-control when it comes to monitoring their behavior. A good example is the Healthy Relationship program that is instilled by Chattanooga CARES, which is operated by a small group of individuals who are living with AIDS, and it mainly focuses on skill-building. Another model is the Health Belief Model that offers guidelines on how to promote different preventive programs. To measure the development of the healthcare system, the facility will be able to engage more in prevention than treatment programs. According to the saying, prevention is better than cure, and this must be a concept that applies to healthcare facilities (Jackson, & Gracia, 2014). According to this model, the main area to define includes the threats of the disease, consequences, actions to be taken, barriers to the action taken, and the chances to succeed. For instance, the Michigan Model for Health is a program that is designed to be implemented in the learning institution. It focuses on social health problems.

References

Stanhope, M., Faan, R, D., Lancaster, J., & Faan, R.P (2019). Public Health Nursing E-Book: Population -Centered Health Care in the Community. Mosby

Jackson, C., & Gracia, J .N (2014) Addressing Health and Health -care disparities: the role of a diverse workforce and the social determinants of health. Public Health. Reports, 129( 1-supp12). 57-61.

 

 

Topic 2 DQ 2

  

There are numerous tools available for public health nurses to use. Choose the tool used in public health that is, in your opinion, the most effective. Provide a rationale for this tool’s effectiveness and provide an example of when it has been used.

ata Collection Method

For this assignment, you will plan to collect data for a community health need.

Begin by choosing a population of interest to you. Research your chosen population for available health data. This is your secondary data. From the data available about your population, identify a health need that you would like to address.

Choose a data collection method to collect primary data about the identified health need for your population. Popular data collection methods to choose from are surveys, focus groups, and interviews. Write a 750-1,000-word plan describing how you will collect primary data about the identified health need for your chosen population.

Include the following in your data collection plan:

  1. Description of the chosen population and identified health need.
  2. Identify the most appropriate data collection method for your chosen population with rationale.
  3. Describe which type of data that will be collected (qualitative or quantitative).
  4. Identify health indicators specific to the population with at least one source.
  5. Provide at least five example questions to be used in your data collection.
  6. Include a rationale for each question asked, including the expected data.

Cite two or three resources in your paper.

Prepare this PHN-652 — Population-Based Interventions assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Refer to the LopesWrite Technical Support articles for assistance.

Topic 3 DQ 1

Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using qualitative or quantitative data. Give an example of when you would use each.

Topic 3 DQ 2

There are numerous ways in which public health nurses can collect data in order to identify population needs and develop interventions, including surveys, focus groups, and interviews. Choose the two data collection methods you feel are the most effective. Describe each method and explain why you chose them PHN-652 — Population-Based Interventions. How would you know which data collection technique is most effective for your chosen population?

Topic 4: Public Health Nursing Assessments

Objectives:

  1. Apply the public health nursing practice model in the creation of a population needs assessment report.
  2. Differentiate among micro, meso, and macro levels of assessment.
  3. Discuss techniques for conducting a community health needs assessment.
  4. Utilize data sources to write a community health needs assessment report.

Community Health Needs Assessment Report

The purpose of this assignment is to apply the public health nursing practice model in order to write a community needs assessment report. Utilizing the data collected from your Topic 3 chosen population, write a 1,000-1,200 word community needs assessment report with the following information:

  1. A description of the community or population researched.
  2. Explanation of current data available.
  3. Summary of health needs identified through analysis of data.
  4. Description of the data collection method planned for collecting secondary data.
  5. Description of at least one key health issue/need from a nursing diagnosis, including the micro, meso, and macro level. PHN-652 — Population-Based Interventions.
  6. Summary of at least one social determinant of the health issue identified.
  7. Brief outline of a plan for addressing the chosen health need.

Include three to five resources in your paper.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric PHN-652 — Population-Based Interventions. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Refer to the LopesWrite Technical Support articles for assistance.

Topic 4 DQ 1

What techniques can be used in conducting a community health needs assessment? Which technique do you feel is the most effective?

Topic 4 DQ 2

When writing a community health needs assessment report, the public health nurse will need to include micro, meso, and macro levels of assessment. What is the difference between these levels of assessment? Why is it necessary to use all levels of assessment when writing a community health needs assessment report? PHN-652 — Population-Based Interventions What would be the impact of not including all three levels of assessment in a community health needs assessment report?

