Expense, Revenue, ROI Ration Analysis in healthcare essay

Expense, Revenue, ROI Ration Analysis in healthcare essay assignment

An Opportunity for Business in the Healthcare Industry: The Budget and Estimated expenses for the Proposed Venture

Part 1: Expense/ Revenue/ ROI Analysis

Weight Monitoring Business Opportunity for an Established Telehealth
Healthcare Business Venture
A. EXPENSES
Estimated start-up costs (expenses) for equipment purchase
Equipment Cost in USD
Smart digital scale 75
80 Smart digital scales 6000
Estimated operating costs (digital scale servicing & maintenance)
Maintaining 1 scale in a year 30
40 Maintaining 40 scales in 2020 1200
50 Maintaining 50 scales in 2021 1500
60 Maintaining 60 scales in 2022 1800
70 Maintaining 70 scales in 2023 2100
80 Maintaining 80 scales in 2024 2400
Transportation & miscellaneous costs for 5 years 3000
Total estimated operating costs for 5 years 12000
Total estimated expenses for the venture in 5 years 18000
B. REVENUES
Cost of leasing one smart weighing scale for I year 150
Service (consultation) charges 2880
Total revenue per machine per year 3030
40 Revenue from 40 scales in 2020 121200
50 Revenue from 50 scales in 2021 151500
60 Revenue from 60 scales in 2022 181800
70 Revenue from 70 scales in 2023 212100
80 Revenue from 80 scales in 2024 242400
Total estimated revenues from the venture in 5 years 909000
C. RETURN ON INVESTMENT (ROI)
ROI = Net profit/ Cost of investment
Gross profit = 909000
Net profit = (909000-180000) 891000
ROI = 49.5
ROI (%) = 4950

 

Part 2: Summary of Analysis and Interpretation of the Results

This is a healthcare business opportunity that will be implemented within an existing telehealth healthcare operation. Patients who need constant weight and body mass index monitoring within the telehealth program are to be given leased smart digital scales that will relay this information to the clinician whenever they take their weight. The equipment is to be bought (PCMAG Digital Group, 2020) by the business (at USD 75 per piece) and leased to the patients at a cost of USD 150 per year. The consultation or service fee charges per machine per year will be USD 2880 (USD 60 per week). Each machine will be maintained or serviced at an estimated cost of USD 30 per year. The patients that this venture will benefit are those currently being treated on the telehealth program and include those with overweight and obesity, heart disease, renal failure, and diabetes (Hammer & McPhee, 2018). The smart digital scale has Bluetooth capability. When the patient takes the weight, the machine uses it to calculate the BMI through an in-built application. The weight and the BMI are then relayed by Bluetooth to the patient’s smartphone, which then automatically sends this information to the clinician’s computer through the telehealth platform. Expense, Revenue, ROI Ration Analysis in healthcare essay assignment

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Currently (2020), these patients (who require the smart digital weighing scale) number just about forty. This is the figure that is used to estimate the revenue for the first year (2020). It is then estimated or assumed that at least 10 patients will be added to these numbers in every subsequent year. That means 2020 will have 40 patients, 2021 will have 50 patients, 2022 will have 60 patients, 2023 will have 70 patients, and 2024 which will be the fifth year will have 80 patients.

The return on investment (ROI) is then calculated by dividing the net profit by the cost of investment (InvestingAnswers, Inc., 2019). The net profit comes from the total five year revenues minus the initial start-up costs and operating costs. Dividing USD 891000 by USD 18000 gives a ratio of 49.5 as the ROI. As a percentage (multiplied by 100), therefore, the ROI for this venture will be 4,950%. This is a very high ROI and therefore this healthcare business opportunity is worth investing in.

References

Hammer, D.G., & McPhee, S.J. (Eds). (2018). Pathophysiology of disease: An introduction to clinical medicine, 8th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education.

InvestingAnswers, Inc. (October 1, 2019). ROI –return on investment. Retrieved 22 March 2020 from https://investinganswers.com/dictionary/r/return-investment-roi

PCMAG Digital Group (2020). The best smart bathroom scales for 2020. Retrieved 22 March 2020 from https://www.pcmag.com/picks/the-best-smart-bathroom-scales  Expense, Revenue, ROI Ration Analysis in healthcare essay assignment

 

 

Weight Monitoring Business Opportunity for an Established Telehealth
Healthcare Business Venture
A. EXPENSES
Estimated start-up costs (expenses) for equipment purchase
Equipment Cost in USD
Smart digital scale 75
80 Smart digital scales 6000
Estimated operating costs (digital scale servicing & maintenance)
Maintaining 1 scale in a year 30
40 Maintaining 40 scales in 2020 1200
50 Maintaining 50 scales in 2021 1500
60 Maintaining 60 scales in 2022 1800
70 Maintaining 70 scales in 2023 2100
80 Maintaining 80 scales in 2024 2400
Transportation & miscellaneous costs for 5 years 3000
Total estimated operating costs for 5 years 12000
Total estimated expenses for the venture in 5 years 18000
B. REVENUES
Cost of leasing one smart weighing scale for I year 150
Service (consultation) charges 2880
Total revenue per machine per year 3030
40 Revenue from 40 scales in 2020 121200
50 Revenue from 50 scales in 2021 151500
60 Revenue from 60 scales in 2022 181800
70 Revenue from 70 scales in 2023 212100
80 Revenue from 80 scales in 2024 242400
Total estimated revenues from the venture in 5 years 909000
C. RETURN ON INVESTMENT (ROI)
ROI = Net profit/ Cost of investment
Gross profit = 909000
Net profit = (909000-180000) 891000
ROI = 49.5
ROI (%) = 4950

A ratio analysis involves one or more calculations to gain insight into a project, an investment, or an organization. For example, ratios can be used to assess companies by comparing calculated values with those of other companies, or with certain benchmark values.

There are numerous ratios that have been developed, each with a different purpose. For example, a company’s profit margin is a ratio value calculated by dividing its net income by its sales. The result is a value that suggests how much of a company\’s total sales become profit. Higher profit margins are typically desirable. Expense, Revenue, ROI Ration Analysis in healthcare essay assignment

This week, you will forecast expenses, revenues, and financing needs for a proposed new healthcare product or service. You will also calculate some ratios to gain insight into the financial health of an organization and the feasibility of implementing the proposed product or service.

