Healthcare Informatics Theories and Concepts

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Choose a topic for your research paper. Topic choices can include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Demographic and population-based health events, such as sexually transmitted infections (STIs)
  • Epidemiologic study designs, such as case-control studies
  • Methodologies, for example, field epidemiology, used to investigate an epidemic outbreak
  • Techniques for disease surveillance, such as reporting
  • Models of disease causation and review of health, disease, and the epidemiologic triangle

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Research the South University Online Library and the Internet to read about your chosen topic. Healthcare Informatics Theories and Concepts

In a Microsoft Word document, create a 1-page synopsis of the case to be presented, including the title and background. In addition, provide a rationale for your topic choice and include a list of five proposed reference

Healthcare Informatics Theories and Concepts: Choose a clinical scenario ( example: Health risk assessment and care plan for patients in a healthcare plan: education/prevention )from a recent experience that was documented/reviewed in electronic format or in paper format that included a nursing assessment and the care provided to an individual or family. Healthcare Informatics Theories and Concepts

Specifically identify one example of the following informatics elements reported in the nursing assessment and in the process of providing/evaluating care: Data, Information, Knowledge, and Wisdom

In this scenario, discuss the differences between nursing knowledge and wisdom and support findings

1 page in APA format

The Monetary System

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The monetary system in any economy facilitates trade and allows people to trade more efficiently, as compared to a barter economy. In the United States, the monetary authority is the Federal Reserve System (also referred to as the Federal Reserve, or informally, as the “Fed”.)

For this assignment, use the information presented in the textbook and the Fed’s website (http://www.federalreserve.gov/) when addressing the questions below. The Monetary System

  1. What are the requirements for something to be considered money? Why does the dollar have value?
  2. What does the money supply consist of and what are the respective amounts in the total money supply for the United States?
  3. What are the primary functions of the Fed? What role does the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) play in our economy?
  4. What role do the financial institutions (commercial banks and other institutions) play in our financial system?
  5. What is meant by the term “fractional-reserve banking” in our system? What are the implications for consumers?
  6. What are the tools available to the FED for controlling the money supply? Which are used most often? Which are most effective?
  7. How does the money multiplier help to determine the effects of monetary policy?
  8. What are the pros and cons of using monetary policy, as opposed to the use of fiscal policy, for implementing economic policies and practices? The Monetary System

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Deliverables:

  • Prepare a 5-10 page Microsoft Word document that addresses the above-noted concerns and meets APA standards.
  • Include a summary section in your report that contains 5-7 bullet points identifying your major findings or conclusions of your paper. 
  • Submit this report (as an attachment) as your initial post in the W4: Assignment 1, Discussion Area by Thursday, October 20, 2016.
  • For the convenience of your classmates, post your summary 5-7 bullet points in the dialogue box of the discussion area along with the attachment (full report).
  • By the end of the week, comment on at least two other reports submitted by your peers, analyzing the strengths and weaknesses of each report.

All submissions must be original and all resources must be properly acknowledged. The Monetary System

ERRORS IN THE HEALTH CARE SYSTEM

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For this course, you will be reading The Wall of Silence by Gibson and Singh (2003). Please read the book according to the schedule,

reflect upon what you have read, and complete the assignment as described.

The purpose of this reflective assignment is to provide the approach for connecting The Wall of Silence, the course content, and your personal and

professional experiences.

You will complete two reflective journal entries, one for each two sections of the book. Submit each entry by the due date no exceptions. All

entries require the use of APA (see rubric). There is no length requirement for any of the entries however, to earn all potential points you must

demonstrate that you a) have read the book and required readings, b) applied the course material as necessary as demonstrated through

citing/referencing of course materials, and c) reflected on all related components. You should cite and reference the book and all other necessary

materials as evidence of your understanding of course materials. ERRORS IN THE HEALTH CARE SYSTEM

Entry #1: Based upon Gibson and Singh Part 1 and 2: Breaking the Silence.

Gibson and Singh provided alarming statistics based upon the IOM’s 1999 report of 100,000 deaths per year due to medical errors.