Topic 5: Developing Evidence-Based Interventions

Objectives:

  1. Explain the importance of evaluating population-based interventions.
  2. Identify an evidence-based intervention for a community need or health issue based on a community health needs assessment.
  3. Develop an evidence-based intervention to target a community health need.

Benchmark – Population Needs Intervention Development

  

The purpose of this assignment is to develop an intervention to target a community health need.

There are 17 types of interventions that can be used by public health nurses. To address the health issue or disparity of health identified during your Community Health Needs Assessment Report in Topic 4, develop an intervention plan to target that need.

To report your intervention plan, create a 10-12 slide PowerPoint presentation, not including the title and reference slides, that addresses the following information:

  1. Description of the population chosen.
  2. Data used in determining health need.
  3. Summary of which interventions are already in place for this community health need.
  4. Detailed description of the intervention targeted to the population.
  5. Rationale for developing this intervention.
  6. PHN-652 — Population-Based Interventions
  7. Evidence-based resources to support intervention.
  8. Identification of all stakeholders, including the community.
  9. Description of the steps that will be taken to ensure the intervention is culturally sensitive to the community and population.

Include three to five resources in your presentation.

Refer to the resource, “Creating Effective PowerPoint Presentations,” located in the Student Success Center, for additional guidance on completing this assignment in the appropriate style.

While APA style is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and documentation of sources should be presented using APA formatting guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the PHN-652 — Population-Based Interventions assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Refer to the LopesWrite Technical Support articles for assistance.

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Population-Based Intervention Implementation Plan

 PHN-652 — Population-Based Interventions

The purpose of this assignment is to plan for the successful implementation of your population-based intervention. Using your identified health need from Topic 5, write a 1,000-1,200 word paper that includes the following information.

  1. Identify and explain potential barriers to implementation of the evidence-based intervention.
  2. Discuss strategies to overcome the barriers to implementation of the evidence-based intervention.
  3. Describe how you will account for the ethical, legal, and regulatory aspects of community health in your intervention.

Include three to five resources in your PHN-652 — Population-Based Interventions paper.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Refer to the LopesWrite Technical Support articles for assistance.

 

Benchmark – Funding Plan

  

The purpose of this assignment is to create a plan for funding an intervention while applying financial planning and management best practices.

Write a 1,200-1,500 word plan for funding, including the following information:

  1. Description of the data used to determine the targeted health disparity.
  2. Description of the health disparity targeted through the intervention.
  3. Description of intervention sustainability.
  4. Description of possible cost savings resulting from intervention implementation.
  5. Rationale for chosen sources of funding. PHN-652 — Population-Based Interventions.
  6. A proposed budget that includes total cost of implementation, expenses, and amount of funding received.
  7. Description of adherence to financial planning and management best practices.

Include one or two resources in your paper.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Refer to the LopesWrite Technical Support articles for assistance.

Topic 8: Evaluating Population-Based Interventions

Objectives:

  1. Identify critical features and strategies for the evaluation of the evidence-based intervention process.
  2. Develop a plan for evaluating an evidence-based intervention.
  3. Identify the performance measures of an evidence-based intervention.

Planning for Evaluation

  

The purpose of this assignment is to develop an evaluation plan for your evidence-based intervention in order to reflect on its effectiveness.

You may choose to include key slides from your Population-Based Intervention Implementation Plan from Topic 5 in order to ensure that stakeholders have an understanding of the data collection and intervention planning processes.

Create a 5-8 slide PowerPoint presentation, not including title or reference slides, with the following information:

  1. Describe the population and health disparity targeted in the intervention.
  2. Identify features and strategies for evaluation.
  3. Identify performance measures.
  4. Write short-term and long-term outcomes with plans for measurement and benchmarking.
  5. Plan for the next steps in the intervention. What will you do with this evaluation data?

Include speaker notes for each slide, detailing how you would present this information to stakeholders.

Include one or two resources in your presentation. PHN-652 — Population-Based Interventions.

Refer to the resource, “Creating Effective PowerPoint Presentations,” located in the Student Success Center, for additional guidance on completing this assignment in the appropriate style.

While APA style is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and documentation of sources should be presented using APA formatting guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this PHN-652 — Population-Based Interventions assignment to LopesWrite. Refer to the LopesWrite Technical Support articles for assistance.