Learning Objectives
Students will:

Calculate estimated expenses for healthcare products and service solutions
Calculate estimated revenues for healthcare products and service solutions
Calculate return on investment for healthcare products and service solutions
Analyze financial impacts of healthcare products and services solutions for healthcare organizations
Learning Resources
Required Readings (click to expand/reduce)

American Nurses Association. (2015). Code of ethics for nurses with interpretive statements. Retrieved from https://www.nursingworld.org/coe-view-only

Note: Review all, with special attention on “Provision 6” (pp. 23–26).

Kelly, P., & Porr, C., (2018). Ethical nursing care versus cost containment: Considerations to enhance RN practice. OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 23(1), Manuscript 6. doi:10.3912/OJIN.Vol23No01Man06. Retrieved from http://ojin.nursingworld.org/MainMenuCategories/ANAMarketplace/ANAPeriodicals/OJIN/TableofContents/Vol-23-2018/No1-Jan-2018/Ethical-Nursing-Cost-Containment.html Expense, Revenue, ROI Ration Analysis in healthcare essay assignment

Milliken, A., (2018). Ethical awareness: What it is and why It matters. OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 23(1). doi:10.3912/OJIN.Vol23No01Man01. Retrieved from http://ojin.nursingworld.org/MainMenuCategories/ANAMarketplace/ANAPeriodicals/OJIN/TableofContents/Vol-23-2018/No1-Jan-2018/Ethical-Awareness.html

Document: Healthcare Budget Request Template (Word document)

Document: Healthcare Budget Request Workbook Step-by-Step Guide (Word document)

Required Media (click to expand/reduce)

Expense Forecasting

Understanding the numbers behind effective nuring practice is a critical skill for the nurse executive. Consider how forecasting expenses in day-to-day operations might impact patient care and healthcare delivery approaches as you prepare to estimate expenses for your own proposal. (5m)

Accessible player
Assignment: Healthcare Budget Request – Estimating Expenses
It can be tempting to think of “dreams” and “finance” as opposite ends of a spectrum. You may dream of things you want, such as new cars, vacations, or retirement. But a quick analysis of your current finances may awaken you to find that your dream is not yet financially feasible. Expense, Revenue, ROI Ration Analysis in healthcare essay assignment

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Dreams and finance are, in fact, not at all in opposition. If your dream is a new automobile, you soon come to realize that you’ll need a plan to make your purchase. Part of this planning is based on an understanding of your current financial position.

Photo Credit: Getty Images

Saving money will help you, and whatever cost is not covered by savings can possibly be made up for by securing financing. You’ll likely need a personal budget that accounts for any new expenses you incur, including your new car payment.

Like you, healthcare organizations have dreams, manifested as corporate objectives. Proposals for new healthcare products or services must support these objectives, typically demonstrated via a business case. To become reality, these ideas almost always require resources. By understanding current financial position, accurately estimating revenue streams and expenses, and creating budgets, strategies can be developed that bring objectives to life.

For this Assignment you will calculate estimated expenses associated with a proposed new healthcare product or service. You will also estimate revenues and calculate a return on the proposed investment.

To Prepare
Reflect on the healthcare product or service solution you have proposed for your healthcare organization. Consider expenses (including any capital expenditures) that will be required to implement your product or service.
Reflect on the estimated revenues (if any) that your proposed solution will generate.
Reflect on the need for financing to meet the estimated expenses associated with your idea.
For each of the above, consult with your internal financial counselor as needed. Expense, Revenue, ROI Ration Analysis in healthcare essay assignment
The Assignment: Estimating Expenses
Conduct an analysis of estimated expenses and revenues associated with your product or service idea by completing the following:

Part 1: Expense/Revenue/ROI Analysis:

Open your Healthcare Budget Request workbook that you created in Week 2, and navigate to the “Estimated Expenses” worksheet. Using the Healthcare Budget Request Workbook Step-by-Step Guide for guidance, create a worksheet that records the following:

Each of the estimated expenses associated with your proposed idea, including startup expenses. Be sure to label each appropriately, with enough description to make it clear what the item is and what the estimated cost involves.
Each of the estimated revenues associated with your proposed idea. Be sure to label each appropriately, with enough description to make it clear what the item is and any necessary details regarding sources of revenues (including reimbursements).
Calculate the total estimated expenses and revenues for the next 5-year period.
Calculate the Return on Investment (ROI) for your proposed idea.
NOTE: You will copy your worksheet and analysis onto the Healthcare Budget Request Template (Word document) for submission.
Part 2: Summary of Analysis and Interpretation of Results:

Create a brief (1- to 2-page) description of your analysis that clearly describes the estimated financial impact of your proposed idea. Interpret the results by explaining what your ROI calculation means to the organization. Expense, Revenue, ROI Ration Analysis in healthcare essay assignment

Leadership and Group collaboration Nursing essay

Leadership and Group collaboration Nursing essay

Write a 3–4 page Leadership and Group collaboration Nursing essay letter in which you analyze your leadership skills and how you would use them to lead a project requiring group collaboration.

Assessments 1 and 2 are scenario-based, so you must complete them in the order in which they are presented.

Leadership is an integral element in any job, regardless of the work title. However, it is important to recognize that leadership is not just one single skill; instead, success in leadership depends on a broad range of skills, among them decision making, collaboration, and communication.

By successfully completing this Leadership and Group collaboration Nursing essay letter assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and assessment criteria:

Competency 1: Apply qualities, skills and practices used by effective healthcare leaders.
Describe the leadership qualities desirable for the proposed project.
Compare one\’s own leadership skills against those of a chosen health care leader.
Explain one\’s role as project leader, using approaches from a selected leadership model.
Competency 2: Apply practices that facilitate effective interprofessional collaboration.
Describe an approach to effectively facilitate collaboration among a professional team.
Competency 4: Produce clear, coherent, and professional written work, in accordance with Capella’s writing standards.
Address assignment purpose in a well-organized text, incorporating appropriate evidence and tone in grammatically sound sentences.

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Preparation

Read the Assessment 1 Scenario found in the Resources. Information in your assessment should be based on information from the scenario.

