Global Healthcare Comparison Assignment

Global Healthcare Comparison Assignment

Examine a global health issue and consider the approach to this issue by the United States and by one other country. Global Healthcare Comparison Assignment

To Prepare:

  • Review the World Health Organization’s (WHO) global health agenda and select one global health issue to focus on for this Assignment.
  • Select at least one additional country to compare to the U.S. for this Assignment.
  • Reflect on how the global health issue you selected is approached in the U.S. and in the additional country you selected.
  • Review and download the Global Health Comparison Matrix provided in the Resources.

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3 References and APA Format

The Assignment: (1- to 2-page Global Health Comparison Matrix; 1-page Plan for Social Change)

Part 1: Global Health Comparison Matrix

Focusing on the country you selected and the U.S., complete the Global Health Comparison Matrix. Be sure to address the following:

  • Consider the U.S. national/federal health policies that have been adapted for the global health issue you selected from the WHO global health agenda. Compare these policies to the additional country you selected for study.
  • Explain the strengths and weaknesses of each policy.
  • Explain how the social determinants of health may impact the global health issue you selected. Be specific and provide examples.
  • Using the WHO’s Organization’s global health agenda as well as the results of your own research, analyze how each country’s government addresses cost, quality, and access to the global health issue selected.
  • Explain how the health policy you selected might impact the health of the global population. Be specific and provide examples. Global Healthcare Comparison Assignment
  • Explain how the health policy you selected might impact the role of the nurse in each country.
  • Explain how global health issues impact local healthcare organizations and policies in both countries. Be specific and provide examples.

Part 2: A Plan for Social Change

Reflect on the global health policy comparison and analysis you conducted in Part 1 of the Assignment and the impact that global health issues may have on the world, the U.S., your community, as well as your practice as a nurse leader.

In a 1-page response, create a plan for social change that incorporates a global perspective or lens into your local practice and role as a nurse leader.

  • Explain how you would advocate for the incorporation of a global perspective or lens into your local practice and role as a nurse leader.
  • Explain how the incorporation of a global perspective or lens might impact your local practice and role as a nurse leader.
  • Explain how the incorporation of a global perspective or lens into your local practice as a nurse leader represents and contributes to social change. Be specific and provide examples.

Global Healthcare Comparison Assignment

 

CLC – Leadership Styles And Nursing

CLC – Leadership Styles And Nursing

The purpose of this assignment is to assess leadership styles, traits, and practices as a nursing professional, establish the importance of effective interprofessional communication as a leader in nursing, and to explore the role of servant leadership in nursing practice.

Create 3 slide PowerPoint presentation with speaker notes. Add an additional slide for references at the end of your presentation.

Include the following in your presentation:

1. Compare the personal leadership styles of your group members, including commonalities between group members’ strengths and weaknesses. (Coaching/Commanding Leadership, Stephanie: Democratic/Participative Leadership​, Robert: Delegating/”Laissez Faire”  ​, Liliana: Strategic/Problem-solving Leadership​. (1 slide)

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2. Discuss what leadership traits and styles are necessary to be an effective communicator. Explain the importance of leaders adapting communication approaches when working interprofessionally (across ancillary departments, vendors, community members). (2 slides)

You are required to cite to a minimum of three sources to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5 years and appropriate for the assignment criteria and relevant to nursing practice. (1 slide)

You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Refer to the LopesWrite Technical Support articles for assistance.

CLC – Leadership Styles And Nursing

 

 

Qualities Of A Nurse Leader Sample

Qualities Of A Nurse Leader Sample

Assignment Description

Qualities of a Nurse Leader

It is important for nurse leaders to engage with other nurse leaders to understand professional roles; a practice experience is assigned to achieve this end. It is expected that you will spend 8-10 hours with the nurse leader, shadowing them in their position, observing them go about their day, and interviewing them. The interview can take place before, during, or after the shadow period or can be on a different day. Qualities Of A Nurse Leader Sample

You will engage with and interview a nurse leader in person. You should begin thinking about this activity as soon as possible and identify how you will identify and gain access to the interview. You may include photos, graphs, or charts.

