Mercury a Metal Pollutant that causes Neurological and other Health Problems

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Mercury a Metal Pollutant that causes Neurological and other Health Problems

Fish contains beneficial nutrients such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) that promote healthy brain development in the fetus. However, unfortunately most fish contain mercury. This poses a dilemma for pregnant women because mercury is a toxic metal pollutant that causes neurological and other health problems.

The toxicity of inorganic mercury pollution is magnified in the environment because bacteria biotransform it into highly toxic methylmercury. Children who are exposed prenatally to methylmercury are especially vulnerable to the chemical’s neurotoxic effects. Mercury a Metal Pollutant that causes Neurological and other Health Problems

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For this assignment:

  • Read the prenatal fish consumption advisory issued jointly by the EPA and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2004 (available at http://water.epa.gov/scitech/swguidance/fishshellfish/outreach/advice_index.cfm). Take a special note of the advice about the types of fish. Since mercury bioaccumulates (i.e., not easily excreted from the body), larger predatory fish, which eat many fish containing small amounts of mercury, contain higher levels of mercury (e.g., shark, swordfish, king mackerel, and tilefish).
  • Go to the seafood section of your local grocery store, a local fish market, or a local seafood restaurant. Determine if shark, swordfish, king mackerel, or tilefish are for sale. Examine the displays, packaging, or menu warnings about fish consumption and pregnancy and breastfeeding.
  • Read the following article:Oken, E., Radesky, J. S., Wright, R. O., Bellinger, D. C., Amarasiriwardena,
               C. J., Kleinman, K. P., … Gillman, M. W. (2008). Maternal fish intake
               during pregnancy, blood mercury levels, and child cognition at age 3
               years in a US cohort. American Journal of Epidemiology, 167(10),
               1171–1181.This study was able to separate the potential nutritional benefits of fish consumption during pregnancy from the potential harmful effects of low-level mercury exposure from fish. Review the abstract and the mothers’ blood mercury levels according to the amount of fish consumed per week (top of Table 1, page 1175). The introduction to the paper summarizes the nutritional benefits from fish, e.g., as a source of DHA that many women otherwise lack in their diets. In addition, review Figure 1, which shows childhood cognitive test results for mothers who consumed more fish and for mothers with higher blood mercury levels.
  • Conduct research on the Internet to learn more about Minamata disease and its origins. The population was exposed to high levels of methylmercury by consuming fish that contained very high levels of the pollutant as a result of industrial discharge into Minamata Bay. The first signs that something was wrong were that fish swam crazily, sea birds were unable to fly, and cats began dancing strangely. Congenital Minamata disease was the first transplacental toxic disorder that was scientifically established; before that time, it was believed that the placenta protected the fetus from hazardous chemicals. Mercury a Metal Pollutant that causes Neurological and other Health Problems
  • Prepare a 2-page report in a Microsoft Word document addressing the following:
    • Summarize briefly the 2004 EPA and FDA fish consumption advisory, including the advice for pregnant and nursing women and women who could become pregnant.
    • Summarize briefly the key findings of the study by Oken et al. Briefly describe the ways in which the mercury-associated adverse cognitive effects measured in the three-year-old children in the study differ from the syndrome of congenital Minamata disease.
    • Report what you found when you looked for fish consumption advisories and for shark, swordfish, king mackerel, and tilefish at your local grocery store, a local fish market, or a local seafood restaurant. Devote approximately one-third to one-half of a page to this section of your report.
    • Justify your answers to the following questions using information from the above mentioned sources and relevant information from any other reputable sources:
      • What advice about fish consumption would you give to pregnant and nursing women?
      • What would be your advice for women who could become pregnant?
      • In what way, if any, should the public health system become involved in disseminating the fish consumption advisory to women? Devote approximately two-thirds of a page to this section of your report. Mercury a Metal Pollutant that causes Neurological and other Health Problems

What insights does this topic give you with regard to opportunities and challenges for health care administrators in today’s organizations?