Instructions

Develop a professional response to the supervisor using the template provided. The letter will have two main components:

Identify the qualities of a successful leader and compare them to your own leadership characteristics.
Make recommendations on how to lead and foster teamwork. Leadership and Group collaboration Nursing essay letter
Please refer to the scoring guide for details on how you your assessment will be evaluated.

Submission Requirements

Your letter should be 3–4 double-spaced pages in length.
Apply correct APA formatting to all in-text citations and references.
Use Times New Roman, 12-point font.
Express your main points, arguments, and conclusions coherently.
Use correct grammar and mechanics.
Support your claims, arguments, and conclusions with credible evidence from 2–3 current, scholarly or professional sources.
Proofread your writing.
Please refer to the scoring guide for details on how you your assessment will be evaluated.

Notes:

You are encouraged to review the performance level descriptions for each criterion to see how your work will be assessed. Leadership and Group collaboration Nursing essay letter
Your instructor may use the Writing Feedback Tool when grading this assignment. The Writing Feedback Tool is designed to provide you with guidance and resources to develop your writing based on five core skills. You will find writing feedback in the Scoring Guide for the assessment, once your work has been evaluated.

 

” CAPELLA UNIVERSITY
NHS-FP5004 – Collaboration, Communication, and
Case Analysisfor Master’sLearners
Assessment 1 Scenario
Use the following scenario as a basis to complete Assessment 1.
Imagine that you work in a health care facility and your boss has just stopped by your office and
says the following:
Hi, I just have a couple of minutes – please forgive me for stopping in without advanced notice. One
of the results of a recent employee survey at Lakeland Clinic indicates we have some issues to
address. The data show 75% of the employees have concerns about at least one of the following:
diversity issues, workplace incivility, and poor work-life balance.
Senior leadership has asked me how I plan to respond, and my first inclination is to put you in
charge of assembling a team to address one of the issues. You have demonstrated effective
organizational and communication on other projects and I think you will be a great asset as we
move forward. Leadership and Group collaboration Nursing essay letter
I have to run right now, but I’ll send you an email with more information before I leave today. See
you later!
Subsequent Email:
Thanks for talking with me this morning. I just want you to know that this is really a great
opportunity for you. I know you have been interested in taking steps to becoming a leader in this
organization and now it’s time to realize your potential.
As you know we opened the Lakeland Medical Clinic to serve area residents who were unable or
unwilling to use the services offered at the main hospital. The first two months of operation saw
strong patient volume. Since then, the numbers have dropped off dramatically. This prompted
leadership to start asking some questions, which lead to the internal survey that I mentioned
yesterday.
I just met with leadership and they determined that the priority right now is the diversity issue
because we have the opportunity to improve outcomes for both employees and the community.
This is part of an e-mail I got from the clinic director last week:
“…after careful examination of all aspects of the organization and talking with some
neighborhood leaders we have concluded that residents in the community do not feel
comfortable coming to the clinic. It seems the staff are lacking the ability to develop a trusting
relationship with the residents primarily because they do not understand the cultural values
and norms. The neighborhood residents, which you know are predominantly Haitian, often feel
their beliefs, values, and health practices are notunderstood.
1

” CAPELLA UNIVERSITY
When staff members were hired, we only considered their past work experiences, education
and potential. We may have failed to fully consider their ability to work with diverse
populations.“ Leadership and Group collaboration Nursing essay letter
Hopefully the information gives you a better understanding of the issues to be addressed. Time to
get started as things need to move quickly.
I want you to assemble a committee to clearly define the problem and ultimately provide guidance
on solutions. Before introducing you to the clinic director and executive team, I want to review your
approach specific to leadership style and collaboration.
I want two things from you in a written document. The first part is just for me, but the second part I
intend to share with the clinic director.
First, identify and describe a leader you would choose to lead a project like this and explain why. It
can be anyone that is qualified, even someone famous. Your choice will tell me a lot about your
leadership approach and priorities. Next, select one of the characteristics that make them
successful and compare it against your leadership skills.
The second item is related to leading and fostering teamwork and collaboration among a group of
interdisciplinary professionals. We are looking for 4–6 members to serve on a committee who will
be considering the diversity issue and ultimately making a recommendation on how to address it.
I want you to:
• Describe your role and approach to leading the group. How will you lead and communicate? Will
you be an authoritative, collaborative, democratic, servant, or transformational type of
leader? Analyze the strengths and weaknesses of your approach in the context of this project. Leadership and Group collaboration Nursing essay letter
• Describe how you would facilitate collaboration to maximize team effectiveness. You might
consider:
o Communication technologies.
o Practices (accountability, decision making, delegating).
o Techniques for sharing information and ideas.
o Any others ideas you might have.
Remember this information will be shared with the clinic director so keep it clear, focused,
and professional. Creativity is important; however, we want to be sure that your ideas and
approaches align with current health care organization trends and practices, so include
references from current academic or professional resources to support your points.
I have confidence in you!
Lynnette
2
\f CAPELLA UNIVERSITY
3

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Assessment 1 Response Letter

Dear….,

Effective leadership is important in setting a clear vision and effective communication for the team. With effective leadership, a team easily achieves its objective and delivers its roles. Therefore, the team will require effective leadership to ensure the team members understand their role and objectives of the team and thus ensure the team achieves its objectives (Rosen et al., 2018). The project involves addressing diversity issues and thus the team needs a leader who will forge the team towards addressing diversity. Leadership and Group collaboration Nursing essay letter

The leader I would select to lead such a project is Martin Luther King. Martin Luther King’s leadership to end racism within the US, inspired and continue to inspire so many people globally. He depicted leadership styles and skills such as transformational leadership style, confidence, collaborative leader, effective communication, ability to influence change, passionate and persistence. Using these leadership skills, Martin Luther King was able to garner support worldwide and inspire people to join his cause.

One characteristic that made Martin Luther King a successful leader is the ability to inspire and influence followers using a transformational leadership style. According to Afzal et al (2018), transformational leaders can envision the required changes and influence other people to own and support the change. Similarly, I also believe in supporting and inspiring my team members and followers towards achieving the targeted change and objectives.

To lead the team, I would ensure there is open communication and foster transparency in the team. This can foster trust, teamwork, and collaboration in the team. I would thus ensure that I keep all communication channels open and treat all team members equally without favoring any team member. Active listening is part of effective communication and therefore I would listen to all members of the team and ensure they express themselves freely. This would promote and encourage team members to explore new ideas and freely share their innovative ideas (Rosen et al., 2018).