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  1. Choose a nurse leader who holds a leadership nursing position in their organization who have direct reports (they supervise other employees). Examples of this include Director of Nursing, Director, Unit Manager. *You may not be employed in the same facility as your interviewee or shadow during personal work hours* (If special accommodations need to be made, approval by your instructor is required first).
  2. Develop an interview guide before conducting the interview. Identify information that you want to know before the interview and plan clarifying questions. You must include at least one question about technology/informatics.
  3. Conduct an interview regarding their professional role in the organization, and a current health care issue that is of interest to you (ethics, conflict management, budget, staffing, culture of safety, “just culture”, career advancement, quality improvement, etc.). Identify the name of the organization and use names of all involved (no anonymity).
  4. Prepare a written report of the interview.

Sample questions below. Feel free to vary the content of the questions to fit your interview:

  • Please describe the nursing and inter-professional teams that operate in this facility/on this unit.
  • Can you provide an example of a nursing practice that has been changed in the last year based on current best evidence?
  • What do you consider your biggest challenge?
  • What do you love most about your job?
  • Why did you choose this job?
  • What other kinds of nursing/other job did you ever do?
  • How would you describe your company’s culture?
  • How would you describe your role in admission and staffing decisions?
  • What is your leadership style?

* If you are employed in a large healthcare facility that has more than one location, you may interview the nurse leader in that organization with prior permission from your instructor. The purpose of this is to get you out of your organization and explore other nursing leadership roles than you might be familiar with. Qualities Of A Nurse Leader Sample

Assignment Expectations:

Length: 1750 words in length; Upload log Separately

Structure: Include a title page and reference page in APA format. These do not count towards the minimum word count for this assignment. Your essay must include an introduction and a conclusion.

References: Use appropriate APA style in-text citations and references for all resources utilized to answer the questions. Your essay should have at least two scholarly references in addition to the textbook. Please be sure to cite the interview in APA format.

Qualities Of A Nurse Leader Sample

 

 

Case Study: Fetal Abnormality/Moral Status

Case Study: Fetal Abnormality/Moral Status

Case Study on Moral Status

Based on “Case Study: Fetal Abnormality” and the required topic study materials, write a 750-1,000-word reflection that answers the following questions: Case Study: Fetal Abnormality/Moral Status

What is the Christian view of the nature of human persons, and which theory of moral status is it compatible with? How is this related to the intrinsic human value and dignity?

Which theory or theories are being used by Jessica, Marco, Maria, and Dr. Wilson to determine the moral status of the fetus? What from the case study specifically leads you to believe that they hold the theory you selected?

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How does the theory determine or influence each of their recommendations for action?

What theory do you agree with? Why? How would that theory determine or influence the recommendation for action?

Here are the expectations for the assignment:

You will need to apply the theories to the fetus, the fetus only and only the fetus and not the characters (this repetition is deliberate). We already have moral status, therefore applying any theory to the persons in the case study will amount to no points no matter how well discussed. We are alive because we have moral status. The assignment question is really asking you: What Moral status would Marco ascribe to the fetus? What is the fetus right to or not to live according to Marco and Why? Think the same way for each person. You are not to focus on the relationship they have with each other. The fetus is the main focus, the fetus and only how they see the fetus. Case Study: Fetal Abnormality/Moral Status

Let’s us think about Marco for a little bit. Marco does apply a theory to the fetus. We are not concerned about how he feels about his wife. We are concerned about how Marco sees the fetus and from there we undoubtedly know which theory Marco would favor.(This is a tip)

As much as possible have a structure to your paper. I recommend an Introduction containing a thesis statement as the last one or two sentences, subheadings for each of the questions asked, and finally a brief conclusion.

I strongly recommend subheadings. I appreciate those who use subheadings. In your everyday reading, your reading is divided into subheadings to keep you focus. So it should be in your writing. Can you imagine reading pages and pages without subheadings? Your subheadings should not be the questions asked in the assignment, just the key points in the question. For example, your first subheading (which comes after your introduction of course) would be: Christian View of the Nature of Persons and Moral Status. Case Study: Fetal Abnormality/Moral Status

 

Mr. J Case Study Essay Sample

Mr. J Case Study Essay Sample

In 750-1,000 words, critically evaluate Mrs. J.’s situation. Include the following: 1.Describe the clinical manifestations present in Mrs. J. 2.Discuss whether the nursing interventions at the time of her admissions were appropriate for Mrs. J. and explain the rationale for each of the medications listed. 3.Mr. J Case Study Essay Sample Describe four cardiovascular conditions that may lead to heart failure and what can be done in the form of medical/nursing interventions to prevent the development of heart failure in each condition. 4.Taking into consideration the fact that most mature adults take at least six prescription medications, discuss four nursing interventions that can help prevent problems caused by multiple drug interactions in older patients. Provide a rationale for each of the interventions you recommend.