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To prepare for this assignment:

  • You will consider how the control of health care delivery has shifted over time from the preindustrial era until today.
  • Think about the changing roles and responsibilities of various individuals and institutions, such as:

·        

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·         Physicians

·         Hospitals

·         Insurers/managed-care organizations

·         Regulators

·         Government payers (Medicare and Medicaid)

  • Also, consider how the issue provides opportunities and challenges for healthcare administrators.

To complete this assignment, address the following questions:

  • What are the historical forces on the healthcare delivery system, or who controls health care in the United States today?  Why?
  • How has this changed over time?
  • What insights does this topic give you with regard to opportunities and challenges for health care administrators in today’s organizations? What insights does this topic give you with regard to opportunities and challenges for health care administrators in today’s organizations?

Workflow Patterns that Maximize the Effective Use of Resources

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Workflow analysis aims to determine workflow patterns that maximize the effective use of resources and minimize activities that do not add value. There are a variety of tools that can be used to analyze the workflow of processes and clarify potential avenues for eliminating waste. Flowcharts are a basic and commonly used workflow analysis method that can help highlight areas in need of streamlining.

In this Assignment, you select a common event that occurs regularly in your organization and create a flowchart representing the workflow. You analyze the process you have diagrammed and propose changes for improvement.

To prepare:

·         Identify a common, simple event that frequently occurs in your organization that you would like to evaluate.

·         Consider how you would design a flowchart to represent the current workflow. Workflow Patterns that Maximize the Effective Use of Resources

·         Consider what metrics you would use to determine the effectiveness of the current workflow and identify areas of waste.

To complete:

Write a 4- to 5-page paper which includes the following:

·         Create a simple flowchart of the activity you selected. (Review the Sample Workflow of Answering a Telephone in an Office document found in this week’s Learning Resources for an example.)

·         Next, in your paper:

o    Explain the process you have diagrammed.

o    For each step or decision point in the process, identify the following:

§  Who does this step? (It can be several people.)

§  What technology is used?

§  What policies and rules are involved in determining how, when, why, or where the step is executed?

§  What information is needed for the execution of this step? Workflow Patterns that Maximize the Effective Use of Resources

o    Describe the metric that is currently used to measure the soundness of the workflow. Is it effective?

o    Describe any areas where improvements could occur and propose changes that could bring about these improvements in the workflow.

o    Summarize why it is important to be aware of the flow of an activity.

PLEASE SEE THE SAMPLE WORKFLOW PAPER I ATTACHED.

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P

·         Remember to include a cover page, introduction, and summary for your paper.

Submit the Assignment.

Note: This paper will serve as the Portfolio Assignment for the course.

REFERENCES

McGonigle, D., & Mastrian, K. G. (2015). Nursing informatics and the foundation of knowledge (3rd ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones and Bartlett Learning.

  • Chapter 14, “Nursing Informatics: Improving Workflow and Meaningful Use”

    This chapter reviews the reasons for conducting workflow analysis and design. The author explains specific workflow analysis and redesign techniques.

Huser, V., Rasmussen, L. V., Oberg, R., & Starren, J. B. (2011). Implementation of workflow engine technology to deliver basic clinical decision support functionality. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 11(1), 43–61.

Retrieved from the Walden Library databases. Workflow Patterns that Maximize the Effective Use of Resources

In this article, the authors describe an implementation of workflow engine technology to support clinical decision making. The article describes some of the pitfalls of implementation, along with successful and future elements.

Koppel, R., & Kreda, D. A. (2010). Healthcare IT usability and suitability for clinical needs: Challenges of design, workflow, and contractual relations. Studies in Health Technology and Informatics, 157, 7–14.

Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

This article points to many health information technology designs and workflow decisions that limit their value and usage. The authors also examine the structure of the conceptual relationships between HIT vendors and the clinical facilities that purchase HIT. Workflow Patterns that Maximize the Effective Use of Resources

Assesment Of The Current Challenges In Hypertension Management

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Select a practice problem of interest to use as the focus of your research.