The leadership style I would adopt to lead the team is transformational. Transformational leaders work with teams to identify the required change, creates a vision that guides the change by inspiring and motivating the team members, and then the leader implements the change collaboratively with the team members (Boamah, 2018). By using the transformation leadership style, I would collaboratively work and inspire the team members to address the issue of diversity in the organization. For example, staff members at Lakeland Medical Clinic are not culturally competent and therefore together with the team members, we would identify what needs to be addressed to ensure that the staff members are culturally competent. Leadership and Group collaboration Nursing essay letter

Additionally, through an inspirational leadership style, I would inspire the team members and model the appropriate behaviors and actions necessary in handling diversity issues in the organization. The team members would then look up to how I handle the issue of diversity and then copy the same actions. Motivation is also used by transformational leaders. I would hence motivate the team members while creating a supportive environment that facilitates achieving the set team objectives (Afzal et al., 2018).

Strengths associated with the transformational leadership style are that it fosters collaboration and therefore the team works towards accomplishing a common cause. Transformational leaders are passionate and can influence others by inspiring and motivating team members to achieve their goals. Team members are highly motivated to perform their roles since the leader creates a supportive environment, motivates and inspires them to work collaboratively towards attaining a common cause (Alzahrani & Hasan, 2019). Moreover, there are reduced conflicts among team members and this accelerates goal achievement.  However, the leader can lose control when followers do not agree with the vision for the leader.

To maximize collaboration in the team, I would focus on the use of technologies that allow open communication for all. For example, all the team members would communicate about the issues allied to the project using the same platform such as a WhatsApp group. Such a common communication platform would promote open communication and transparency and foster trust within the team (Bosch & Mansell, 2015). Further, all information about the project should be shared openly with all team members.

Another strategy that would promote collaboration in the team is ensuring that there is shared decision-making in the team. This will make each team member feel valued and own the project. Delegating duties to every team member will also promote collaboration in the team because each team will feel that they are making important contributions to the project (Bosch & Mansell, 2015).

Finally, the set rules governing the group should be uniform for all members to avoid some members feeling favored while others feeling discriminated. All members should be heard and given a listening ear to air their ideas and perspectives. Interdisciplinary teams consist of members with diverse views and competency and all team members should be able to share their diverse views and ideas in the team. Leadership and Group collaboration Nursing essay letter

 

References

Afzal, M., Waqas, A., Farooq, A. and Hussain, M. (2016). The Impact of Transformational Leadership Style on Nurse’s Self-Esteem of Public Hospitals of Lahore Pakistan. International Journal of Social Sciences and Management, 3(4), pp.287-293.

Alzahrani, S. and Hasan, A. (2019). Transformational Leadership Style on Nursing Job Satisfaction Amongst Nurses in Hospital Settings: Findings from Systematic Review. Global Journal of Health Science, 11(6), pp.25-52.

Bosch, B., & Mansell, H. (2015). Interprofessional collaboration in health care: Lessons to be learned from competitive sports. Canadian pharmacists journal: CPJ = Revue des pharmaciens du Canada: RPC, 148(4), 176–179. https://doi.org/10.1177/1715163515588106.

Boamah, S., (2018). Linking nurses’ clinical leadership to patient care quality: The role of transformational leadership and workplace empowerment. Canadian Journal of Nursing Research, 50(1), pp.9-19.

Rosen, M. A., DiazGranados, D., Dietz, A. S., Benishek, L. E., Thompson, D., Pronovost, P. J., & Weaver, S. J. (2018). Teamwork in healthcare: Key discoveries enabling safer, high-quality care. The American psychologist, 73(4), 433– https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0000298.  Leadership and Group collaboration Nursing essay letter

Culture in Nursing Essay Assignment

Culture in Nursing Essay Assignment

Culture in Nursing Essay Assignment

1.  Discuss the cultural beliefs related to delivery of health care from the Haitian and Iranian population.

2.  Discuss any differences and/or similarities in the delivery of health care in both culture.

3.  How religious beliefs influence the delivery of health care in both.  Give at least one example.

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As stated in the syllabus and instructed here, please present the assignment in a word document Arial 12 font attached to the threat in the discussion tab of the blackboard under week 8.  A minimum of 2 evidence based references and 2 replies to any of your peers sustained with the proper references are required.  Please follow the example of the APA page that was sent via email and posted in the announcement tab of the blackboard at the beginning of the course.  A minimum of 500 words excluding the first and references page are required.  If you are unable to present the assignment in the due date please let me know at least 2 days before the due date.  Time after the due date have passed will not be granted.  Culture in Nursing Essay Assignment

 

ADHD SOAP Note example

ADHD SOAP Note example

ADHD SOAP Note example

SOAP Note for Attention-Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in an 8 Year-Old Caucasian Boy

Patient: A.F.                Age: 8             Gender: Male              Race: Caucasian

SUBJECTIVE

CC: The mother to the eight-year old boy states that her son has been displaying abnormal behavior in that he is continually moving around and is unable to concentrate for long on any task. She has also received reports from school that the boy is excessively disruptive and cannot finish work given to him by the teachers.

HPI: The patient is an 8 year-old Caucasian male child with hyperactivity, inattention, and impulsivity that started one month ago and is becoming more intense. It is not associated with a lack of understanding instructions on the part of the child. The mother reports that the child is also not really defiant. The symptoms occur at any time of the day and are only momentarily relieved by reprimanding. The mother rates the severity of the symptoms at 8/10 on a scale of 1-10 ADHD SOAP Note example.

Current medications: The child is not on any medications at the moment.

Allergies: He is allergic to penicillin. Mother reports that he is not allergic to any other medication, foods, or environmental factors.

Past Medical History: He had pneumonia at age 3 which was successfully treated as an in-patient. Given BCG, tetanus/ Diptheria/ Pertussis, and measles vaccines (2012-2013), influenza vaccine (2017), and pneumonia vaccine (2015). The mother reports that he has no history of malaria or meningitis. He also has not suffered any head injury in the past.

Social History: The boy is the second born in a family of four. The elder sibling is a girl aged twelve and she has no medical or mental problems. The father is a computer engineer and the mother is a nurse. The father smokes but drinks only occasionally. The mother neither drinks nor smokes.

