Early Childhood: Physical and Cognitive Development
Early Childhood: Physical and Cognitive Development
DIRECTION: Circle ONLY the letter to the correct answer and write the page number where you
found the answer in the right hand margin.
1. From birth to age 5, the rate of growth in height:
A. declines sharply B. increases sharply
C. proceeds at a steady pace D. declines gradually
2. Which statement characterizes the appearance of most children?
A. Before age 2 children are slim and wiry and gain weight after age 2
B. From ages 2 to 6 children are generally slimmer than prior to age 2
C. Children maintain a chubby, top-heavy appearance until after age 6
D. Children are generally slim from birth through around the age of 6
3. Which motor skill develops more slowly? Early Childhood: Physical and Cognitive Development
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A. gross B. grand
C. balance D. fine
4. It is recommended that a vision exam by an optometrist be performed on a child by _______of
age.
A. 5 to 6 years B. 3 to 4 years
C. 1 to 2 years D. 6 to 8 months
5. The brain of a typical 5-year-old will weigh _______ of its adult weight while her body will be
only about _______ of its adult weight.
A. 90 percent, one-third B. 50 percent, one-half
C. 30 percent, three-fourths D. 25 percent, nine-tenths
6. Cody has trouble sitting in his seat during class lessons and finds it difficult to focus on work
assigned to him in class or for homework. He bickers with his classmates and with his brother. His
pediatrician has suggested that Cody might benefit from Ritalin (methylphenidate). Cody has most
probably been diagnosed with: Early Childhood: Physical and Cognitive Development
A. ADHD
B. autism
C. otitis media
D. Asperger’s syndrome
7. In general, a child can eat most of the foods in family meals at what age?
A. 6 months B. 1 year
C. 2 years D. 3 ½ years
8. According to recent research, what is the most common chronic disease of early childhood?
A. cancer B. diabetes
C. cavities D. multiple sclerosis
Page 1 (Chapter 7 Survey)
9. Which of the following foods are common allergens?
A. eggs B. milk
C. peanuts D. all of these
10. In Westernized cultures, toilet training is usually mastered by:
A. age 1 ½ B. age 2
C. age 3 D. age 4
11. By what age do most children no longer require a daytime nap?
A. age 1 ½ B. age 2
C age 3 D. age 4
e h t s i t a h t e s a e s i d c i r t a i d e p c i n o r h c , s u o i r e s a s i _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . 2 1 d l i h c r o f n o s a e r n o m m o c t s o m Early Childhood: Physical and Cognitive Development
. admission to the hospital and is a major cause of school absences
A. Measles B. Mumps
C. Asthma D. Diabetes
13. Research which found that identical twins raised apart had IQ scores more alike than fraternal
twins raised together would tend to support which view of intelligence?
A. environmental B. ecological
C. holistic D. hereditarian
14. According to Piaget, children between the ages of 2 and 7 are in which stage of development?
A. concrete operations
B. preoperational
C. conservational
D. formal operations
15. The theory that probes children’s developing conceptions of major components of mental
activity is called: Early Childhood: Physical and Cognitive Development
A. the theory of mind
B. mental constructs
C. cognitive conception
D. concept development
16. The study of sounds in a language is called:
A. grammatical awareness
B. syntax
C. phonology
D. semantics
17. Which statement about stuttering is true?
A. Girls are more likely to suffer from stuttering than boys are.
B. Geneticists do not currently believe that stuttering is inherited.
C. There are no effective intervention services available for stutterers.
D. Parents should see a speech pathologist for stuttering children.
Page 2 (Chapter 7 Survey)
18. _________ refers to the retention of what has been experienced; _______ refers to remembering
what was learned earlier (for example, a scientific concept).
A. Recall; memory
B. Memory; recall
C. Recognition; memory
D. Recognition; recall
19. According to Piaget, preschool children have an underdeveloped moral sense because they lack
the ability to: Early Childhood: Physical and Cognitive Development
A. show altruistic behavior
B. understand intentionality
C. have sympathetic feelings
D. communicate their feelings
20. The developmental psychologist who researched the development of moral reasoning by
studying differences in children’s reasoning about moral dilemmas is:
A. Lev Vygotsky
B. Noam Chomsky
C. Lawrence Kohlberg
D. Howard Gardner
Page 3 (Chapter 7 Survey)
ADVANCED HUMAN GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT
CHAPTER 8 SURVEY
Early Childhood: Emotional and Social Development
NAME _________________________________________DATE ________________________
DIRECTION: Circle ONLY the letter to the correct answer and write the page number where you
found the answer in the right hand margin.
1. Research has indicated that children aged 5 and aged 7 who employed ________solutions were
judged to be more socially competent, displaying fewer attention problems and disruptive
behaviors.
A. prosocial
B. cognitive
C. logical
D. surreptitious
2. All of the following can contribute to delays in emotional self-regulation EXCEPT:
A. prematurity
B. developmental disabilities
C. parental divorce
D. low-income household
3. All of the following tend to characterize girls’ play EXCEPT:
A. it is more intimate
B. it is likely to consist of a two-person group
C. it is more “rough and tumble”
D. it is less competitive than boys’ play
4. Researchers have found that therapeutic play:
A. tends to increase children’s aggressive behavior
B. tends to make children feel even more anxiety
C. tends to help children to express their emotions
D. tends to take away children’s sense of control
5. American parents typically tend to encourage which characteristics in their children’s play
behavior?
