SOAP NOTE SUBMISSIONS

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Patient has to be less than 18 years old

In addition to Journal Entries, SOAP Note submissions are a way to reflect on your Practicum experiences and connect these experiences to your classroom experience. SOAP Notes, such as the ones required in this course, are often used in clinical settings to document patient care. Please refer to this week’s Learning Resources for guidance on writing SOAP Notes.

Select a patient who you examined during the last 3 weeks. With this patient in mind, address the following in a SOAP Note:

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  • Subjective: What details did the patient or parent provide regarding the personal and medical history? Include any discrepancies between the details provided by the child and details provided by the parent, as well as possible reasons for these discrepancies.
  • Objective: What observations did you make during the physical assessment? Include pertinent positive and negative physical exam findings. Describe whether the patient presented with any growth and development or psychosocial issues.
  • Assessment: What were your differential diagnoses? Provide a minimum of three possible diagnoses. List them from highest priority to lowest priority. What was your primary diagnosis and why?
  • Plan: What was your plan for diagnostics and primary diagnosis? What was your plan for treatment and management? Include pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic treatments, alternative therapies, and follow-up parameters, as well as a rationale for this treatment and management plan.
  • Reflection notes: What was your “aha” moment? What would you do differently in a similar patient evaluation?

SPIRITUAL DECISION MAKING IN HEALTH CARE

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Details:

 

In addition to the topic study materials, use the chart you completed and questions you answered in the Topic 3 about “Case Study: Healing and Autonomy” as the basis for your responses in this assignment.

Answer the following questions about a patient’s spiritual needs in light of the Christian worldview.

1. In 200-250 words, respond to the following: Should the physician allow Mike to continue making decisions that seem to him to be irrational and harmful to James, or would that mean a disrespect of a patient’s autonomy? Explain your rationale SPIRITUAL DECISION MAKING IN HEALTH CARE.

2. In 400-500 words, respond to the following: How ought the Christian think about sickness and health? How should a Christian think about medical intervention? What should Mike as a Christian do? How should he reason about trusting God and treating James in relation to what is truly honoring the principles of beneficence and nonmaleficence in James’s care?

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3. In 200-250 words, respond to the following: How would a spiritual needs assessment help the physician assist Mike determine appropriate interventions for James and for his family or others involved in his care?

Remember to support your responses with the topic study materials.

While APA style is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and documentation of sources should be presented using APA formatting guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Refer to the LopesWrite Technical Support articles for assistance SPIRITUAL DECISION MAKING IN HEALTH CARE.

COMBINING NURSE LEADER WITH ADVOCACY

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Write a reflection of 750-1,000 words in which you identify your strengths and weaknesses related to the four content areas below:

  1. Personal and professional accountability
  2. Career planning
  3. Personal journey disciplines
  4. Reflective practice reference behaviors/tenets

Discuss how you will use your current leadership skill set to advocate for change in your workplace.

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Identify one personal goal for your leadership growth and discuss your implementation plan to achieve that goal.

While APA format is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected and in-text citations and references should be presented using APA documentation guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to Turnitin. Please refer to the directions in the Student Success Center.

RUBRICS

 Identification of strengths and weaknesses related to the four content areas listed. 

 Discussion of use of current leadership skills to advocate change in the workplac 

 Reflection on personal goal for leadership growth and development of implementation plan to reach goal COMBINING NURSE LEADER WITH ADVOCACY 

Net Revenue and Budgeting

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No one can predict the future, but accountants and financial managers must try and do exactly that!  By examining net revenue, costs, and cash flow, you can get a clearer picture of what to expect in your organization’s (or one with which you are familiar) fiscal future. Using these metrics to look forward will enable you to more effectively plan budgets that accomplish organizational goals.

When developing a budget, what variables do you have to take into account? In health care organizations, two of the largest groups of factors that you must consider are first, volume, and second, staffing and supply. The number of patients and tests performed each day, as well as employees and their pay rates are all crucial pieces of information when determining a budget Net Revenue and Budgeting.

In this Assignment, you address five scenarios: net revenue, fixed and variable costs, cash flow, volume budget, and staffing and supplies budget.