Family History: There is no history of mental illness in the family, both from the father’s side and the mother’s side.

Review of Systems (ROS)

Constitutionals: Patient denies feeling hot/ warm. Mother also denies any weight loss in the boy. She however reports excessive hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattention not accompanied by lack of comprehension. He has no sleep difficulties.

HEENT: The boy reports no dry eyes, itching, or pain. He has no photophobia. He reports no hearing loss, no tinnitus, and is not sneezing. He also has no runny nose and no sore throat.

Respiratory: He has no difficulty in breathing, is not coughing, and has no phlegm.

Cardiovascular: He has no chest discomfort, pain, or palpitations.

Gastrointestinal: Mother reports no vomiting, lack of appetite, or diarrhea.

Genitourinary: The boy denies any burning sensation on urination. No polyuria.

Musculoskeletal: He denies any muscle pain or stiffness.

Neurologic: He denies any headache, instability while walking, numbness, or a change in bladder and/ or bowel control.

Psychiatric: Mother reports that the child has a history of abnormal lack of concentration and hyperactivity. She however denies noting any depressive or anxiety symptoms in him.

Hematologic/ Lymphatic: Both mother and son deny any abnormal bleeding or fatigue. No enlarged nodes.

Endocrine: Mother and son deny excessive urination (polyuria) or excessive water intake (polydipsia). They also deny excessive sweating or heat intolerance.

Allergic/ Immunologic: Mother denies any history of eczema or asthma. Also denies any other seasonal allergies.

OBJECTIVE

Constitutional: The boy is well-groomed and well-nourished. Vital signs: Heart rate: 90; Respiratory rate: 20; Temperature: 98.6°F; Blood pressure: 110/70; Height: 51 inches; Weight: 56 lb; BMI: 15.1 (BMI-for-age at the 33rd percentile). The child has healthy weight (CDC, 2018).

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HEENT: Head normocephalic and atraumatic with normal contours. Both pupils equal, round, and reactive to light and accommodation (PERRLA). Intact extraocular muscles. Nasal sinus passages non-tender on palpation. Intact tympanic membrane with no discharge or redness. No halitosis. No exudates in throat.

Neurologic: Cranial nerves are intact with normal symmetric reflexes. Alert and oriented in time, space, person, and place. No motor, sensory, or focal deficit noted.

Psychiatric: Mood congruent with content. Responses hasty but appropriate. Appropriately groomed. Fidgety and restless. Unable to maintain eye contact and concentrate for long.

Diagnostic Laboratory and other Tests: (1) DSM-5 criteria for ADHD. The boy met criteria 1 and 2 for inattention together with hyperactivity and impulsivity (APA, 2013); (2) Blood lead metal levels to rule out lead poisoning which causes similar symptoms (Stahl, 2013); (3) Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham version IV scale teacher form or SNAP-IV to confirm ADHD (Swanson, 2013); (4) Full blood count to rule out any systemic infections (Hammer & McPhee, 2018; Huether & McCance, 2017).

ASSESSMENT

            The differential diagnoses are:

  1. ADHD with combined presentation (314.01[F90.2]). This is the first and most likely diagnosis because the child meets the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for ADHD (APA, 2013; Stahl, 2013).
  2. Autism spectrum disorder (APA, 2013).
  3. Oppositional defiant disorder (APA, 2013).

PLAN

  1. Behavioral therapy for both the child and the mother, social skills training, cognitive behavioral therapy, and psycho-education (Corey, 2013).
  2. Medication (stimulant). Start methylphenidate (Focalin) 2.5 mg twice a day (Katzung, 2018; Stahl, 2017).
  3. Alternative therapies: (1) A healthy and balanced diet, and (2) Omega-3 vitamin supplements (NHS, 2018).

Health Promotion

The mother should join a support group of parents with children suffering from ADHD in order not to feel as an isolated case. She should also be familiar with the side effects of the Focalin so that she can report them promptly when they occur. Lastly, she should talk to the teachers at school and let them know what her son is suffering from and that he is on medication and therapy (NHS, 2018).

Follow-Up

This will be after four weeks to assess the response to medication and therapy instituted.

Reflection

This experience teaches that ADHD is a condition that can affect the life of a child with lasting implications. It may also be tricky to diagnose because there are other conditions that closely mimic it. Another lesson learnt is that behavioral therapy is an important part of the management of this condition. In this, both the parents and the child should undergo therapy for the best chance of success in remission.     

 

 

 

References

American Psychiatric Association [APA] (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), 5th ed. Arlington, VA: Author.

Centres for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC] (October 22, 2018). BMI percentile calculator for child and teen. Retrieved 1 April 2020 from https://www.cdc.gov/healthyweight/bmi/calculator.html

Corey, G. (2013). Theory and practice of counseling and psychotherapy, 9th ed. Belmont, CA: Cengage Learning.

Hammer, D.G., & McPhee, S.J. (Eds). (2018). Pathophysiology of disease: An introduction to clinical medicine, 8th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education.

Huether, S.E. & McCance, K.L. (2017). Understanding pathophysiology, 6th ed. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier, Inc.

Katzung, B.G. (Ed) (2018). Basic and clinical pharmacology, 14th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education.

NHS (May 30, 2018). Attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Retrieved 1 April 2020 from https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-adhd/treatment/

Stahl, S.M. (2017). Stahl’s essential psychopharmacology: Prescriber’s guide, 6th ed. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.

Stahl, S.M. (2013). Stahl’s essential psychopharmacology: Neuroscientific basis and practical application, 4th ed. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.

Swanson, J.M. (2013). Swanson, Nolan and Pelham Teacher and Parent Rating Scale (Snap-IV). Retrieved 1 April 2020 from https://www.mcpap.com/pdf/SNAPIV.pdf

 

Assignment 1: Practicum – SOAP Note #2
Select a patient who you examined during the last 3 weeks. ( we can put 8 years old boy with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder). With this patient in mind, address the following in a SOAP Note:

Subjective: What details did the patient or parent provide regarding the personal and medical history? Include any discrepancies between the details provided by the child and details provided by the parent, as well as possible reasons for these discrepancies.
Objective: What observations did you make during the physical assessment? Include pertinent positive and negative physical exam findings. Describe whether the patient presented with any growth and development or psychosocial issues.
Assessment: What were your differential diagnoses? Provide a minimum of three possible diagnoses. List them from highest priority to lowest priority. What was your primary diagnosis and why?
Plan: What was your plan for diagnostics and primary diagnosis? What was your plan for treatment and management? Include pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic treatments, alternative therapies, and follow-up parameters, as well as a rationale for this treatment and management plan.
Reflection notes: What was your “aha” moment? What would you do differently in a similar patient evaluation?