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According to Gibson and Singh, this translates to 275 deaths due to medical errors every day. Based on the number of deaths known, and

considering the potential number for unaccounted deaths, reflect on the book and address the following:

1. Describe your level of awareness of the prevalence of medical errors before this course and reading part 1.

2. Part 1 of Gibson and Singh details 10 patient-family accounts and their experience with medical error. Select one of the cases and

discuss the following areas:

a. Provide an overview of the case.

b. Describe in detail your feeling as you read the stories.

c. What type of error occurred in the case? ERRORS IN THE HEALTH CARE SYSTEM

d. Compare at quality and safety initiatives that now exist that could have prevented the error? (Cite the source where you found the

initiative, guideline or protocol).

e. Why was this case so compelling to you?

4. Discuss our role as nurses in developing a culture of safety interdependent upon a professional code of ethics.

a. Why is it that nurses fail to report errors and what are the consequences to the nurse, patient, facility, and system?

b. How does the nursing shortage affect safety and the potential for errors in the health care system?

c. How frequent and how significant are medication errors in your experience?

d. Describe in detail your experiences in managing, correcting, and documenting medication errors and explain how they affect

your practice?

e. Do you believe quality improvement is really needed? Explain.

f. Support your entry with quotations from the book as needed and with literature and sources from our course. Follow APA

format.

5. It is acceptable to use first person in this entry. Support your entry with quotations from the book as needed and with literature and

sources from our course. Follow APA format. ERRORS IN THE HEALTH CARE SYSTEM

THE ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY

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US policy sometimes differs from policy approaches in other countries. The OSHA is the agency that enforces standards designed to protect employees from hazardous exposures in the work environment. OSHA standards are a form of public policy about workplace safety. The European Environmental Agency is an agency within the European Union that includes functions that are similar to those of OSHA.

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For this assignment:

  • Locate and review the important 1980 US Supreme Court decision regarding the proposed change in OSHA benzene permissible occupational exposure limit by searching the Internet for “I.U.D. v. A.P.I., 448 U.S. 607, 655.” OSHA had proposed lowering the occupational exposure limit from 10 ppm (parts per million over eight hours as a time weighted average) to 1 ppm. The Supreme Court overturned OSHA’s decision and required that the exposure limit remain at 10 ppm on the grounds that there was insufficient evidence of harm to workers from exposure at 1 ppm. Review the majority opinion of the Supreme Court and the scientific issues discussed in the decision. THE ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY
  • Using the Internet, your textbook, and the South University Online Library, research comparisons between the European Environmental Agency policies and regulations and the policy and regulation approaches in the United States.
  • Write a 2- to 3-page report in a Microsoft Word document highlighting major differences and similarities between the US policy compared to the European policy on benzene in the workplace.
  • Describe what happened in the US Supreme Court decision in 1980 with regard to benzene, with a brief overview of the historical context of the decision and OSHA’s role in regulating US workplace safety.
  • Describe some of your own observations and opinions regarding this case. Justify your response using at least two resources beyond your course textbook and lectures. THE ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY

Using Health Information Technology as a Source of Evidence Based Practice

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Nurses working in the recovery room at City Hospital received many complaints from patients who were required to void prior to being released. The nurses also questioned this requirement and decided to explore current best practices based on research evidence. Using the hospital’s health information technology, they located current research indicating that City Hospital’s policy was out of date and that research evidence no longer supported this practice. As a result of accessing and utilizing health information technology to locate evidence-based research, new practice guidelines were crafted and adopted. Using Health Information Technology as a Source of Evidence Based Practice

This week you evaluate evidence available through health information technology and consider how health information technology supports evidence-based practice.

Learning Objectives

Students will:
  • Evaluate evidence available through health information technology that lead to improved patient care
  • Analyze how health information technology supports evidence-based practice

Before the digital revolution, health information technology supplied very limited support for evidence-based practice. If nurses wanted to be informed about cutting-edge research, their best bet was to either subscribe to leading journals or make periodic trips to the library. With the establishment of research databases, however, nurses became empowered to learn about and facilitate interdisciplinary and translational research. Databases are just one example of how health information technology supports evidence-based practice. Using Health Information Technology as a Source of Evidence Based Practice

To prepare:

  • Read the following scenario from the text (McGonigle & Mastrian, 2011, p. 482):
    • Twelve-hour shifts are problematic for patient and nurse safety, and yet hospitals continue to keep the 12-hour shift schedule. In 2004, the Institute of Medicine (Board on Health Care Services & Institute of Medicine, 2004) published a report that referred to studies as early as 1988 that discussed the negative effects of rotating shifts on intervention accuracy. Workers with 12-hour shifts realized more fatigue than workers on 8-hour shifts. In another study done in Turkey by Ilhan, Durukan, Aras, Turkcuoglu, and Aygun (2006), factors relating to increased risk for injury were age of 24 or less, less than 4 years of nursing experience, working in the surgical intensive care units, and working for more than 8 hours.
  • Consider how the resources identified in the scenario above could influence an organization’s practice.
  • Select an issue in your practice that is of concern to you. Using health information technology, locate at least three evidence-based practice resources that address your concern and that could possibly inform further action.