Social determinant of health essay

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Social determinant of health essay

Give a Positive Response to the following Social determinant of health essay;

Social determinant of health are the conditions in which people are born, live, work, and age that affect health. (Healthy people 2020, 2011).  For example, a person born into poor family and a poor community may be expose to poor sanitation, no proper education, no medical health care provided. In the 19 th  century, outbreaks of infectious diseases such as typhoid, cholera and tuberculosis swept through crowded urban slums. The cause of the outbreaks was link to filthy and substandard living condition. (Healthy people 2020, 2011)   Health is determined in part by access to social and economic opportunities; the resources and support available in the community, the cleanliness of water, food and air, education, housing status, how much money a person earn and access to health care. Healthy people 2020 is emphasizing for communities to create social and physical environments that promote good health for all. Social determinant of health essay

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Communicable disease chain is an infectious disease transmissible from one  person to  another  by direct contact with an affected individual. There are 6 links in which the infection can be transmitted which are the host, Agent, Reservoir, mode of escape, mode of transmission, mode of entry. By breaking this chain at any of the links, the spread of infection is stopped.

There are steps the nurse can take to break a link within the communicable disease by implementing standard precaution and infection control precaution. For example, a patient with infected wound  ( MRSA) . The nurse can prevent outbreak by proper technique of hand washing, use personal protective equipment, enhancing environmental cleaning and disinfection, proper handling and disposal of wound dressings.

References

Social Determinant of healthy| healthy people 2020 , 2011  retrieved from www.healthypeople.gov>2020  topics and objectives.

Concepts on communicable disease  (n.d   ) retrieved from www.chp.gov.hk/files/pdf/guidelines_on_prevention_of  _communiable disease Social determinant of health essay

 

 

 

Social determinants of health and well-being essay

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Social determinants of health and well-being essay

Give a positive response to the following social determinants of health and well-being essay;

“Poverty has a profound effect on specific circumstances, such as birth weight, infant mortality, language development, chronic illness, environmental exposure, nutrition, and injury.” (American Academy of Pediatrics, 2016, para. 1) Lack of resources, lack of access to proper healthcare, poor living conditions, lack of proper nutrition, and exposure to environmental contaminants place those children living in poverty at a much higher risk for the development of illness, injury, and even death than those living above the poverty line. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 2017) on their webpage for Children’s Environmental Health point out that environmental risk factors and contaminants impact the health of children much more than adults. Reasons for the higher risk for children include their bodies require more air, nutrients, and water than adults in relationship to their body weight thus increasing their exposure. (CDC, 2017) They are also still growing and developing and may not be able to deal with or eliminate harmful contaminants that enter their bodies as their immune systems are not as fully developed as adults. (CDC, 2017) Social determinants of health and well-being essay

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There is growing research that shows that childhood poverty “is associated with neuroendocrine dysregulation that may alter brain function and may contribute to the development of chronic cardiovascular, immune, and psychiatric disorders.” (American Academy of Pediatrics, 2016, para. 2) Since children are exposed to some of these environmental contaminants at such a young age, as well as over a longer period of time, it places these children at a much higher risk for developing health issues than adults exposed to the same contaminants. (CDC, 2017) An example of a health issue related to environmental contaminants are indoor pollutants which are a leading cause of respiratory infections in children and these infections place them at a much higher risk of childhood illness and mortality. (Creel, 2002) Continued exposure to such contaminants only further harm these children leading to long-term negative health issues. Social determinants of health and well-being essay.

American Academy of Pediatrics. (2016). Poverty and child health in the United States. Retrieved from http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/early/2016/03/07/peds.2016-0339

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2017). Children’s environmental health. Retrieved from https://ephtracking.cdc.gov/showChildEHMain.action

Creel, L. (2002). Children’s environmental health: Risks and remedies. Retrieved from http://www.prb.org/Publications/Reports/2002/ChildrensEnvironmentalHealthRisksandRemedies.aspx Social determinants of health and well-being essay

PHN-652 Topic 1 DQ 2

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PHN-652 Topic 1 DQ 2

How has evidence-based practice evolved? What are the advantages and disadvantages of this evolution for public health nurses as well as communities?