 


Excellent
Good Fair Poor
Subjective: CC
(1 point)
1 (1%) – 1 (1%) 0 (0%) – 0 (0%)

NA

0 (0%) – 0 (0%)

NA

0 (0%) – 0 (0%)
Subjective: Pertinent positives LOCATES
(10 points)
9 (9%) – 10 (10%)

Includes thorough, accurate, and pertinent positives LOCATES ADHD SOAP Note example

8 (8%) – 8 (8%)

Includes accurate and pertinent positives LOCATES

7 (7%) – 7 (7%)

Includes positives LOCATES

0 (0%) – 6 (6%)

Does not include positives LOCATES or positives LOCATES are not pertinent

Subjective: Pertinent negatives (from ROS)
(10 points)
9 (9%) – 10 (10%)

Includes thorough, accurate, and pertinent negatives (from ROS)

8 (8%) – 8 (8%)

Includes accurate and pertinent negatives (from ROS)

7 (7%) – 7 (7%)

Includes negatives (from ROS)

0 (0%) – 6 (6%)

Does not include negatives (from ROS) or negatives (from ROS) are not pertinent

Subjective: Pertinent PMH, SH, and FH
(3 points)
0 (0%) – 3 (3%)

Includes thorough, accurate, and pertinent PMH, SH, and FH

0 (0%) – 0 (0%)

NA

2 (2%) – 2 (2%)

Includes PMH, SH, and FH

0 (0%) – 1 (1%)

Does not include PMH, SH, and FH or PMH, SH, and FH are not pertinent

Subjective: Medications and drug/food allergies are not included
(1 point)
1 (1%) – 1 (1%)

Does not include medications and drug/food allergies

0 (0%) – 0 (0%)

NA

0 (0%) – 0 (0%)

NA

0 (0%) – 0 (0%)

Includes medications and drug/food allergies

Objective: VS including BMI
(2 points)
2 (2%) – 2 (2%)

Includes VS including BMI

0 (0%) – 0 (0%)

NA ADHD SOAP Note example

0 (0%) – 0 (0%)

NA

0 (0%) – 1 (1%)

Does not include VS including BMI

Objective: Heart and lungs
(1 point)
0 (0%) – 1 (1%)

Includes heart and lungs

0 (0%) – 0 (0%)

NA

0 (0%) – 0 (0%)

NA

0 (0%) – 0 (0%)

Does not include heart and lungs

Objective: Systems or specialty exam techniques that are not necessary to arrive at a diagnosis are included.
(5 points)
5 (5%) – 5 (5%)

Includes thorough explanation of systems or specialty exam techniques that are not necessary to arrive at a diagnosis

4 (4%) – 4 (4%)

Includes systems or specialty exam techniques that are not necessary to arrive at a diagnosis

0 (0%) – 0 (0%)

NA

0 (0%) – 3 (3%)

Does not include systems or specialty exam techniques that are not necessary to arrive at a diagnosis

Objective: Systems or specialty exam techniques that are necessary to arrive at your diagnosis are omitted.
(10 points)
9 (9%) – 10 (10%)

Omits systems or specialty exam techniques that are necessary to arrive at your diagnosis

8 (8%) – 8 (8%)

Omits most systems or specialty exam techniques that are necessary to arrive at your diagnosis

7 (7%) – 7 (7%)

Omits some systems or specialty exam techniques that are necessary to arrive at your diagnosis

0 (0%) – 6 (6%)

Does not omit systems or specialty exam techniques that are necessary to arrive at your diagnosis

Objective: Diagnostic test results
(2 points)
2 (2%) – 2 (2%)

Includes diagnostic test results

0 (0%) – 0 (0%)

NA

0 (0%) – 0 (0%)

NA

0 (0%) – 1 (1%)

Does not include diagnostic test results

Assessment: Priority Diagnosis
(30 points – 10 points for each priority diagnosis. If less than 3 are appropriate to include – simply no other diagnoses to consider – you will receive all 30 points. Please do not “stretch” to find 3 if they are not actual possibilities.)
27 (27%) – 30 (30%)

Includes three appropriate priority diagnoses

24 (24%) – 26 (26%)

Includes three appropriate priority diagnoses but some are incorrect or missing

22 (22%) – 23 (23%)

Includes fewer than three priority diagnoses but some are incorrect or missing

0 (0%) – 21 (21%)

Does not include three appropriate diagnoses

Plan: Medications discontinued (“d/c lisinopril 10 mg daily”)
(1 point)
1 (1%) – 1 (1%)

Includes discontinued medications

0 (0%) – 0 (0%)

NA

0 (0%) – 0 (0%)

NA

0 (0%) – 0 (0%)

Does not include discontinued medications

Plan: Medications started (“start Avapro 150 mg daily”)
(2 points)
2 (2%) – 2 (2%)

Includes medications started

0 (0%) – 0 (0%)

NA

0 (0%) – 0 (0%)

NA

0 (0%) – 1 (1%)

Does not include medications started

Plan: Alternative therapies if appropriate (1 point) 0 (0%) – 1 (1%)

Includes alternative therapies if appropriate ADHD SOAP Note example

0 (0%) – 0 (0%)

NA

0 (0%) – 0 (0%)

NA

0 (0%) – 0 (0%)

Does not include alternative therapies if appropriate

Plan: Health Promotion strategies – patient/family education
(3 points)
0 (0%) – 3 (3%)

Includes health promotion strategies – patient/family education

0 (0%) – 0 (0%)

NA

2 (2%) – 2 (2%)

Includes health promotion strategies – patient/family education, but may not be entirely appropriate for the patient/family

0 (0%) – 1 (1%)

Does not include health promotion strategies – patient/family education

Plan: Disease Prevention strategies with timeframe if appropriate
(3 points)
3 (3%) – 3 (3%)