Start with the patient and identify the clinical problems or issues that arise from clinical care.

Following the PICOT format, write a PICOT statement in your selected practice problem area of interest, which is applicable to your proposed capstone project.

The PICOT statement will provide a framework for your capstone project (the project students must complete during their final course in the RN-BSN program of study).

Conduct a literature search to locate research articles focused on your selected practice problem of interest. This literature search should include both quantitative and qualitative peer-reviewed research articles to support your practice problem.

Select six peer-reviewed research articles which will be utilized through the next 5 weeks as reference sources. Be sure that some of the articles use qualitative research and that some use quantitative research. Create a reference list in which the six articles are listed. Beneath each reference include the article’s abstract. The completed assignment should have a title page and a reference list with abstracts.Assesment Of The Current Challenges In Hypertension Management

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Suggestions for locating qualitative and quantitative research articles from credible sources:

1. Use a library database such as CINAHL Complete for your search.

2. Using the advanced search page check the box beside “Research Article” in the “Limit Your Results” section.

3. When setting up the search you can type your topic in the top box, then add quantitative or qualitative as a search term in one of the lower boxes. Research articles often are described as qualitative or quantitative.

To narrow/broaden your search, remove the words qualitative and quantitative and include words that narrow or broaden your main topic. For example: Diabetes and pediatric and dialysis. To determine what research design was used, review the abstract and the methods section of the article. The author will provide a description of data collection using qualitative or quantitative methods.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required. Assesment Of The Current Challenges In Hypertension Management

Redesigning the Current State Workflow

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Current-state workflow models and gap analyses often reveal workflow issues and inefficiencies. These issues and inefficiencies (gaps) help nurse informaticists determine possible directions for improvements and revisions. These possibilities help inform the creation of a future-state workflow, in which the gaps in the current-state workflow are addressed.

In Part 3 of the Course Project, you will apply what you have learned about workflow throughout this course by redesigning the current-state workflow.

Using the information obtained from your gap analysis and current-state workflow model, you will create a future-state workflow model that provides a solution to the workflow issues you have identified. Your future-state workflow model MUST be tied to meaningful use and, therefore, MUST involve either implementing a new electronic health record (EHR) or revising an existing EHR. Redesigning the Current State Workflow

To prepare for Part 3 of the Course Project:

  • Review the results of your gap analysis and your Visio model of the current-state workflow (Part 2 of the Course Project).
  • Reflect on the most significant issue revealed by your gap analysis and Visio workflow model. Identify possible EHR-related solutions to this workflow issue.
  • Select one solution that relates to EHRs and meaningful use.
  • Begin developing a new Visio workflow model that incorporates the solution you selected. This model does not need to be extremely complicated, but it must clearly show how your EHR solution fits into the workflow.
  • Outline a use case that illustrates the details of each step in your future-state workflow in a real-world scenario.
  • Consider the organizational changes that would be necessary to make the transition from the current-state to the future-state workflow. For example, how would organizational and departmental buy-in be obtained, and how would training and support for staff be provided?
  • Examine possible implementation strategies for integrating your redesigned workflow into the current workflow.  To complete Part 3 of the Course Project:

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  1. Create a Visio model of the future-state workflow, clearly illustrating the solution you would implement to address the gaps in the current-state workflow (See attached previous papers).
  2. Then, in a 3- to 4-page paper, respond to the following:
    1. Explain the proposed solution you selected, how it addresses the major gap you identified in the current-state workflow, and how it is related to meaningful use.
    2. Create a detailed use case of a real-world scenario that shows the steps of the future-state workflow you developed. Redesigning the Current State Workflow
    3. Outline the major steps and organizational changes that would be necessary to transition from the current-state to the future-state workflow.
    4. Explain one potential implementation strategy that would be useful for this project. Justify the strategy’s appropriateness for your workflow and practice setting.
  3. In a reference list, cite a minimum of four scholarly references (with APA citations) that you used to identify your solution, write your use case, and outline the organizational process for transitioning from the current to the future state.