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5.Provide a health promotion and restoration teaching plan for Mrs. J., including multidisciplinary resources for rehabilitation and any modifications that may be needed. Explain how the rehabilitation resources and modifications will assist the patients’ transition to independence. 6.Describe a method for providing education for Mrs. J. regarding medications that need to be maintained to prevent future hospital admission. Provide rationale. 7.Outline COPD triggers that can increase exacerbation frequency, resulting in return visits. Considering Mrs. J.’s current and long-term tobacco use, discuss what options for smoking cessation should be offered. Mr. J Case Study Essay Sample

 

Patient Communication Assignment Paper

Patient Communication Assignment Paper

Prepare a 3–4-page report on nurse-patient communication in which you  address types of communication, factors that influence the  communication experience, and how the patient experience affects health  outcomes. Recommend evidence-based strategies to improve nurse-patient  communication and explain how the strategies consider patient  demographics.

Nursing professionals do not only communicate with others within  their organizations—often, they are also the first point of contact with  patients. Thus, nursing professionals need superior communication  skills to explain procedures and medication instructions, as well as to  listen to what patients need to say. Patient Communication Assignment Paper

Clark and Paraska (2014) suggest that understanding how people  communicate is the first step in learning how to teach patients more  effective methods of listening, self-awareness, and self-expression—and  also in identifying barriers in communication. The process of  communication can be difficult, as we can interpret meaning based on a  variety of hidden messages—some conscious and intentional—some not.

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Reference

Clark, C. C., & Paraska, K. K. (2014).  Health promotion for nurses: A practical guide. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett.

Imagine that, in an effort to reduce the number of patient complaints  about nursing staff, organizational leadership has asked your  department to prepare some preliminary research on a number of different  topics. Your topic is patient communication, such as the following:

  • The types of communication that take place between nurses and patients.
  • The factors that can influence both positive and negative experiences.
  • How the experience can impact health care outcomes.
  • Strategies that can improve the communication between nurses and patients.

Preparation

Search the Capella library and the Internet for peer-reviewed  journal articles or other professional resources on the topic of  effective communication with patients. You will need at least 3  resources to support your work in this assessment.

Directions

Prepare a report on patient-nurse communication in which you include the following:

  • Describe the types of communication that take place between  nurses and clients/patients. Do not forget to consider types of  communication beyond verbal and written on paper.
  • Explain the factors that influence positive and negative  experiences during the communication process. (Hint: Consider the  experiences of both the client/patient and the nurse. Also, consider  things such as age, gender, culture, and so on, of both the  client/patient and the nurse.)
  • Explain how the client/patient experience can impact health care outcomes. Patient Communication Assignment Paper
  • Recommend evidence-based strategies for improving communication between client/patients and nurses.
  • Explain how the strategies consider different client/patient demographics.

Format this assessment as a report that you would give to your  supervisor. It may be helpful for you to review how your organization  formats internal reports and incorporate your findings. You are still  required to adhere to APA guidelines for in-text citations and  references, as well as for formatting your reference page.

Additional Requirements

  • Include a title page and a reference page.
  • Ensure your assessment is 3–4 pages in length.
  • Use double-spaced, 12-pt., Times New Roman font.

Patient Communication Assignment Paper

 

 

Differential Diagnosis For Skin Conditions

Differential Diagnosis For Skin Conditions

Also, for the skin disorder, you will chose a skin disorder,  You will give CC one sentence.  HPI   example:     A 75 yo woman presents today with itchy red rash.  Give location, description, onset, assorciating or alleviating factors.    You can also use the soap note template that is attached  as guide, PMH, allergies, meds. ROS  ect.    Please let me know if you have any questions or concerns.