 Topic 1 DQ 2

Evidence-Based practice or EBP as it is most commonly known as, plays a key role in the nursing sector. It has been stated that the evidence-based practice movement consists of a variety of efforts to bring into widespread use, programs, policies, and other practices already shown by experimental evaluation to affect psychological or behavioral functioning (Biglan & Ogden, 2008). As early as 1960 psychologists as well as educational researchers began reporting various treatment procedures that were demonstrably more effective than the procedures with which they were compared. From this It was recognized that the growing empirical literature prompted a number of federal agencies to identify and to promote evidence-based practices (Biglan & Ogden, 2008). EBP is known as a problem-solving approach to the delivery of health care which integrates the best studied evidence combined with patient care data, clinician expertise, and the patients values and preferences to assure that the highest quality of care is provided, which ultimately leads to best patient outcomes (Melynk et.al, 2010) PHN-652 Topic 1 DQ 2.

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Disadvantages to evidence-based practice and public health nursing are lack of funding, skilled personnel, incentives, and time along with limited buy-in from leadership and elected officials which impede the practice of evidence-based public health (Jacobs et.al., 2012)

 

Reference:

Biglan, A., & Ogden, T. (2008). The Evolution of Evidence-based Practices. European journal of behavior analysis, 9(1), 81–95. https://doi.org/10.1080/15021149.2008.11434297

Jacobs, J. A., Jones, E., Gabella, B. A., Spring, B., & Brownson, R. C. (2012). Tools for implementing an evidence-based approach in public health practice. Preventing chronic disease, 9, E116. https://doi.org/10.5888/pcd9.110324

Melnyk, Bernadette Mazurek, PhD, RN, CPNP/PMHNP, FNAP, FAAN; Fineout-Overholt, Ellen, PhD, RN, FNAP, FAAN; Stillwell, Susan B., DNP, RN, CNE; Williamson, Kathleen M., PhD, RN Evidence-Based Practice: Step by Step: The Seven Steps of Evidence-Based Practice, AJN The American Journal of Nursing: January 2010 – Volume 110 – Issue 1 – p 51-53 doi: 10.1097/01.NAJ.0000366056.06605.d2 PHN-652 Topic 1 DQ 2

 

PHN-652 Topic 2: Models and Tools Used in Public Health

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PHN-652 Topic 2: Models and Tools Used in Public Health

Topic 2: Models and Tools Used in Public Health

Objectives:

  1. Describe the importance of public health models in providing quality health care.
  2. Differentiate between public health models for a public health program.
  3. Analyze existing models of public health.

Intervention Wheel Analysis

  

The intervention wheel is a commonly used model used in public health. The purpose of this assignment is to analyze the intervention wheel and contrast it with another model used in public health. Write a 1,250-1,500 word PHN-652 Topic 2: Models and Tools Used in Public Health paper, including the following:A description of the strengths and weaknesses of the intervention wheel.

  1. An example of when the intervention wheel has been used in public health.
  2. A brief description of another model used in public health.
  3. A description of how the two models are similar.
  4. A description of how the two models are different.

Cite two or three resources in your PHN-652 Topic 2: Models and Tools Used in Public Health paper.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Refer to the LopesWrite Technical Support articles for assistance.

Topic 2 DQ 1

  

Why are public health models important in providing quality health care? Briefly describe two public health models and their impact on quality health care.

Re: Topic 2 DQ 1

Why public health models are important in providing quality health care?

Public health relates to the organized measures put in place to promote health, prevent diseases, as well as prolong the life of the entire population. Public health model, on the other hand, addresses social problems or health comprehensively PHN-652 Topic 2: Models and Tools Used in Public Health. It mainly considers the environment, human factors, and the characteristics of the source of harm. One main benefit of the public health models is that they identify the causes and propose possible interventions. The public health model is essential in providing quality health care. The model takes the population approach to disease prevention and health promotion. It focuses not only on traditional areas of treatment, diagnosis and etiology but also on epidemiologic surveillance of the entire population (McCaughey & Cermele, 2017). Other areas of focus include disease prevention, health promotion as well as access to evaluation of services. These models target the prevention of problems through targeted interventions and policies of the known risk factors for the challenge. The act of quick identification and response to the problems minimize their long-term effects.