Required Readings

Dennis, A., Wixom, B. H., & Roth, R. M. (2015). Systems analysis and design (6th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.

  • Review Chapter 3, “Requirements Determination” (pp. 81–116)  
  • Chapter 4, “Use Case Analysis” (pp. 120–149)  This chapter explains the purpose of a use case and describes its various parts. The chapter also reviews the process used to create a use case. McGonigle, D., & Mastrian, K. G. (2015). Nursing informatics and the foundation of knowledge (3rd ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones and Bartlett Learning. 
  • Chapter 14, “Nursing Informatics: Improving Workflow and Meaningful Use”  Review this chapter. Choi, J., & Kim, H. (2012). A workflow-oriented framework-driven implementation and local adaptation of clinical information systems: A case study of nursing documentation system implementation at a tertiary rehabilitation hospital. Computers, Informatics, Nursing, 30(8), 409–414.Retrieved from the Walden Library databases. This article focuses on designing nursing documentation systems that provide the optimal amount of information to nurses as they work with patients. Workflow optimization involves tailoring the system to meet the unique needs of each user and organization.  Unertl, K. M., Johnson, K. B., & Lorenzi, N. M. (2012). Health information exchange technology on the front lines of healthcare: Workflow factors and patterns of use. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, 19(3), 392–400.Retrieved from the Walden Library databases. In this article, the authors identified the most common reasons cited by medical care personal for utilizing a health information exchange (HIE) system. Reasons included gathering information on recent hospital visits, verifying patient’s description of health concerns, and seeking online referrals and consultations from other professionals.  California HealthCare Foundation. (2010). Workflow redesign: A model for California clinics. Retrieved from http://www.chcf.org/~/media/MEDIA LIBRARY Files/PDF/PDF W/PDF WorkflowRedesignOPCCModelCalifClinics.pdf This report provides an example of how to approach the process of redesigning workflow within a health care organization to maximize efficiency in patient care. Working with a number of clinics, the researchers gathered data on office efficiency and access to care. Required Media Laureate Education, Inc. (Executive Producer). (2012c). A redesigned workflow diagram. Baltimore, MD: Author. This multimedia piece continues to build on the scenario introduced in Week 1. In this segment, the health care facility creates a workflow diagram with assessment that maps the current workflow.  Redesigning the Current State Workflow

Project Evaluation Lessons Learned and Synthesis of Insights Gained

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Though project managers often gain a great deal of experiential knowledge through the project management process, project evaluation offers them a chance to formalize the lessons they have learned.

Part 3 of the Individual Project focuses on issues related to evaluating the success of a project and the debriefing process for capturing lessons learned. If conducting an interview, your interviewee must be able to speak to these topics. Alternatively, you may examine a minimum of three organizations that have published descriptions about the evaluation and debriefing process of a health care information technology project. Project Evaluation Lessons Learned and Synthesis of Insights Gained

Interview

To prepare:

  • Review the Individual Project Overview document linked in this week’s Learning Resources for additional information on this project. Pay particular attention to the questions you should ask in your interview.
  • Locate a professional who manages or works on special projects in health care and is willing to speak about his or her experience.
  • If such a person is not readily available to you, find someone in your community who has managed a project for an organization. The organization can be a volunteer service group, a faith-based group, a business, or another that meets your needs. The goal is to find an individual who has been in charge of a project important to the organization.
  • Review the topics and questions below that should be addressed in your interview.
  • Think about other related questions you might have for your interviewee and solidify your goals for speaking to and learning from this person.  Topics and Questions: As in the other interviews, you will need to adapt your questions to the individual,setting, and projects. You are not required to ask these specific questions, but you arerequired to address the topics listed below (Note: If the interviewee cannot address atopic, conduct a literature search to find scholarly information or research on that topic).  Evaluation ·
  • What tools or strategies do you use to evaluate the success of a project?· Can you give an example of a project that failed (or was not successful)?  Lessons Learned ·
  • Describe the project outcomes o What were some successful outcomes of the project? Were the projectgoals met? Project Evaluation Lessons Learned and Synthesis of Insights Gained
  • How do you conduct a debriefing of the project with the project team?
  • What happens to the information gained from the debriefing?
  • How do the project team and the organization support project debriefing? · Companies have historically looked at technical skills, but more and morebusiness managers are realizing that the absence of good “people” skills tends tocripple projects. What are three critically important things a project manager (orproject team member) must do well to help a project succeed? Please add questions of your own, including asking for advice for the future from yourinterviewee.  To complete: In a 4- to 6-page paper in APA format with a minimum of 4 references from the list below. Reflect on your experience and address the following level one headings as numbered below: 
  1. Describe the context of your interview—where and how the interview took place, why you
  2. selected this individual, and how you believe this individual meets the requirements for this Assignment.
  3. Describe the role and functions of the individual within the context of the individual’s organizational structure and for project management.
  4. Synthesize insights on how evaluation and debriefing are addressed in the interviewee’s organization.
  5. Compare the insights from your interview with information from project management literature about evaluation and debriefing. Be sure that the comparisons you make are clear to the reader.
  6. Explain how your insights into these aspects of project management will impact your ability to successfully manage health care information technology projects. Include any tips the individual described for managing a successful project.
  7. Synthesize insights and conclusions gained from your interviews about project management and how project management is conducted in the interviewee’s organization.
  8. Summarize how evaluations and debriefings in the real-world setting of the interviewee and compare to the project management literature.
  9. Address how the use or non-use of formal project management could impact the success of health care information technology projects. Use literature sources to support your perspectives on this topic.
  1. Do not cut and paste all of the content from the first two parts of the Assignment. You have to synthesize the key concepts, insights, principles, etc. from each part of the Assignment into a cohesive, understandable whole.  Project Evaluation Lessons Learned and Synthesis of Insights Gained

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Required Readings

Coplan, S., & Masuda, D. (2011). Project management for healthcare information technology. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.

  • Chapter 3, “Project Management”
    • “Time Management” (pp. 59–68) This section of Chapter 3 focuses on how project managers may plan and control a project schedule to complete a project in a given timeframe. The chapter explains the various aspects of tasks, resources, and scheduling that are necessary for effective time management.   Project Management Institute. (2013). A guide to the project management body of knowledge (PMBOK guide) (5th ed.). Newtown Square, PA: Author.
  • Chapter 6 “Project Time Management” (pp. 141–192)  This chapter provides an overview of processes that can be used to manage a project so that it is completed on time: defining activities, sequencing activities, estimating activity resources, estimating activity durations, developing a schedule, and controlling a schedule.  Biffi, M.-H. (2008). Linking the estimate, the schedule and the cost control through a standardized WBS. AACE International Transactions, 1–11.Retrieved from the Walden Library databases. This article explores how a WBS can link almost all the aspects of a project. The author describes how a WBS can be the starting point for many other documents that organize a project. Fretty, P. (2012). On the right track. PM Network, 26(9), 50–55.Retrieved from the Walden Library databases. This article examines the consequences of accelerating a project schedule and provides guidelines for when a project should be “fast-tracked.”  Pells, D. L. (2012). Seek the truth! [Special section, Editorial]. PM World Today, 14(2), 1–10.Retrieved from the Walden Library databases. The author of this editorial stresses the importance of honesty in project planning and project management in general, providing numerous examples in which honesty leads to better outcomes.  Somani, S. (2008, August). On deadline. PM Network, 22(8),  26.Retrieved from the Walden Library databases. In this article, the author discusses the importance of adhering to set timelines in project management.  Wing, K. T. (2010). The discipline of finishing. Strategic Finance, 92(1), 17–18.Retrieved from the Walden Library databases. This article provides guidelines for successfully completing projects. The author examines topics such as schedule conflicts, ineffective time management, and self-imposed discipline.  Office Online (2014). Link tasks in a project. Retrieved from https://support.office.com/en-us/article/Link-tasks-in-a-project-31b918ce-4b71-475c-9d6b-0ee501b4be57?ui=en-US&rs=en-US&ad=US In this article, the author describes the different types of task dependencies and offers suggestions for choosing the correct dependency type.  Heather. (2008, July 28). Back to basics: Understanding task dependencies [Blog post]. Retrieved from http://blogs.msdn.com/b/project/archive/2008/07/29/back-to-basics-understanding-task-dependencies.aspx This article reviews the four types of dependencies available in Microsoft Project. The author provides guidelines for when each dependency type is appropriate.    Required Media  Laureate Education (Producer). (2013d). Planning, part II: Scheduling project activities and resources[Video file]. Retrieved from https://class.waldenu.edu Note: The approximate length of this media piece is 19 minutes. In this presentation, the participants discuss the scheduling of project activities and resources and the software tools that can be used to do so. They also explain what is meant in project management by “the critical path.” Project Evaluation Lessons Learned and Synthesis of Insights Gained

