Personality Chapter For General Psychology
Personality Chapter For General Psychology
Personality Chapter
Someone insults you and you spend the next two hours imagining the things you could have (or should have) said to humiliate them. According to Freud, you are engaging in free association.
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True
False
The BEST kind of personality test is one that is _______.
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a. reliable, but not necessarily valid
b. valid, but not necessarily reliable
c. neither reliable nor valid
d. both valid and reliable
Jenny is 15 years old. She is capable of mature sexuality, is able to postpone gratification, and handle responsibility. According to Freud, she is in the phallic stage.
Select one: Personality Chapter For General Psychology
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True
False
Johnny is 8 years old. He likes to play with other little boys, but has no interest in playing with little girls. According to Freud, he is in the latency stage.
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True
False
According to Hippocrates, if my temper is out of control, I need to check the balance of my green bile.
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True
False
According to Hippocrates, too much phlegm may make me sluggish and apathetic.
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True
False
Adler called the individual’s attempts to overcome physical weaknesses ________.
Select one: Personality Chapter For General Psychology
a. Reciprocity
b. Fictional finalism
c. Compensation
d. Reaction formation
The Rorschach personality test relies on a subject telling stories based on cards depicting human figures in various poses?
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True
False
Freud believed that personality is formed around ________ structures.
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a. five
b. two
c. three
d. four
“Relative” is one of the three basic characteristics of personality as presented in your lecture notes.
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True
False
Without using the ego, one way the id can obtain gratification is through the reality principle.
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True
False
For Freud, the seething cauldron of unconscious urges and desires continuously seeking expression is the ego.
Select one: Personality Chapter For General Psychology
True
False
For both Bandura and Rotter, a person’s expectancies become a critical part of his or her ________.
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a. explanatory style
b. self-actualizing tendency
c. ideal self
d. persona
For Horney, self-actualization is a stronger motivating force than is sex
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True
False
According to your text, personality is stable.
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True
False
Adler felt that some people become so fixated on their feelings of inadequacy that they develop ________.
Select one:
a. neurotic trends
b. an archetype
c. a fixation
d. an inferiority complex
According to Freud, a girl’s sexual attachment to her father and jealousy of her mother is called ________.
Select one:
a. the Electra complex
b. the Oedipus complex
c. countertransference
d. transference
For Freud, the term “sexual instinct” refers to ________.
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a. erotic sexuality
b. the personal unconscious
c. any form of pleasure
d. childhood experiences
According to Jung, people who base their actions on their perceptions, senses, and intuition are ________.
Select one: Personality Chapter For General Psychology
a. introverts
b. irrational individuals
c. extraverts
d. rational individuals
Terry Francis, a world famous psychologist, argues that behavior is the end product of a variety of some conscious and mostly unconscious forces interacting within a person’s mind. Terry Francis is most likely a behavioral psychologist
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True
False
Collective memories of experiences people have had in common since prehistoric times, such as mothers, heroes, or villains are called ________ by Carl Jung
Select one:
a. archetypes
b. personas
c. parasymbols
d. animas
The best known and most influential psychodynamic theorist is ________.
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a. Watson
b. Maslow
c. Skinner
d. Freud
According to Jung, our repressed thoughts, undeveloped ideas, and forgotten experiences are contained in the collective unconscious.
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True
False
According to Jung, people who regulate actions by thinking and feeling are ________.
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a. irrational individuals
b. introverts
c. extraverts
d. rational individuals
According to Jung, a person who usually focuses on his or her own thoughts and feelings is a(n) introvert.
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True
False
According to Hippocrates, black bile could be responsible for a person’s depression.
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True
False
When an individual’s self-concept is closely matched with his or her inborn capacities, then that person is likely to become what Rogers calls a(n) ________ person.
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a. fully functioning
b. fully rational
c. actualizing
d. harmoniously integrated
Horney believed that sexual factors are the most important factors shaping personality.
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True
False
According to William Seldon, the lactomorphic body type signals an artistic, introverted temperament.
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True
False
Erikson’s stage of initiative versus guilt corresponds approximately with Freud’s ________ stage.
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a. oral
b. genital
c. genital
d. phallic
Erik is a newborn. According to Erikson, his main task will be to develop a sense of autonomy.
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True
False
Jack is 24 years old. His major task, according to Erikson, is to develop a sense of identity.
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True
False
According to William Seldon, the endomorphic body type is likely to display a relaxed and sociable demeanor
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True
False
In Rogers’s theory, the full acceptance and love of another person regardless of that person’s behavior is called ________.