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One of the public health models is health belief models. It is based on the understanding that an individual will take action connected to health if they feel that it can prevent an adverse health condition. It also incorporates the belief that the act will have a positive expectation at the end (Mahmoud et al., 2018). An excellent example includes the use of condoms to prevent HIV. The second model is the Transtheoretical model. It is associated with behaviour change and assess the readiness of an individual to act on a new and healthier behavior. It, therefore, comes up with processes or strategies of change in guiding the individual through the different stages of life (Segall, 2017) PHN-652 Topic 2: Models and Tools Used in Public Health.

Reference

Mahmoud, M. H., Sayed, S. H., Ibrahim, H. A. F., & Abd-Elhakam, E. M. (2018). Effect of Health Belief Model-Based Educational Intervention About Breast Cancer on Nursing Students’ Knowledge, Health Beliefs and Breast Self-Examination Practice. International Journal of Studies in Nursing, 3(3), 77

McCaughey, M., & Cermele, J. (2017). Changing the hidden curriculum of campus rape prevention and education: Women’s self-defence as a key protective factor for a public health model of prevention. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 18(3), 287-302 PHN-652 Topic 2: Models and Tools Used in Public Health

Segall, P. J. (2017). Readiness for Positive Change: A Conceptual Framework Integrating Positive Psychology and the Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change.

Topic 2 DQ 2

  

There are numerous tools available for public health nurses to use. Choose the tool used in public health that is, in your opinion, the most effective. Provide a rationale for this tool’s effectiveness and provide an example of when it has been used. PHN-652 Topic 2: Models and Tools Used in Public Health.

Intervention Wheel Analysis

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Intervention Wheel Analysis

 Intervention Wheel Analysis

The intervention wheel is a commonly used model used in public health. The purpose of this assignment is to analyze the intervention wheel and contrast it with another model used in public health. Write a 1,250-1,500 word paper, including the following:

  1. A description of the strengths and weaknesses of the intervention wheel.
  2. An example of when the intervention wheel has been used in public health.
  3. A brief description of another model used in public health.
  4. A description of how the two models are similar.
  5. A description of how the two models are different.

Cite two or three resources in your Intervention Wheel Analysis paper.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this Intervention Wheel Analysis assignment to LopesWrite. Refer to the LopesWrite Technical Support articles for assistance.

Topic 2 DQ 1

  

Why are public health models important in providing quality health care? Briefly describe two public health models and their impact on quality health care.

Re: Topic 2 DQ 1

Public health is the science of protecting and improving the health of people and its communities which is achieved in promoting healthy lifestyles, prevention on injury and chronic diseases, as well as detecting, precluding and responding to infectious diseases in order to limit health disparities. Inclusive with its objectives are planned activities and programs through theories and models used in platform planning to understand and explain health behavior in guiding for the identification, development, and implementation of interventions such as health promotion and disease prevention Intervention Wheel Analysis. Because through health promotion and disease prevention programs it can empower individuals to make healthier choices and reduce their risk of disease and disability in the direction of eliminating health disparities in improving quality of life, and advancing the availability of healthcare and related services.

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The Health Belief Model is a theoretical guide towards health promotion and disease prevention in explaining and predicting individual changes in health behaviors which encompasses the key elements which influences the condition of a behavioral well- being done in the following : individual’s perception of threat to sickness or disease (perceived susceptibility), belief of consequence (perceived severity), potential positive benefits of action (perceived benefits), perceived barriers and experience to factors that prompt action (indications to action), and confidence in ability to succeed (self-efficacy). Therefore, it targets social and emotional health challenges that comprises of nutrition, physical activity, alcohol, drug use, safety, and personal health. Consideration of implementation in this model includes: (a) gathering information in conducting a health needs assessments to determine who is at risk and the marked population; (b) conveying the consequences of the health issues associated with risk behaviors in a clear and unequivocal fashion to understand apparent severity; (c) communication with the target population the steps that involves in taking the recommended accomplishment in highlighting the benefits to action; (d) providing assistance in identifying and reducing barriers to action; and (e) demonstrating actions through skill development activities and providing support that enhances self-efficacy for the successful behavioral changes (RHI, 2020) Intervention Wheel Analysis.