Literature for the Quantitative Research

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The focus of Week 1 has been on the theory-practice-research cycle, quantitative and qualitative research, the levels-of-evidence pyramid and the research question.

Quantitative Research Question

Write a quantitative research question using the PICO(T) model about a health or safety issue observed in the Ironridge or Summerville communities. 
Conduct a search of the literature for the quantitative research question.

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Describe the literature search strategies (search terms, databases, filters, search results).  

How many randomized, controlled trials (RCTs) did you find compared to other types of studies?  What level of evidence does an RCT represent? 
Provide a brief, two to three sentence, summary of one quantitative research study.

Qualitative Research Question
Using the same issue, how would you write a qualitative research question using the P (population), I (abstract concept) from the PICO(T) model. What qualitative research method (Phenomenology, Grounded Theory, Ethnography) would you select?  The abstract concept and research method must support each other. Literature for the Quantitative Research

Cite at least ONE SCHOLARLY research reference to support your statements in your initial post and at least ONE SCHOLARLY research reference in your response/s to peers.

The scholarly research reference requirement supports the focus of this course–advanced research methods and evidence-based practice and assists in extending your and your peer’s research knowledge.  Literature for the Quantitative Research

MERCURY INTAKE DURING PREGNANCY

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Fish contains beneficial nutrients such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) that promote healthy brain development in the fetus. However, unfortunately most fish contain mercury. This poses a dilemma for pregnant women because mercury is a toxic metal pollutant that causes neurological and other health problems. The toxicity of inorganic mercury pollution is magnified in the environment because bacteria biotransform it into highly toxic methylmercury. Children who are exposed prenatally to methylmercury are especially vulnerable to the chemical’s neurotoxic effects.

For this assignment:

  • Read the prenatal fish consumption advisory issued jointly by the EPA and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2004 (available at http://water.epa.gov/scitech/swguidance/fishshellfish/outreach/advice_index.cfm). Take a special note of the advice about the types of fish. Since mercury bioaccumulates (i.e., not easily excreted from the body), larger predatory fish, which eat many fish containing small amounts of mercury, contain higher levels of mercury (e.g., shark, swordfish, king mackerel, and tilefish). MERCURY INTAKE DURING PREGNANCY
  • Go to the seafood section of your local grocery store, a local fish market, or a local seafood restaurant. Determine if shark, swordfish, king mackerel, or tilefish are for sale. Examine the displays, packaging, or menu warnings about fish consumption and pregnancy and breastfeeding.