  • Differential Diagnosis For Skin Conditions
  • Your soap note template can also be found in the resource under week 4 which is to the right of the page. One can chose which ever picture. Download the SOAP Template found in this week’s Learning Resources, and use this template to complete this Lab Assignment.

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The Lab Assignment

  • Choose one skin condition graphic (identify by number in your Chief Complaint) to document your assignment in the SOAP (Subjective, Objective, Assessment, and Plan) note format rather than the traditional narrative style. Refer to Chapter 2 of the Sullivan text and the Comprehensive SOAP Template in this week’s Learning Resources for guidance. Remember that not all comprehensive SOAP data are included in every patient case.
  • Use clinical terminologies to explain the physical characteristics featured in the graphic. Formulate a differential diagnosis of three to five possible conditions for the skin graphic that you chose. Determine which is most likely to be the correct diagnosis and explain your reasoning using at least three different references, one reference from current evidence-based literature from your search and two different references from this week’s Learning Resources. Also, please access your grading rubric..
By Day 7 of Week 4

soap note template.docx

Properly identifying the cause and type of a patient’s skin condition involves a process of elimination known as differential diagnosis. Using this process, a health professional can take a given set of physical abnormalities, vital signs, health assessment findings, and patient descriptions of symptoms, and incrementally narrow them down until one diagnosis is determined as the most likely cause.

In this Lab Assignment, you will examine several visual representations of various skin conditions, describe your observations, and use the techniques of differential diagnosis to determine the most likely condition.

To Prepare

  • Review the Skin Conditions document provided in this week’s Learning Resources, and select one condition to closely examine for this Lab Assignment.
  • Consider the abnormal physical characteristics you observe in the graphic you selected. How would you describe the characteristics using clinical terminologies?
  • Differential Diagnosis For Skin Conditions
  • Explore different conditions that could be the cause of the skin abnormalities in the graphics you selected.
  • Consider which of the conditions is most likely to be the correct diagnosis, and why.
  • Search the Walden library for one evidence-based practice, peer-reviewed article based on the skin condition you chose for this Lab Assignment.
  • Review the Comprehensive SOAP Exemplar found in this week’s Learning Resources to guide you as you prepare your SOAP note.
  • Download the SOAP Template found in this week’s Learning Resources, and use this template to complete this Lab Assignment.

The Lab Assignment

  • Choose one skin condition graphic (identify by number in your Chief Complaint) to document your assignment in the SOAP (Subjective, Objective, Assessment, and Plan) note format rather than the traditional narrative style. Refer to Chapter 2 of the Sullivan text and the Comprehensive SOAP Template in this week’s Learning Resources for guidance. Remember that not all comprehensive SOAP data are included in every patient case.
  • Use clinical terminologies to explain the physical characteristics featured in the graphic. Formulate a differential diagnosis of three to five possible conditions for the skin graphic that you chose. Determine which is most likely to be the correct diagnosis and explain your reasoning using at least three different references, one reference from current evidence-based literature from your search and two different references from this week’s Learning Resources. Differential Diagnosis For Skin Conditions

 

 

Assessment 1 Instructions: Preliminary Care Coordination Plan

Assessment 1 Instructions: Preliminary Care Coordination Plan

Develop a 3-4-page preliminary care coordination plan for an individual in your community with whom you choose to work. Identify and list available community resources for a safe and effective continuum of care.

NOTE: You are required to complete this assessment before Assessment 4.

The first step in any effective project or clinical patient encounter is planning. This assessment provides an opportunity for you to strengthen your understanding of how to plan and negotiate the coordination of care for an individual in your community as you consider the patient’s unique needs; the ethical, cultural, and physiological factors that affect care; and the critical resources available in your community that are the foundation of a safe plan for the continuum of care.

As you begin to prepare this assessment, you are encouraged to complete the Care Coordination Planning activity. Completion of this will provide useful practice, particularly for those of you who do not have care coordination experience in community settings. The information gained from completing this activity will help you succeed with the assessment. Completing formatives is also a way to demonstrate engagement. Assessment 1 Instructions: Preliminary Care Coordination Plan

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Demonstration of Proficiency

By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the course competencies through the following assessment scoring guide criteria:

  • Competency 1: Adapt care based on patient-centered and person-focused factors.
    • Analyze a health concern and the associated best practices for health improvement.
  • Competency 2: Collaborate with patients and family to achieve desired outcomes.
    • Establish mutually agreed-upon health goals for a care coordination plan, in collaboration with the patient.
  • Competency 3: Create a satisfying patient experience.
    • Identify available community resources for a safe and effective continuum of care.
  • Competency 6: Apply professional, scholarly communication strategies to lead patient-centered care.
    • Write clearly and concisely in a logically coherent and appropriate form and style.