Includes disease prevention strategies with timeframe if appropriate

0 (0%) – 0 (0%)

NA

2 (2%) – 2 (2%)

Includes disease prevention strategies, but does not include timeframe or disease prevention strategies are not appropriate

0 (0%) – 1 (1%)

Does not include disease prevention strategies

Plan: Diagnostic tests ordered with timeframe (now, in 2 weeks, prior to f/u visit in 3 months)
(3 points)
3 (3%) – 3 (3%)

Includes appropriate diagnostic tests ordered with timeframe

0 (0%) – 0 (0%)

NA

2 (2%) – 2 (2%)

Includes diagnostic tests but they may not be appropriate, or the timeframe is incorrect or not included

0 (0%) – 1 (1%)

Does not include diagnostic tests

Plan: Referrals or consultations if appropriate
(1 point)
1 (1%) – 1 (1%)

Includes referrals or consultations if appropriate

0 (0%) – 0 (0%)

NA

0 (0%) – 0 (0%)

NA

0 (0%) – 0 (0%)

Does not include referrals or consultations if appropriate

Plan: Follow-up interval
(1 point)
1 (1%) – 1 (1%)

Includes follow-up interval

0 (0%) – 0 (0%)

NA

0 (0%) – 0 (0%)

NA

0 (0%) – 0 (0%)

Does not include follow-up interval

Reflection Notes: What did you learn from this experience? Any ah-ha’s?
(10 points)
0 (0%) – 10 (10%)

Response includes thoughtful and insightful explanation of significant learnings

8 (8%) – 8 (8%)

Response includes thoughtful and insightful explanation of learnings ADHD SOAP Note example

7 (7%) – 7 (7%)

Response includes explanation of learnings

0 (0%) – 6 (6%)

Response does not include explanation of learnings

Total Points: 100

 

Vulnerable groups paper

Vulnerable groups paper

Comment on the following vulnerable groups paper post;

At-risk groups include groups of individuals that have high chances of contracting diseases or illnesses. An example of this would be adolescents and young adults. These groups are less likely to use protection with sexual activity. They are also at increased risk for using drugs and alcohol due to peer pressure. More at-risk groups include drug addicts, persons with multiple sex partners, and prostitutes (Smith 198). These groups become vulnerable in their community and then become at-risk because of the situation they are in.

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“Vulnerable” groups

Vulnerable groups include the elderly, infants, disabled, ill, and poor people (Smith 6). These groups of people are vulnerable to disease and illness and can’t help

themselves from debilitations in health.

Both groups have trouble advocating for themselves. Adolescents and young adults tend to shy away from healthcare whether it’s because of embarrassment, poor access, or oblivion. Infants cannot speak for themselves and may have caretakers that are able/willing to speak for them. The elderly often get “lost” in the system and have poor access to healthcare (much like infants). Disabled, ill, and the poor often don’t have access to healthcare as well or they have no one to help them.

 

I would advocate for healthcare for all communities. I would make access to health facilities more available for those in poorer communities. I would encourage free/low-cost preventative healthcare to poorer communities. I would also encourage access to sexual health for adolescents and young adults through schools and community clinics. I work with the elderly and always make sure they are well taken care of and if they are having trouble accessing the appropriate information, I am sure to get in touch with someone

that can help.

Everyone deserves access to their health.

Smith, Maurer a. Community/Public Health Nursing Practice: Health for Families and Populations, 4th    Edition. W.B. Saunders Company, 102008. VitalBook file.

Cultural competency in nursing essay

Cultural competency in nursing essay

Comment on the following cultural competency in nursing essay post;

Culture has a great impact on a person’s thinking and behavior. Culture also influences how a person may view and approach their own health, as well as their unique lifestyle choices that will affect their health. Nurses who practice culturally competent care are respectfully caring for patients by keeping the context of the patients’ culture and/or belief systems at the forefront of their minds. Community health nurses can become skilled at cultural competency through keeping an open mind, and be open to staying in a state of continuous learning as they strengthen their skills, and receive new knowledge about cultural practices of others as they relate to health. Nurses must also be willing to remain honest in their assessment of their own ignorance or biases. The three practices that nurses can use to demonstrate cultural competency are: cultural preservation, cultural accommodation and cultural repatterning. Cultural competency in nursing essay

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Cultural preservation involves the nurse supporting cultural health practices that contain both practical usage and scientific evidence for their effectiveness. One example is how acupuncture practiced in many Asian cultures.

Cultural accommodation is the practice of supporting and encouraging cultural practices that are may not have scientific proof of their effectiveness, yet these practices are not necessarily harmful either. Cultures that place great emphasis on belief of spirits, such as Mexican and other Asian cultures may do rituals such as putting totems near a babies, or coffins with the deceased so as to honor the belief that these items will be with the deceased in their afterlife (Huebner, 2009). Cultural competency in nursing essay.

Cultural repatterning is more difficult to practice as this activity involves the nurses inoffensively making efforts to deter from cultural health practices that are actively harmful. The next step is to attempt to encourage the patient to find an alternative method. (Huebner, 2009).Genital mutilation may be one example.

A familiar roadblock to cultural competency is that of ignorance. Prejudice and a sheltered life also pose barriers. Nurses who have lived in communities that are homogeneous, with little exposure to those of different cultures are more likely to harbor prejudices, even if they are unconscious. They may also be resistant to emphasizing with those of other cultures, different socioeconomic class and educational levels (Maurer & Smith, 2012). Empathy is one of the greatest tools a nurse has to offer, and should be practiced amongst all patients. An example may be a strong nationalist and religious nurse who is prejudiced against non-Christians and is suspicious of patient who is Muslim and wears religious head coverings. cultural competency in nursing essay.

References:

Huber, L. (2009). Making community health care culturally correct. American Nurse Today, 4(5). Retrieved October 17, 2017, from http://www.americannursetoday.com/making-community-health-care-culturally-correct/

Maurer, F. & Smith, C. (2012). Community/public health nursing practice (4th ed.). St. Louis, MI: Elsevier. Cultural competency in nursing essay

Effectiveness of Behavioral Theories Essay Assignment

Effectiveness of Behavioral Theories Essay Assignment

Health education and health promotion programs focus on changing health behavior. Public health interventions are increasingly using theoretical frameworks to guide the design, implementation, and evaluation components to achieve behavior change and increase the health of the community. Effectiveness of Behavioral Theories Essay Assignment

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From the assigned readings this week, review the following Web resource:

Based on your research, select a behavior change theory and provide an example of how that theory applies to a health promotion program. Then, respond to the following:

  • Describe the effectiveness of behavioral theories in bringing about behavior change in a health promotion program.
  • In the example you cite, examine the factors that led to the decision to apply your chosen theory to the specific health promotion program.
  • Describe how the health promotion program was designed to incorporate the elements of this theory.