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  • Read the following article:Oken, E., Radesky, J. S., Wright, R. O., Bellinger, D. C., Amarasiriwardena,
               C. J., Kleinman, K. P., … Gillman, M. W. (2008). Maternal fish intake
               during pregnancy, blood mercury levels, and child cognition at age 3
               years in a US cohort. American Journal of Epidemiology, 167(10),
               1171–1181.This study was able to separate the potential nutritional benefits of fish consumption during pregnancy from the potential harmful effects of low-level mercury exposure from fish. Review the abstract and the mothers’ blood mercury levels according to the amount of fish consumed per week (top of Table 1, page 1175). The introduction to the paper summarizes the nutritional benefits from fish, e.g., as a source of DHA that many women otherwise lack in their diets. In addition, review Figure 1, which shows childhood cognitive test results for mothers who consumed more fish and for mothers with higher blood mercury levels.
  • Conduct research on the Internet to learn more about Minamata disease and its origins. The population was exposed to high levels of methylmercury by consuming fish that contained very high levels of the pollutant as a result of industrial discharge into Minamata Bay. The first signs that something was wrong were that fish swam crazily, sea birds were unable to fly, and cats began dancing strangely. Congenital Minamata disease was the first transplacental toxic disorder that was scientifically established; before that time, it was believed that the placenta protected the fetus from hazardous chemicals. MERCURY INTAKE DURING PREGNANCY
  • Prepare a 2-page report in a Microsoft Word document addressing the following:
    • Summarize briefly the 2004 EPA and FDA fish consumption advisory, including the advice for pregnant and nursing women and women who could become pregnant.
    • Summarize briefly the key findings of the study by Oken et al. Briefly describe the ways in which the mercury-associated adverse cognitive effects measured in the three-year-old children in the study differ from the syndrome of congenital Minamata disease.
    • Report what you found when you looked for fish consumption advisories and for shark, swordfish, king mackerel, and tilefish at your local grocery store, a local fish market, or a local seafood restaurant. Devote approximately one-third to one-half of a page to this section of your report.
    • Justify your answers to the following questions using information from the above mentioned sources and relevant information from any other reputable sources:
      • What advice about fish consumption would you give to pregnant and nursing women?
      • What would be your advice for women who could become pregnant?
      • In what way, if any, should the public health system become involved in disseminating the fish consumption advisory to women? Devote approximately two-thirds of a page to this section of your report. MERCURY INTAKE DURING PREGNANCY

CREATING A FLOWCHART TO ANALYSE WORKFLOW

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CREATING A FLOWCHART TO ANALYSE WORKFLOW

Workflow analysis aims to determine workflow patterns that maximize the effective use of resources and minimize activities that do not add value. There are a variety of tools that can be used to analyze the workflow of processes and clarify potential avenues for eliminating waste. Flowcharts are a basic and commonly used workflow analysis method that can help highlight areas in need of streamlining. CREATING A FLOWCHART TO ANALYSE WORKFLOW

In this Assignment, you select a common event that occurs regularly in your organization and create a flowchart representing the workflow. You analyze the process you have diagrammed and propose changes for improvement.

To prepare:

·         Identify a common, simple event that frequently occurs in your organization that you would like to evaluate.

·         Consider how you would design a flowchart to represent the current workflow.

·         Consider what metrics you would use to determine the effectiveness of the current workflow and identify areas of waste.

To complete:

Write a 4- to 5-page paper which includes the following:

·         Create a simple flowchart of the activity you selected. (Review the Sample Workflow of Answering a Telephone in an Office document found in this week’s Learning Resources for an example.)

·         Next, in your paper:

o    Explain the process you have diagrammed.

o    For each step or decision point in the process, identify the following:

§  Who does this step? (It can be several people.)

§  What technology is used? CREATING A FLOWCHART TO ANALYSE WORKFLOW

§  What policies and rules are involved in determining how, when, why, or where the step is executed?

§  What information is needed for the execution of this step?

o    Describe the metric that is currently used to measure the soundness of the workflow. Is it effective?

o    Describe any areas where improvements could occur and propose changes that could bring about these improvements in the workflow.

o    Summarize why it is important to be aware of the flow of an activity.

PLEASE SEE THE SAMPLE WORKFLOW PAPER I ATTACHED.

ORDER   A PLAGIARISM FREE PAPER   NOW

·         Remember to include a cover page, introduction, and summary for your paper.