A. exploration
B. imagination
C. independence
D. all of these
6. The view that supports suppression of individual desire in favor of what is best for the group:
A. is rarer in Asian cultures
B. is known as collectivism
C. decreases bonding with parents
D. decreases obedience to authority
Page 1 (Chapter 8 Survey)
7. According to your textbook, around what age do children begin to develop the cognitive skills to
categorize people into different racial groups by using physical characteristics and social cues?
A. 3 B. 5
C. 7 D. 9
8. A person’s sense of self-worth or self-image is part of the overall dimension called:
A. self-esteem B. positive regard
C. cultural awareness D. performance initiative
9. Research has found that childhood self-esteem can:
A. have lifelong effects on attitudes and behavior
B. affect school performance
C. affect family relationships
D. all of these
10. The cognitive structure that we employ for selecting and processing information about ourselves
is the ________.
A. personality
B. self
C. personal cognitive structure
D. character
11. One of the central issues of early childhood is:
A. the child learning to trust the child’s caretakers
B. comprehending the concept of object permanence
C. developing a sense of a separate and distinct self
D. developmental achievement of ego integration
12. _______ is a particular type of motivation and inner strength that directs life and growth in such
a way as to become all one is capable of being. Early Childhood: Physical and Cognitive Development
A. Telepathy
B. Entelechy
C. Impulse
D. Impetus
13. The sets of cultural expectations that define the ways in which the members of each sex such
behave are known as:
A. gender roles
B. stereotypes
C. gender types
D. sexual categories
14. Gender identity is:
A. the characteristic traits one is born with
B. not related to socializing influences
C. an inherited characteristic
D. conception of self as male or female
Page 2 (Chapter 8 Survey)
15. Gender identity usually begins to form around what ages?
A. 1 to 2
B. 3 to 4
C. 5 to 6
D. 7 to 8
16. Brian has a favorite toy that is a baby doll. This is upsetting to Brian’s father because it conflicts
with society’s view of proper gender __________.
A. realities
B. roles
C. identities
D. characteristic
17. Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding hormones?
A. Both males and females have male and female hormones.
B. Progesterone makes males more aggressive than females.
C. The ratio of each hormone varies in males and females.
D. The predominance of female or male hormones influences the development of the fetal brain.
18. According to your textbook, which of the following statements is true?
A. Boys tend to be more verbal at an earlier age than girls do.
B. Girls have a greater tendency to be diagnosed with dyslexia.
C. Girls tend to be more analytical than boys, who are more active.
D. Girls tend to show more interest in people-oriented activities.
19. The theory associated with Lawrence Kohlberg, which claims that children first learn to label
themselves as “male” and “female” and then attempt to master the behaviors that fit their gender
category, is called:
A. psychosocial
B. psychoanalytical
C. cognitive learning
D. cognitive developmental
20. The process of transmitting culture, knowledge, skills, and dispositions that enable children to
participate effectively in group life is called:
A. conviviality
B. socialization
C. gender stereotyping
D. synchronization
Page 3 (Chapter 8 Survey) Early Childhood: Physical and Cognitive Development
ADVANCED HUMAN GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT
CHAPTER 9 SURVEY
Middle Childhood: Physical and Cognitive Development
NAME _________________________________________DATE ________________________
DIRECTION: Circle ONLY the letter to the correct answer and write the page number where you
found the answer in the right hand margin.
1. During middle childhood physical growth is __________ than it is during early childhood or
adolescence.
A. slower
B. faster
C. the same as
D. much faster
2. Lisa and Mark are both 8 years old. Whom would you expect to mature faster? Whom would you
expect to have more body fat?
A. They would both mature at the same rate and have the same proportion of body fat.
B. Mark would mature faster and have more body fat.
C Lisa would mature faster and have more body fat.
D. Mark would mature faster and Lisa would have more body fat.
3. Which of these is the most common childhood illness?
A. measles
B. mumps
C. chicken pox
D. upper respiratory infection
Answer: D
4. The major cause of death of children in middle childhood is:
A. cancer
B. diabetes
C. accidents
D. leukemia
5. Which group has the highest mortality rate for children in middle childhood?
A. white
B. black
C. Hispanic
D. Asian
6. The definition cited in your textbook for obesity is:
A. having a body mass index greater than the 95th percentile for age and gender
B. having a body mass index greater than the 50th percentile for age and gender
C. having 50 pounds of excess weight for age and gender
D. having 70 pounds of excess weight for age and gender
Page 1 (Chapter 9 Survey)
7. What proportion of children between the ages of 6 and 11 was overweight in 2004?
A. Nearly one in three B. Nearly one in seven
C. Nearly one in five D. Nearly one half
8. Which of the following health risks is related to overweight in children?
A. early cardiovascular disease
B. diabetes mellitus
C. orthopedic problems
D. all of these
9. Although childhood obesity and overweight are on the increase, _________ is on the decrease.
A. physical education in public schools
B. sedentary activity
C. school vending machines that offer “junk” foods
D. consumption of fast food
10. The awareness and understanding of one’s own mental processes is called:
A. mental maps
B. cognitive awareness
C. metacognition
D. cognitive compatibility
11. Research on creativity has found that:
A. formal education is essential to the development of creativity
B. creative people are often conventional thinkers with dull personalities
C. creative people were often encouraged when they were young
D. creativity relies on sheer talent to become evident
12. At about what age do children come to recognize certain regularities or unchanging qualities in
the inner dispositions and behaviors of individuals? Early Childhood: Physical and Cognitive Development
