Environmental Health

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Question 1

Which of the following groups of chemicals was widely used as insulating fluid in electrical equipment?

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Dioxins

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Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs)

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Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)

1 points

Question 2

Occupational asthma is known to be caused by synthetic organic chemicals, dusts, and ___.

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alpha radiation

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certain bacteria

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certain metals

1 points

Question 3

Which of the following products are made using processes that involve perfluorochemicals (PFCs)?

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Consumer electronics

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Flexible plastic containers

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Non-stick coatings

1 points

Question 4

The effect of ___ in inducing ___ appears to have no threshold.

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lead / neurotoxicity

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methylmercury / decrement in IQ

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particulates / fibrosis

1 points

Question 5

In the United States today, young children get most of their exposure to the lead in lead paint by __.

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ingesting chips of paint

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ingesting dust that contains lead

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inhaling airborne lead

1 points

Question 6

Which of the following is the most common medium for people’s exposures to solvents?

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Dust

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Groundwater

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Meat or fish

1 points

Question 7

___ are the major cause of stratospheric ozone depletion.

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Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)

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Perfluorochemicals (PFCs)

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Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs)

1 points

Question 8

In the human body, carbon monoxide (CO) ___.

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binds to hemoglobin, displacing oxygen

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compromises the body’s defenses against airborne particulates

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concentrates in the thyroid, causing thyroid cancer

1 points

Question 9

___ are widely used to degrease metals—for example, in the manufacture of electronic components.

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Perfluorochemicals (PFCs)

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Phthalates

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Solvents

1 points

Question 10

Hearing loss is associated not only with exposure to noise, but also with exposure to _.

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air fresheners

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household pesticides

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secondhand smoke

1 points

Question 11

Which of the following pollutants is a key contributor to acid deposition?

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Carbon dioxide

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Carbon monoxide

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Ozone

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Sulfur dioxide

1 points

Question 12

When automobiles burn gasoline, they:

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emit ozone, which reacts with volatile organic compounds (VOCs) to form photochemical smog.

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emit VOCs, which react with NOx and other chemicals to form photochemical smog.

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increase ozone at ground level, contributing to depletion of ozone in the stratosphere.

1 points

Question 13

Many phthalates affect the ___.

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central nervous system

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endocrine system

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respiratory system

1 points

Question 14

Sick building syndrome is a set of __.

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construction features of a building that make people feel ill

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indoor air pollutants associated with construction materials

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symptoms that people experience when they spend time in a building

1 points

Question 15

Some likely human health impacts of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are suggested by their chemical structure, which is similar to that of ___.

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human growth hormone

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neurotransmitters

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thyroid hormones