Support your effectiveness of behavioral theories essay assignment statements with appropriate examples and scholarly references.

Social Determinants Impacting Public Health Essay

Social Determinants Impacting Public Health Essay

Social determinants of health have a significant impact on public health issues. They are the social, economic, and environmental conditions that are not distributed equally among populations. Those living in poverty and unsanitary living conditions are usually more susceptible to disease. Inaccessible healthcare systems and an unstable government without policies to address these disparities also contribute to the burden of disease.

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From the assigned readings this week, review the following Web resource:

Respond to the following:

  • Evaluate the social determinants that may impact current public health issues within the U.S.
  • Select a current public health issue in the U.S. and describe the social determinant that impacts the issue.
  • Describe existing practices that are in place to improve economic or social determinants. What additional measures can you recommend?
  • In your opinion, analyze whether more can be done to address the issue. Include an analysis of whether policy creates interference.

Support your statements with appropriate examples and scholarly references.

Behavioral theories and public health

Behavioral theories and public health

Part 1: Effectiveness of Behavioral Theories

Health education and health promotion programs focus on changing health behavior. Public health interventions are increasingly using theoretical frameworks to guide the design, implementation, and evaluation components to achieve behavior change and increase the health of the community. Behavioral theories and public health

ORDER A PLAGIARISM-FREE PAPER NOW

From the assigned readings this week, review the following Web resource:

Based on your research, select a behavior change theory and provide an example of how that theory applies to a health promotion program. Then, respond to the following:

  • Describe the effectiveness of behavioral theories in bringing about behavior change in a health promotion program.
  • In the example you cite, examine the factors that led to the decision to apply your chosen theory to the specific health promotion program.
  • Describe how the health promotion program was designed to incorporate the elements of this theory. Behavioral theories and public health

Support your statements with appropriate examples and scholarly references.

Part 2: Social Determinants Impacting Public Health

Social determinants of health have a significant impact on public health issues. They are the social, economic, and environmental conditions that are not distributed equally among populations. Those living in poverty and unsanitary living conditions are usually more susceptible to disease. Inaccessible healthcare systems and an unstable government without policies to address these disparities also contribute to the burden of disease.

From the assigned readings this week, review the following Web resource:

Respond to the following:

  • Evaluate the social determinants that may impact current public health issues within the U.S.
  • Select a current public health issue in the U.S. and describe the social determinant that impacts the issue.
  • Describe existing practices that are in place to improve economic or social determinants. What additional measures can you recommend?
  • In your opinion, analyze whether more can be done to address the issue. Include an analysis of whether policy creates interference.

Support your statements with appropriate examples and scholarly references. Behavioral theories and public health

Adolescent Suicide Essay

Adolescent Suicide Essay

Comment on the following adolescent suicide essay post;

While it is a difficult and sensitive subject to discuss, adolescent suicide is a real issue that must be addressed. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, in 2015 suicide was the third leading cause of death among people between the ages of 10 and 14, and it was the second leading cause of death among those between the ages of 15 and 34. (CDC, 2017) Recognition of the signs and symptoms, as well as contributing factors, is an important part of preventing this from occurring. Some signs that may be noticeable include talking about dying, changes in normal behavior or personality, changes in sleep patterns including insomnia and nightmares, changes in appetite, or fear of losing control. (Kaslow, 2014) Risk factors for suicide include recent losses, drug or alcohol use, previous suicide attempts, a current mental health illness, feelings of hopelessness, helplessness, guilt, or even worthlessness. (Kaslow, 2014)

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When looking at primary means of preventing suicide, educating adolescents about the risk factors and building their resiliency to suicide is the goal to helping prevent this from occurring. (Caldwell, 2008) Secondary prevention involves early intervention once the risk factors have emerged to prevent suicidal actions. (Caldwell, 2008) This is a critical step in the process of assisting those struggling with these thoughts. Tertiary preventions are designed to keep these adolescents safe once any self-harming behaviors have started (Caldwell, 2008) which may include seeing Crisis Intervention or seeking treatment through inpatient or outpatient mental health services.Adolescent Suicide Essay

There are numerous resources available to assist anyone that is having suicidal ideation. A local service in my area is Crisis Intervention. There are people available to talk on the phone to coach and help those who are in need. People can even some into our local hospitals and they have staff who serve as Crisis Intervention specialists to meet with patients about their concerns. Another service that is available is the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline which “is a national network of local crisis centers that provides free and confidential emotional support to people in suicidal crisis or emotional distress 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.” (National Suicide Prevention Lifeline, n.d.) There are many more services available for those in need and more education for the public on the services available is needed to help save lives.

As the nurse working with an adolescent that I suspected might be depressed, I would implement several interventions. First, I would do my best to build a therapeutic rapport with them to open the dialog for further assessment. I would have the discussion with them about their mental state and if they were feeling depressed or ever had suicidal thoughts. I would also discuss with them the stressors and resources that are available to assist them. I would also make sure the parents or guardian for the adolescent was understanding of the risk factors and signs of depression and suicidal ideation and when to seek help. I would encourage them to discuss these feeling with their primary care provider and make sure they were aware of the resources available to assist them as well as treatment options. As stated earlier, early intervention is essential for improved outcomes which would be my primary goal.

Caldwell, D. (2008). The suicide prevention continuum. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2936581/

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2017). 10 leading causes of death, United States 2015, all races, both sexes. Retrieved from https://webappa.cdc.gov/cgi-bin/broker.exe

Kaslow, N. J. (2014). Suicidal behavior in children and adolescents. Retrieved from https://www.apa.org/about/governance/president/suicidal-behavior-adolescents.pdf

National Suicide Prevention Lifeline. (n.d.). National Suicide Prevention Lifeline. Retrieved from https://suicidepreventionlifeline.org/Adolescent Suicide Essay