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By Day 3

Post a description of your practice concern. Outline how you used health information technology to locate evidence-based practices that address this concern. Cite and include insights from the resources. Analyze how health information technology supports evidence-based practice.

Read a selection of your colleagues’ responses. Focus particularly on those questions raised to which you can add comments based on shared experiences or situations. Consider how your colleagues’ postings reflect and/or differ from your own perceptions and opinions. Review the Learning Resources for any clarification needed before responding.

For the discussion this week, you will select an issue in your practice that is of concern to you. You will then locate at least three evidence-based practice resources that address your concern and could possibly inform further action. In your post you will provide a description of your practice concern. Next you will discuss how you used health information technology to locate evidence to address this concern. Remember to cite and integrate insights from the three resources. You will conclude by analyzing how health information technology supports evidence-based practice. Using Health Information Technology as a Source of Evidence Based Practice

Proliferation of urgent care facilities and primary care practices

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You are the manager of a new primary care clinic located about twenty five (25) miles outside of a small city (population of 50,000). With five (5) family physicians, two (2) nurse practitioners, two (2) physicians’ assistants (PAs), and twenty (20) clinical support staff consisting of RNs, LPNs, and CMAs, the clinic provides primary care services to a diverse community of people living and working outside the city limits.

Originally a rural area, the community has been growing and now includes promising opportunities in employment, education, and comfortable living spaces for young families. However, there are still many residents who struggle to make ends meet with older farms that have belonged to families for generations.   

The central city includes two (2) large acute care facilities, and one (1) tertiary care facility that is known for its excellent pulmonary care. Both acute care hospitals provide the usual services such as labor and delivery, outpatient surgery, chronic diseases care, etc. and have fully equipped ancillary departments, such as lab and radiology. Proliferation of urgent care facilities and primary care practices

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Up until this point, the residents have used the facilities’ emergency departments for routine illnesses and conditions when their private physicians were not readily available.

Write a five to seven (5-7) page paper in which you:

  1. Analyze some of the key social, political, and economic factors that have led to the proliferation of urgent care facilities and primary care practices over the last 20-30 years.
  2. Create a comprehensive mission statement for the clinic, and discuss how it will facilitate the provision of quality services.
  3. Analyze and discuss one (1) or more directions the clinic might take to grow its business. Determine what factors you would consider when deciding what services to provide in-house and which ones to affiliate with other institutions.
  4. Decide how you will determine if the clinic is meeting its goals. Identify three (3) performance measurements you could use to evaluate the success of the clinic’s services. Begin by naming a goal, and then identify a quantifiable measurement you could use for each to determine if you are coming close or falling short of the goal. Proliferation of urgent care facilities and primary care practices
  5. Determine how you would then address whatever opportunities for improvement seem to exist and what processes you would put in place.
  6. Use at least three (3) quality resources in this assignment. Note: Wikipedia and similar Websites do not qualify as quality resources.
  7. Format your assignment according to the following formatting requirements:
    1. Typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides.
    2. Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page is not included in the required page length.
    3. Include a reference page. Citations and references must follow APA format. The reference page is not included in the required page length.

The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:

  • Analyze the critical management issues, purpose, functions, and performance measures of different departments within healthcare organizations.
  • Examine the political, economic, and social forces that have influenced the organizational foundations of the United States healthcare system.
  • Explain how public policy has shaped the development of the U.S. healthcare system.
  • Use technology and information resources to research issues in health services organization management.
  • Write clearly and concisely about health services organization management using proper writing mechanics. Proliferation of urgent care facilities and primary care practices

Cancer Genetics and Genomics

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Rachel comes from a family with a history of breast cancer on her mother’s side. Rachel’s mother died of breast cancer when she was very young. Rachel has two sisters, Lisa and Kristin. Rachel has remained close to Lisa, but she no longer has a relationship with Kristin.