Another public health model used is the Ecological Model, which is a useful structure for understanding the range of factors that influences health and well-being because it can assist in providing a complete perspective of the issues that affects specific health behaviors, including the social determinants of health. It is used by means of integration with other components of philosophies in ensuring the design of a comprehensive health promotion, disease prevention program or policy approach recognizing multiple levels of influence on health behaviors contains the following: (a) intrapersonal individual behavior such as knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and personality; (b) interpersonal interactions with other people which can provide social support or create barriers in promoting healthy behavior; (c) institutional and organizational rules, regulations, policies, and informal structures that constrain or promote healthy behaviors; (d) community formal or informal social norms that exist among individuals, groups, or organizations which can limit or enhance healthy behaviors; and (e) public policy comprising of local, state, and federal policies and laws that regulate or support health actions and practices for disease prevention including early detection, control, and management (USDHHS, 2020) Intervention Wheel Analysis. Therefore, health promotion and disease prevention programs draw from theories and models that support the practice used in program planning in addressing specific health problem of the population being served with a significant range of evidence- base in building effective community health.

References:

Rural Health Information Hub (RHI), (2020). Health Belief Model. Retrieved from: https://www.ruralhealthinfo.org/toolkits/health-promotion/theories-and-models/health-belief.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (USDHHS), (2020). Ecological Model Theory at a Glance: A Guide for Health Promotion and Practice. Retrieved from: https://www.ruralhealthinfo.org/toolkits/health-promotion/theories-and-models/ecological Intervention Wheel Analysis.

 

Topic 2 DQ 2

  

There are numerous tools available for public health nurses to use. Choose the tool used in public health that is, in your opinion, the most effective. Provide a rationale for this tool’s effectiveness and provide an example of when it has been used. Intervention Wheel Analysis.

Community Health Needs Assessment Report

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Community Health Needs Assessment Report

 Community Health Needs Assessment Report

The purpose of this Community Health Needs Assessment Report assignment is to apply the public health nursing practice model in order to write a community needs assessment report. Utilizing the data collected from your Topic 3 chosen population, write a 1,000-1,200 word community needs assessment report with the following information:

  1. A description of the community or population researched.
  2. Explanation of current data available.
  3. Summary of health needs identified through analysis of data.
  4. Description of the data collection method planned for collecting secondary data.
  5. Description of at least one key health issue/need from a nursing diagnosis, including the micro, meso, and macro level.
  6. Summary of at least one social determinant of the health issue identified.
  7. Brief outline of a plan for addressing the chosen health need.

Include three to five resources in your Community Health Needs Assessment Report paper.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

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This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this Community Health Needs Assessment Report assignment to LopesWrite. Refer to the LopesWrite Technical Support articles for assistance.

Community Health Needs Assessment Report

No of Criteria: 12 Achievement Levels: 5
Criteria
Achievement Levels
Description
Percentage
1: Unsatisfactory 0-75%
0.00 %
2: Less Than Satisfactory 76-80%
80.00 %
3: Satisfactory 81-88%
88.00 %
4: Good 89-92%
92.00 %
5: Excellent 93-100%
100.00 %
Content
70.0
Community or Population Researched
10.0
A description of the community or population researched is not present.
A description of the community or population researched is incomplete or incorrect.
A description of the community or population researched is included but lacks supporting details.
A description of the community or population researched is complete and includes supporting details.
A description of the community or population researched is extremely thorough and includes substantial supporting details Community Health Needs Assessment Report.
Current Data Available
10.0
An explanation of current data available is not present.
An explanation of current data available is incomplete or incorrect.
An explanation of current data available is included but lacks supporting details.
An explanation of current data available is complete and includes supporting details.
An explanation of current data available is extremely thorough and includes substantial supporting details.
Health Needs Identified
10.0
A summary of health needs identified through analysis of data is not present.
A summary of health needs identified through analysis of data is incomplete or incorrect.
A summary of health needs identified through analysis of data is included but lacks supporting details.
A summary of health needs identified through analysis of data is complete and includes supporting details.
A summary of health needs identified through analysis of data is extremely thorough and includes substantial supporting details.
Data Collection Method
10.0
A description of the data collection method planned for collecting secondary data is not present.
A description of the data collection method planned for collecting secondary data is incomplete or incorrect.
A description of the data collection method planned for collecting secondary data is included but lacks supporting details.
A description of the data collection method planned for collecting secondary data is complete and includes supporting details.
A description of the data collection method planned for collecting secondary data is extremely thorough and includes substantial supporting details.
Micro, Meso, and Macro Level of Health Issue or Need
10.0
A description of at least one key health issue or need from a nursing diagnosis, including the micro, meso, and macro level, is not present.
A description of at least one key health issue or need from a nursing diagnosis, including the micro, meso, and macro level, is incomplete or incorrect.
A description of at least one key health issue or need from a nursing diagnosis, including the micro, meso, and macro level, is included but lacks supporting details.
A description of at least one key health issue or need from a nursing diagnosis, including the micro, meso, and macro level, is complete and includes supporting details.
A description of at least one key health issue or need from a nursing diagnosis, including the micro, meso, and macro level, is extremely thorough and includes substantial supporting details.
Social Determinant
10.0
A summary of at least one social determinant of the health issue identified is not present.
A summary of at least one social determinant of the health issue identified is incomplete or incorrect.
A summary of at least one social determinant of the health issue identified is included but lacks supporting details.
A summary of at least one social determinant of the health issue identified is complete and includes supporting details.
A discussion of the A summary of at least one social determinant of the health issue identified is extremely thorough and includes substantial supporting details.
Outline of Plan to Address Health Need
10.0
A brief outline of a plan for addressing the chosen health need is not present.
A brief outline of a plan for addressing the chosen health need is incomplete or incorrect.
A brief outline of a plan for addressing the chosen health need is included but lacks supporting details.
A brief outline of a plan for addressing the chosen health need is complete and includes supporting details.
A brief outline of a plan for addressing the chosen health need is extremely thorough and includes substantial supporting details.
Organization and Effectiveness
20.0