Preparation

Imagine that you are a staff nurse in a community care center. Your facility has always had a dedicated case management staff that coordinated the patient plan of care, but recently, there were budget cuts and the case management staff has been relocated to the inpatient setting. Care coordination is essential to the success of effectively managing patients in the community setting, so you have been asked by your nurse manager to take on the role of care coordination. You are a bit unsure of the process, but you know you will do a good job because, as a nurse, you are familiar with difficult tasks. As you take on this expanded role, you will need to plan effectively in addressing the specific health concerns of community residents.

As you assume your expanded care coordination role, you have been tasked with addressing the specific health concerns of a particular individual within the community. You decide to prepare a preliminary care coordination plan and proceed by identifying the patient’s three priorities for health and by investigating the resources available in your community for a safe and effective continuum of care.

To prepare for this assessment, you may wish to:

  • Review the assessment instructions and scoring guide to ensure that you understand the work you will be asked to complete.
  • Allow plenty of time to plan your patient clinical encounter.
  • Be sure that you have a patient in mind that you can work with throughout the course.

Note: Remember that you can submit all, or a portion of, your draft plan to Smarthinking Tutoring for feedback, before you submit the final version for this assessment. If you plan on using this free service, be mindful of the turnaround time of 24–48 hours for receiving feedback.

Instructions

Note: You are required to complete this assessment before Assessment 4.

This assessment has two parts.

Part 1: Develop the Preliminary Care Coordination Plan

Complete the following:

  • Identify a health concern as the focus of your care coordination plan. Possible health concerns may include, but are not limited to:
    • Stroke.
    • Heart disease (high blood pressure, stroke, or heart failure).
    • Home safety.
    • Pulmonary disease (COPD or fibrotic lung disease).
    • Orthopedic concerns (hip replacement or knee replacement). Assessment 1 Instructions: Preliminary Care Coordination Plan
    • Cognitive impairment (Alzheimer’s disease or dementia).
    • Pain management.
    • Mental health.
    • Trauma.
  • Identify available community resources for a safe and effective continuum of care.
Part 2: Secure Individual Participation in the Activity

Complete the following:

  • Contact local individuals who may be open to an interview and a care coordination plan addressing their health concerns. The person you choose to work with may be a colleague, community member, friend, or family member.
  • Meet with the individual to describe the care coordination plan session that you intend to provide. Collaborate with the participant in setting goals for the session, evaluating session outcomes, and suggesting possible revisions to the plan.
  • Establish a tentative date and time for the care coordination plan session. Document the name of the individual and a single point of contact, either an e-mail address or a phone number.
Document Format and Length

For your care coordination plan, you may use the Care Coordination Plan Template [DOCX], choose a format used in your own organization, or choose a format you are familiar with that adequately serves your needs for this assessment.

  • Your preliminary plan should be 3–4 pages in length. In a separate section of the plan, identify the person you have chosen to work with, and be sure to include his or her contact information.
  • Document the community resources you have identified using the Community Resources Template [DOCX].
Supporting Evidence

Cite at least two credible sources from peer-reviewed journals or professional industry publications that support your preliminary plan.

Grading Requirements

The requirements, outlined below, correspond to the grading criteria in the Preliminary Care Coordination Plan Scoring Guide, so be sure to address each point. Read the performance-level descriptions for each criterion to see how your work will be assessed.

  • Analyze your selected health concern and the associated best practices for health improvement.
    • Cite supporting evidence for best practices.
    • Consider underlying assumptions and points of uncertainty in your analysis.
  • Establish mutually agreed-upon health goals for the care coordination plan, in collaboration with the selected individual.
  • Identify available community resources for a safe and effective continuum of care. Assessment 1 Instructions: Preliminary Care Coordination Plan
  • Write clearly and concisely in a logically coherent and appropriate form and style.
    • Write with a specific purpose with your patient in mind.
    • Adhere to scholarly and disciplinary writing standards and current APA formatting requirements.
Additional Requirements

Before submitting your assessment, proofread your preliminary care coordination plan and community resources list to minimize errors that could distract readers and make it more difficult for them to focus on the substance of your plan. Be sure to submit both documents.