Submit the Assignment.

Note: This paper will serve as the Portfolio Assignment for the course.

REFERENCES

McGonigle, D., & Mastrian, K. G. (2015). Nursing informatics and the foundation of knowledge (3rd ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones and Bartlett Learning.

  • Chapter 14, “Nursing Informatics: Improving Workflow and Meaningful Use”

    This chapter reviews the reasons for conducting workflow analysis and design. The author explains specific workflow analysis and redesign techniques.

Huser, V., Rasmussen, L. V., Oberg, R., & Starren, J. B. (2011). Implementation of workflow engine technology to deliver basic clinical decision support functionality. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 11(1), 43–61.

Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

In this article, the authors describe an implementation of workflow engine technology to support clinical decision making. The article describes some of the pitfalls of implementation, along with successful and future elements.

Koppel, R., & Kreda, D. A. (2010). Healthcare IT usability and suitability for clinical needs: Challenges of design, workflow, and contractual relations. Studies in Health Technology and Informatics, 157, 7–14.

Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

This article points to many health information technology designs and workflow decisions that limit their value and usage. The authors also examine the structure of the conceptual relationships between HIT vendors and the clinical facilities that purchase HIT. CREATING A FLOWCHART TO ANALYSE WORKFLOW

Acting as a Moral Agent Facilitating the Resolution of The Issue for a Positive Outcome

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For Dr. Keloki Reborn only

As you engage in this learning process, it is important to remember that everyone—regardless of temperament type or related preferences—experiences some challenges with regard to leadership. The key to success is being able to recognize and leverage your own strengths while honoring differences among your colleagues.

At some point in your leadership career, you will encounter an ethical or moral dilemma that requires you to take a stand and defend your position. Acting as a Moral Agent Facilitating the Resolution of The Issue for a Positive Outcome

For this Assignment, you evaluate an issue and consider how you could act as a moral agent or advocate, facilitating the resolution of the issue for a positive outcome.

To prepare:

  • Consider the examples of leadership demonstrated in this week’s media presentation and the other Learning Resources.
  • To further your self-knowledge, you are required to complete the Kiersey Temperament as indicated in this week’s Learning Resources. Consider your leadership style, including your strengths for leading others and include your results from Kiersey Temperament Sorter to describe potential challenges related to your leadership style.
  • Mentally survey your work environment, or one with which you are familiar, and identify a timely issue/dilemma that requires you to perform the leadership role of moral agent or advocate to improve a situation (e.g., speaking or acting on behalf of a vulnerable patient, the need for appropriate staffing, a colleague being treated unfairly).
  • What ethical, moral, or legal skills, dispositions, and/or strategies would help you resolve this dilemma? Define the differences between ethical, moral, and legal leadership.
  • Finally, consider the values and principles that guide the nursing profession; the organization’s mission, vision, and values; the leadership and management competencies addressed in this course; and your own values and reasons for entering the profession. What motivation do you see for taking a stand on an important issue even when it is difficult to do so? Acting as a Moral Agent Facilitating the Resolution of The Issue for a Positive Outcome

ORDER   A PLAGIARISM FREE PAPER   NOW

To complete:

By Day 7

Write a 4 to 5 page paper (page count does not include title and reference page) that addresses the following:

  • Introduce the conceptual frameworks of the ethical constructs of ethics, moral, or legal standards and the purpose of the paper.
  • Consider  an ethical, moral, or legal dilemma that you have encountered in your work environment and describe it.
  • Analyze the moral, ethical, and legal implications utilized in this situation. Describe your role as a moral agent or advocate for this specific issue.
  • Consider your leadership styles identified by your self-assessment and determine if they act as a barrier or facilitation during this dilemma. 

References

Marquis, B. L., & Huston, C. J. (2015). Leadership roles and management functions in nursing: Theory and application (8th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins. Acting as a Moral Agent Facilitating the Resolution of The Issue for a Positive Outcome