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Thesis Development and Purpose
7.0
Paper lacks any discernible overall purpose or organizing claim.
Thesis is insufficiently developed or vague. Purpose is not clear.
Thesis is apparent and appropriate to purpose.
Thesis is clear and forecasts the development of the paper. Thesis is descriptive and reflective of the arguments and appropriate to the purpose.
Thesis is comprehensive and contains the essence of the paper. Thesis statement makes the purpose of the paper clear.
Argument Logic and Construction
8.0
Statement of purpose is not justified by the conclusion. The conclusion does not support the claim made. Argument is incoherent and uses noncredible sources.
Sufficient justification of claims is lacking. Argument lacks consistent unity. There are obvious flaws in the logic. Some sources have questionable credibility.
Argument is orderly, but may have a few inconsistencies. The argument presents minimal justification of claims. Argument logically, but not thoroughly, supports the purpose. Sources used are credible. Introduction and conclusion bracket the thesis.
Argument shows logical progressions. Techniques of argumentation are evident. There is a smooth progression of claims from introduction to conclusion. Most sources are authoritative.
Clear and convincing argument that presents a persuasive claim in a distinctive and compelling manner. All sources are authoritative.
Mechanics of Writing (includes spelling, punctuation, grammar, language use)
5.0
Surface errors are pervasive enough that they impede communication of meaning. Inappropriate word choice or sentence construction is used.
Frequent and repetitive mechanical errors distract the reader. Inconsistencies in language choice (register) or word choice are present. Sentence structure is correct but not varied.
Some mechanical errors or typos are present, but they are not overly distracting to the reader. Correct and varied sentence structure and audience-appropriate language are employed.
Prose is largely free of mechanical errors, although a few may be present. The writer uses a variety of effective sentence structures and figures of speech. Community Health Needs Assessment Report
Writer is clearly in command of standard, written, academic English.
Format
10.0
Paper Format (Use of appropriate style for the major and assignment)
5.0
Template is not used appropriately or documentation format is rarely followed correctly.
Template is used, but some elements are missing or mistaken; lack of control with formatting is apparent.
Template is used, and formatting is correct, although some minor errors may be present.
Template is fully used; There are virtually no errors in formatting style.
All format elements are correct.
Documentation of Sources (citations, footnotes, references, bibliography, etc., as appropriate to assignment and style)
5.0
Sources are not documented.
Documentation of sources is inconsistent or incorrect, as appropriate to assignment and style, with numerous formatting errors.
Sources are documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, although some formatting errors may be present.
Sources are documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is mostly correct.
Sources are completely and correctly documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is free of error.
Total Percentage  100 Community Health Needs Assessment Report