CORE ELMS

Important note: The time you spend securing individual participation in this activity and the time you spend presenting your final care coordination plan to the patient in Assessment 4 must total at least three hours. Be sure to log your time in the CORE ELMS system. The CORE ELMS link is located in the courseroom navigation menu.

Portfolio Prompt: Save your presentation to your ePortfolio. Submissions to the ePortfolio will be part of your final Capstone course. Assessment 1 Instructions: Preliminary Care Coordination Plan

Week 3:Quality Healthcare: Measuring NP Performance

Week 3:Quality Healthcare: Measuring NP Performance

Purpose

The purpose of this assignment is to have students research the measurement tools of NP performance.  Through the use of quality patient outcomes, student will list and discuss three different patient interventions and how  they would specifically measure the outcomes and h o w these primary care interventions result in improved patient outcomes and cost savings for the practice .  In addition,  students will discuss how these interventions result in improved patient ratings .  Week 3:Quality Healthcare: Measuring NP Performance

Activity Learning Outcomes

Through this assignment, the student will demonstrate the ability to:

  1. Employ strategies to impact the development, implementation, and consequences of holistic healthcare policies using evidence-based practice principles (CO1)
  2. Critically analyze how healthcare systems and APRN practice are organized and influenced by ethical, legal, economic and political factors (CO2)
  3. Demonstrate professional and personal growth concerning the advocacy role of the advanced practice nursing in fostering policy within diverse healthcare settings (CO3)
  4. Analyze social, historical, ethical and political contexts of healthcare policies and advanced practice leadership (CO4)
  5. Advocate for institutional, local, national and international policies that fosters person-centered healthcare and nursing practice (CO5)

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Requirements:

The National Committee for Quality Assurance (NCQA) was formed to ensure quality of patient care and measurement of patient outcomes with set standards.

Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set (HEDIS) is a performance measurement tool used by millions of health insurance plans. There are 6 domains of care:

  • Effectiveness of Care.
  • Access/Availability of Care.
  • Experience of Care.
  • Utilization and Risk Adjusted Utilization.
  • Health Plan Descriptive Information.
  • Measures Collected Using Electronic Clinical Data Systems Week 3:Quality Healthcare: Measuring NP Performance

You may access the 6 domains of care by clicking this link:

(NCQA, n.d. https://www.ncqa.org/hedis/ (Links to an external site.))

As an APN, productivity will be an important measurement for the practice to determine reimbursement and salary. Fee-for-service practices will require a set number of patients per day to maintain productivity. A capitated practice will require the APN to have a large panel of patients but also will focus on controlling costs. This can be accomplished through effective primary care that is accessible, convenient for the patients and has a method of measuring quality of care.

Write a formal paper in APA format with title page, introduction, the three required elements below, conclusion and reference page.

You are now employed as an NP in primary care. Choose one performance measure from one of the six domains of care, i.e. Adult BMI Assessment, Prenatal and Postpartum care, etc.

Develop three different patient interventions for that one performance measure and how you would specifically implement the intervention and measure the outcomes for that particular performance measure in clinical practice.

How would these primary care interventions result in improved patient outcomes and health care cost savings? Week 3:Quality Healthcare: Measuring NP Performance

How can these interventions result in improved NP patient ratings?

Categorys:

List and discuss three different patient interventions and how you would specifically measure the outcomes. (From the National Committee for Quality Assurance (NCQA) website, discuss three patient interventions for the one performance measure.

Develop a measurement tool to track patient outcomes.)

How would these primary care interventions result in improved patient outcomes and cost savings for the practice?  (Discuss how the interventions can result in improved patient outcomes and cost savings for the practice.)