Select one: Personality Chapter For General Psychology
a. Psychological congruence
b. Self-actualization
c. Unconditional positive regard
d. Psychosynthesis
According to Rogers, the primary goal of life is to ________.
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a. understand one’s personal ancestral history
b. harmoniously unify the id, ego, and superego
c. successfully overcome the developmental challenges
d. fulfill one’s inborn capacities and potentialities
Gerald takes great pride in his sexual prowess and treats women with contempt. Yet, he feels worthless and has low self-esteem. In Freud’s view, he is probably fixated in the oral stage.
Select one:
True
False
The accuracy and usefulness of projective tests depends largely on ________.
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a. the age of the client
b. the type of disorder being diagnosed
c. whether the client likes taking tests
d. the skill of the examiner
According to William Sheldon, the mesomorphic body type indicates a courageous and assertive personality.
Select one:
True
False
According to Freud, a boy’s sexual attachment to his mother and jealousy of his father is called ________.
Select one:
a. countertransference
b. transference
c. the Electra complex
d. the Oedipus complex
Each of the following is one of the “Big Five” dimensions of personality EXCEPT ________.
Select one:
a. Emotional stability
b. Neuroticism
c. Agreeableness
d. Extraversion
According to Freud, the ego operates ________.
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a. only preconsciously
b. only unconsciously
c. partly consciously, partly preconsciously, and partly unconsciously
d. only unconsciously
Jerry has a very immature attitude about sex and sucks his thumb even though he is 32 years old. Freud would say these behaviors result from libido.
Select one:
True
False
Each of the following is an advantage of projective tests EXCEPT ________.
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a. because the tests are flexible, people can take them in a relaxed atmosphere
b. They have higher reliability and validity than objective tests.
c. some psychologists believe that projective tests can uncover unconscious thoughts and fantasies
d. since the person taking the test often doesn’t know its true purpose, responses are less likely to be faked Personality Chapter For General Psychology
Barney is a person who believes he can control his own fate. He feels that by hard work, skill, and training it is possible to avoid punishments and find rewards. Rotter would say that Barney has a(n) external locus of control.
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True
False
In assessing personality, we are MOST interested in a person’s ________ behavior
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a. best
b. worst
c. typical
d. atypical
Ralph is a private person. He keeps other people at a distance by putting on a public “face” that is nearly the opposite of his inner, true self. Jung called this public “face” worn by Ralph the persona.
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True
False
A study of the “Big Five” dimensions of personality found that ________ were reliable predictors of job performance in sales.
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a. none of them
b. conscientiousness and extraversion
c. all five of them
d. agreeableness and neuroticism
Erikson stresses the quality of ________ in personality development
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a. stimulus motives
b. sexual motives
c. parent-child relationships
d. primary-process thinking
The unconscious is best defined as ideas, thoughts, and feelings of which we are not and cannot normally become aware .
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True
False
According to Bandura, standards people develop in order to rate the adequacy of their own behavior in variety of situations are called ________.
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a. reciprocal variables
b. conditions of worth
c. performance standards
d. self-efficacy standards
The proper chronological order of Freud’s psychosexual stages is ________.
Select one:
a. oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital
b. anal, oral, phallic, latency, genital
c. oral, anal, genital, phallic, latency
d. anal, oral, genital, latency, phallic
________ theory emphasizes that humans are positively motivated and progress toward higher levels of functioning.
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a. Social Learning
b. Humanistic
c. Psychoanalytic
d. Trait
The unique pattern of characteristic thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that persists over time and situations is called ________.
Select one:
a. personality
b. a habit
c. learning
d. a trait
Horney disagreed with many of Freud’s ideas, but particularly those regarding ________.
Select one:
a. his emphasis on unconscious processes affecting conscious functioning
b. the importance of early childhood in shaping adult personality
c. the importance of defense mechanisms in protecting the ego from anxiety.
d. his analysis of women and his emphasis on sexual instincts
Audrey is a normal, healthy two-year-old. Her main task, according to Erikson, will be to develop a sense of autonomy.
Select one: Personality Chapter For General Psychology
True
False
Erikson suggested that success in each of the life stages he outlined depends upon adjustment during the previous stage .
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True
False
According to Bandura, the expectancy that one’s efforts will be successful is called self-esteem.
Select one:
True
False
In Rogers’s theory, the full acceptance and love of another person regardless of that person’s behavior is called archetypes.
True
False
According to Hippocrates, a surplus of blood may cause confusion and anxiety.
True
False