At a routine checkup, Rachel is told about the availability of genetic testing for identifying a predisposition to breast cancer. Her doctor recommends the test to Rachel given her family history. Rachel has the genetic testing done and finds that she has a mutated breast cancer 1, early onset (BRCA1) gene. Her doctor tells her she is at high risk for developing breast and ovarian cancer. Rachel’s doctor suggests she ask her sisters to be tested also, so they can take the proper preventative measures. Cancer Genetics and Genomics

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Rachel feels comfortable sharing this information with Lisa, but she has not spoken to Kristin in many years. Rachel tells her doctor that she is not in contact with Kristin and will not make an effort to tell her about BRCA1 and genetic testing. Rachel’s doctor feels confident that she can locate Kristin but worries about breaching patient confidentiality if she goes against Rachel’s wishes.

If you were Rachel’s healthcare provider, what would you do? Provide a rationale for your response. Include the pathological processes associated with breast cancer. What role does the BRCA1 gene contribute to managing the patient’s care? Describe and explain the role of the BRCA1 and breast cancer 2, early onset (BRCA2) gene in contribution as a risk factor for breast cancer. Analyze the risk factors for breast cancer and possible interventions to preventive health management for women and men. Cancer Genetics and Genomics

Disorders of Motility

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Disorders of Motility

Jamie is a 3-month-old female who presents with her mother for evaluation of “throwing up.” Mom reports that Jamie has been throwing up pretty much all the time since she was born. Jamie does not seem to be sick. In fact, she drinks her formula vigorously and often acts hungry. Jamie has normal soft brown bowel movements every day and, overall, seems like a happy and contented baby. She smiles readily and does not cry often. Other than the fact that she often throws up after drinking a bottle, she seems to be a very healthy, happy infant. A more precise history suggests that Jamie does not exactly throw up—she does not heave or act unwell—but rather it just seems that almost every time she drinks a bottle she regurgitates a milky substance. Mom thought that she might be allergic to her formula and switched her to a hypoallergenic formula. It didn’t appear to help at all, and now Mom is very concerned. Disorders of Motility

Cases like these are not uncommon. The mother was concerned and thinking her daughter may have an allergy; she changed to a different formula. However, sometimes babies have immature GI tracts that can lead to physiology reflux as they adapt to normal life outside the uterus. Parents often do not consider this possibility, prompting them to change formulas rather than seeking medical care. As in the case study above, GI alterations can often be difficult to identify because many cause similar symptoms. This same issue also arises with adults—adults may present with symptoms that have various potential causes. When evaluating patients, it is important for the advanced practice nurse to know the types of questions he or she needs to ask to obtain the appropriate information for diagnosis. For this reason, you must have an understanding of common GI disorders such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), peptic ulcer disease (PUD), and gastritis.

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To Prepare

  • Review this week’s media presentation on the gastrointestinal system.
  • Review Chapter 33 in the Huether and McCance text. Identify the normal pathophysiology of gastric acid stimulation and production.
  • Review Chapter 35 in the Huether and McCance text. Consider the pathophysiology of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), peptic ulcer disease (PUD), and gastritis. Think about how these disorders are similar and different.
  • Select a patient factor different from the one you selected in this week’s Discussion: genetics, gender, ethnicity, age, or behavior. Consider how the factor you selected might impact the pathophysiology of GERD, PUD, and gastritis. Reflect on how you would diagnose and prescribe treatment of these disorders for a patient based on this factor. Disorders of Motility
  • Review the “Mind Maps—Dementia, Endocarditis, and Gastro-oesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)” media in the Week 2 Learning Resources. Use the examples in the media as a guide to construct a mind map for gastritis. Consider the epidemiology and clinical presentation of gastritis.

To Complete

Write a 2- to 3-page paper that addresses the following:

  • Describe the normal pathophysiology of gastric acid stimulation and production. Explain the changes that occur to gastric acid stimulation and production with GERD, PUD, and gastritis disorders.
  • Explain how the factor you selected might impact the pathophysiology of GERD, PUD, and gastritis. Describe how you would diagnose and prescribe treatment of these disorders for a patient based on the factor you selected.
  • Construct a mind map for gastritis. Include the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical presentation, as well as the diagnosis and treatment you explained in your paper.  Disorders of Motility

NUTRITIONAL CARE PLAN

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For this project, you will identify a case study and then develop a nutritional care plan for the client associated with that case.  Please read this entire document to gain understanding of the project scope and those tasks you will complete.  