How can these interventions result in improved patient ratings? (Discuss how these interventions can result in improved patient ratings (an NP’s patient scorecard). Week 3:Quality Healthcare: Measuring NP Performance

 

Ethics Assessment 2: Matrix Of Ethical Theories

Ethics Assessment 2: Matrix Of Ethical Theories

Write a 2-3 page paper that explains and defends your view on the issue of whether or not patients with no other treatment options have a moral right to unproven drugs. Ethics Assessment 2: Matrix Of Ethical Theories

Introduction

Many doctors, nurses, medical technicians, and other health care workers are involved in medical research. The field of medicine is not limited to the direct treatment of patients but also involves the continued expansion of medical research. A large part of such research is clinical research, which puts patients into the role of experimental subjects. This raises a number of challenging questions for health care ethics, many of which follow from the fact that physicians, nurses, and others involved in clinical research have a dual role. As researchers, they are committed to generating new knowledge about diseases, developing new treatments and drug therapies, and, in general, helping to improve the welfare of human beings by eliminating or controlling diseases and increasing longevity. However, researchers involved in clinical research must also be committed to the highest quality care for individual patients taking part in research studies. This assessment explores some of the ethical issues that clinical research raises and some of the safeguards in place to protect the interests of patients involved in research.

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Demonstration of Proficiency

By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and assessment criteria:

  • Competency 1: Articulate ethical issues in health care.
    • Explain how the principle of informed consent is relevant to these issues.
    • Explain the costs and benefits of offering unapproved experimental drugs to patients.
  • Competency 2: Apply sound ethical thinking related to a health care issue.  Ethics Assessment 2: Matrix Of Ethical Theories
    • Identify relevant ethical theories and moral principles.
    • Articulate arguments using examples for and against offering pre-approved drugs to wider pools of patients.
  • Competency 5: Communicate in a manner that is scholarly, professional, and respectful of the diversity, dignity, and integrity of others and is consistent with health care professionals.
    • Exhibit proficiency in clear and effective academic writing skills.

Preparation

When a new drug is undergoing clinical trials to be approved for treatment, it must pass through a number of distinct phases of testing. These phases require rigorous study and evidence to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of new treatments. Passing through these phases and achieving approval takes many years for some trials. Before approval, patients not part of a clinical trial have limited or no access to experimental drugs, even though these drugs could be helpful and potentially save their lives. There are various groups pushing for greater patient access to drugs still in the experimental stage. In recent years, the FDA has made it somewhat easier to receive treatment with experimental drugs, but according to advocacy groups there are still too many restrictions (Munson, 2014).

This leads to a potential quandary when early stages of research on a drug sometimes suggest that the drug could be effective in treating a certain disease. On one hand, offering easier access to early stage trial drugs could help individuals suffering with a medical condition. However, on the other hand, making early access to experimental drugs easier could limit the pool of patients available to participate in clinical trials that establish whether or not the drug is truly effective and safe. This is an important consideration, as the vast majority of experimental drugs turn out to be completely ineffective or could have very dangerous side effects that will only show up over time and across a wider test population.

When completing this assessment, it is important to keep in mind the ethical arguments that are relevant to both views regarding the right to experimental drugs. It may be useful to review the suggested resources and conduct additional independent research while you are planning your assessment submission. Ethics Assessment 2: Matrix Of Ethical Theories

Instructions

Do patients with no other treatment options have a moral right to unproven drugs? Write a paper that explains and defends your view on this issue. In addition to reviewing the suggested resources, you are encouraged to locate additional resources in the Capella library, your public library, or authoritative online sites to provide additional support for your viewpoint. Be sure to weave and cite the resources throughout your work. In your paper, address the following points:

  • Identify relevant ethical theories and moral principles.
  • Explain how the principle of informed consent is relevant to the issue.
  • Explain the costs and benefits of making unproven, unapproved experimental drugs widely available to patients. Consider the costs and benefits not only to the individual patients who take these drugs but also potential costs and benefits to other patients.
  • Explain arguments using examples for and against offering pre-approved drugs to wider pools of patients.
  • Support your view using ethical theories or moral principles (or both) that you find most relevant to the issue.

Additional Requirements

  • Written communication: Written communication is free of errors that detract from the overall message.
  • APA formatting: Resources and citations are formatted according to current APA style and formatting guidelines.
  • Length: 2–3 typed, double-spaced pages.
  • Font and font size: Times New Roman, 12 point

Ethics Assessment 2: Matrix Of Ethical Theories