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Note: For those Assignments in this course that require you to perform calculations you must:

  • Use the Excel spreadsheet template for the Week 5 assignment.
  • Show all your calculations and formulas in the spreadsheet.
  • Answer any questions included with the problems (as text in the Excel spreadsheet).

A title and reference page are NOT needed in this assignment.  Put your name and assignment at the top of the Excel spreadsheet.

For those not comfortable with the use of Microsoft Excel, this week’s Optional Resources suggest several tutorials.

To prepare:

  • Review the information in this week’s Learning Resources regarding net revenue, fixed and variable costs, and cash flow, and how they are used in financial decision making. 
  • Review the budgeting information in Week 5 Learning Resources dealing with volume, staffing, and supplies budget.
  • View the following tutorial videos, provided in this week’s Learning Resources.
    • Week 5 Application Assignment Tutorial: Cash Flow Scenario
    • Week 5 Application Assignment Tutorial: Fixed Variable Scenario
    • Week 5 Application Assignment Tutorial: Net Revenue Scenario
    • Week 5 Application Assignment Tutorial: Staffing and Supply Budget Scenario
    • Week 5 Application Assignment Tutorial: Volume Budget Scenario
  • Use the Week 5 Application Assignment Template, provided in this week’s Learning Resources, to complete this assignment. Carefully examine the information in each of the scenarios and provide the necessary calculations. Using this information will help you answer the questions.

Note: All the scenarios will be submitted as one document.  Each scenario will be on a different tab in the spreadsheet.

Scenario 1: Net Revenue Scenario

Your clinic provides four kinds of services: Net Revenue and Budgeting

  • Comprehensive initial medical consultation is priced at $250
  • Established patient limited visit is priced at $75
  • Established patient intermediate visit is priced at $125
  • Established patient comprehensive visit is priced at $250

Question: The profile of your patients is such that the average collection rate is 75%. Assuming you have 100 visits of each type each month, what amount of new revenue will you generate in the next 12 months?

Scenario 2: Fixed/Variable Cost Scenario

You have performed a cost analysis of your health care organization and have determined the following: based on the latest three years of information, your annual cost of operations is $1,600,000 with annual volume of 10,000 procedures. You have determined that certain of your supply items are fixed in nature (those marked with an F) while others are variable (marked with a V).

Question: An insurance company that is considering directing its 1,000 units per year of procedure business to your organization has approached you. For the last three years, you have been charging a price of $165 per procedure (with a 100% collection rate).

Your board has mandated that you make $5 of profit from each of the procedures. You obviously want the highest possible price, but as you enter the negotiations, what is the lowest possible price you would be willing to accept from this payer?

Hint: Calculate the variable cost.

Scenario 3: Cash Flow Scenario

Your new business venture will begin operation on July 1, 20X2. You will hire staff effective January 1, 20X2 with a cost of $40,000 per month. You know from experience that collections lag billing by 3 months (in other words, once you bill for a service, you must wait 90 days for the payment to be received.) Your business volume is projected to be as follows:

Question: If you have $380,000 of cash on hand on January 1, 20X2, how much cash will you have at the end of June 20X3?  Assume a 100% collection rate Net Revenue and Budgeting.

Scenario 4: Volume Budget Scenario

You manage lab services in a large hospital. You have the following data on both the hospital’s budgeted patient days and visits for budget year 20XX along with the ratio of lab tests to patient days or visits.

Question: Based on this raw data provided , how many lab tests would you anticipate for the coming budget year? If each test is priced at $20.00, how much gross revenue would you budget? Assuming each full-time lab technician (FTE) can perform 200,000 tests each year, how many full-time lab technicians would you plan for?

Example on Template: 2 North Bldg calculated.  You will need to complete 2 South Bldg, ICU and OPD

Scenario 5: Staffing and Supply Budget Scenario

Calculate the supplies budget necessary to operate your unit for the fiscal year beginning January 1, 20X8. It is your expectation that you will perform 24,820 procedures in the budget year. The following spending data is available for the period January 1 to March 31, 20X7 during which time procedure volume amounted to 3,240. Items marked (F) are considered fixed, those marked (V) are considered variable. Inflation is planned at 4%.