Task 1:

a.  Choose from one of the following stages: pregnancy, infancy and childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and old age.

b.  List the specific nutrition issues affecting individuals in your selected stage.

Task 2:

a.  Choose a disease or medical condition that could possibly, or commonly, affect your individual.  This could be anything ranging from diabetes to cirrhosis.

b.  Using the ABCDs of nutritional assessment, create a case study based on an actual client or patient.  You can also make one up.  Include the following in your case study: NUTRITIONAL CARE PLAN

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(i).  Anthropometrics, relevant biochemical tests, clinical assessment, and dietary intake analysis.

c.  Be sure to include a list of common medications that may be used to treat your patient’s condition and identify potential herb/nutrient/drug interactions that may be relevant.

d.  Identify your client’s cultural background and give clues as to their socioeconomic status and psychosocial variables.  For example, your

patient may be a senior living alone on a fixed income or might be living in

a nursing facility with reputed staff.

Task 3:

a. Create a nutritional care plan for your client. This will include an

evaluation of nutritional risk, a list of interventions, and a list of expected

outcomes.

b. List the goals of medical nutrition therapy for your patient and suggest an

appropriate diet. Does your patient/client require a dietary modification of

their regular diet? Are enteral feedings by tube necessary? If so, what

formula will you use and why? Describe your recommended method of

administration. NUTRITIONAL CARE PLAN

Task 4:

a. Describe your nutrition education teaching session with your patient

and/or their family. What teaching methods will you use (explanation,

discussion, demonstration, handouts, etc.)? In your own words, write a

paragraph detailing three specific points that you will need to teach your

patient about his/her new diet. In addition, give at least one tip to avoid

potential herb/nutrient/drug interactions.NUTRITIONAL CARE PLAN

IMPACT OF LEAD EXPOSURE

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Most environmental health issues involve a variety of elements with overlapping or distinct causes, stakeholder groups, and solutions. Selecting an important, specific element of the issue is essential when formulating realistic ways to address and improve the environmental issue.

This specific aspect of the issue is known as the problem and can be defined in a concise problem statement. The problem statement includes the purpose of the problem-solving effort, defines its scope, and states the specific objective of the problem-solving effort in the form of a question. IMPACT OF LEAD EXPOSURE

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The three elements of the statement are—explaining how things should be; identifying a significant gap; and asking a question about one major way to improve the current situation. For example:

  • The food you purchase should be free from levels of pesticide residues that are hazardous to human health, but many commercially used pesticides have not been tested using newer techniques to detect harm that they may cause during prenatal development or childhood. Should the EPA require that pesticides used on food crops be reevaluated using the new tests to ensure that children are fully protected, and if so, which tests?
  • Employees who work with lead have a right to expect that their health will be protected if their workplace adheres to the OSHA lead standard, but the OSHA lead standard has not been updated since 1978, despite a great deal of new epidemiologic and toxicologic research about lead toxicity. Should the OSHA lead standard be revised, and if so, what should the new provisions be?
  • Consumers often trust that products and services that they purchase are safe unless they are advised otherwise. Recently, nail salons have been the focus of worker safety initiatives because they use hazardous chemicals such as methacrylates, acetates, toluene, and formaldehydes. Are consumers adequately protected from hazardous chemicals when they receive services in nail salons?

The process of developing a problem statement is extremely useful because you will choose a defined focus, which will guide the rest of the work leading to a proposed solution to the problem. IMPACT OF LEAD EXPOSURE

For this assignment:

  • Choose a specific aspect of the topic that you selected last week as your problem. (Impact of Lead Exposure)
  • Define the environmental or occupational problem affecting human populations that you will analyze for your final project.
  • Write your problem statement in 2–3 sentences in a Microsoft Word document. These sentences should be questions that you intend to explore in your research paper.
  • Justify, in 1–2 paragraphs, why you chose to focus your analysis of this multifaceted issue to the specific problem as stated in your problem statement. IMPACT OF LEAD EXPOSURE