In reviewing performance to date, you note that in January, you purchased $150,000 of D5W fluid replacement charged to IV solutions, which represents an entire year’s supply. In addition, you returned $2,800 of office supplies for credit from the vendor in Febuary. These supplies were purchased in a previous fiscal year.

You also need to prepare the salary budget for the same fiscal year. You have determined that staff needs are for 6.5 FTEs.

A pay raise will be given to all staff on October 1st of each year at a rate of 8 percent. In making your calculations, always round to the nearest whole dollar for annual salary amounts, but keep pennies in the hourly pay rates. New staff begins the new fiscal year at $16.00 per hour.

This Assignment will be due by Day 7 of Week 5. Be sure and include all of your calculations Net Revenue and Budgeting.

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY CASE STUDY

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No Plegarism please, assignemnt will be checked with Turnitin. 

Will need 4 full pages double spaced for the case study, APA Style, Times New Roman, font 12, Title Page and a Reference page. 

In your discussion be sure to include evidence of your knowledge of tissue and organ structure and function to physiologic alterations in systems and analyze the cause and effect relationship in response to disease.

Make sure all of the questions in the case study have been addressed and answered. 

Cite at least 3 References; journal articles, textbooks, or evidenced-based websites to support the content. 3.

All sources must be within five years (2012-2017).

Case Study 7 Disorders of Hemostasis

Leona is 52 years old and smokes. She is also overweight and has atherosclerosis. When she was given a two-week vacation from work, she packed up her bags and flew from Minnesota to Sydney, Australia, for the trip she always wanted to take. Unfortunately, just three days after she arrived, she was hospitalized when her left calf became inflamed, causing her considerable pain. The physician attending to her told her she developed a deep vein thrombosis PATHOPHYSIOLOGY CASE STUDY.

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Explain, using your knowledge of hypercoagulability, why the trip to Australia contributed to Leona’s DVT? 

Why was Leona already at risk for thrombus development?How does Leona’s atherosclerosis affect platelet function? Conversely, what is the effect of increased platelet activity on the development of atherosclerosis?

How do atherosclerosis and immobility promote changes in blood coagulation?

When Leona was in hospital, she received heparin therapy. Explain why this course of action was taken to treat her DVT. Why was she not given heparin tablets to take back to the hotel with her? PATHOPHYSIOLOGY CASE STUDY

INTERPROFESSION PRACTICE

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This week your Discussion will focus on interprofessional practice. This Discussion is an opportunity for you to examine your perspective and experiences with interprofessional collaborative practice and to apply your knowledge to managing patient care.

To prepare:

Identify a professional nursing organization and review their position on interprofessional practice

Review the following case study: INTERPROFESSION PRACTICE

Case Study:

Ms. Tuckerno has been diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS). The patient receives care at an internal medicine clinic. Her internist is not in the office today and she is being treated by the nurse practitioner. The patient is on two medications for her MS, three different blood pressure medications, one medication for thyroid disease, one diabetic pill daily, insulin injections twice a day, she uses medical cannabis, and uses eye drops for glaucoma. Upon assessing the patient, the nurse practitioner (NP) decides her treatment plan should be adjusted. The NP discontinues some of the patient’s meds and discontinues medical cannabis. She orders the patient to follow up in two weeks.

The patient returns and is seen by her internist. The internist speaks with the patient and reviews her medical chart. The internist states to the patient, “I am dissatisfied with the care you received from the nurse practitioner.” The internist places the patient back on originally prescribed medications and medical cannabis.

Post  2 pages on : An explanation of your understanding of interprofessional practice.

 Also, explain the position on interprofessional practice for a professional nursing organization that you are a member of or of which you plan to become a member.

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 Then, explain what you think is the best collaborative approach to manage Ms. Tuckerno’s care.

References

Required Readings

Altman, S. H., Butler, A. S., Shern, L. (Eds.). (2015). Assessing Progress on the IOM Report The Future of Nursing. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. Retrieved from http://www.nationalacademies.org/hmd/Reports/2015/Assessing-Progress-on-the-IOM-Report-The-Future-of-Nursing.aspx doi: 10.17226/21838

Bankston, K., & Glazer, G., (2013) Legislative: Interprofessional collaboration: What’s taking so long? OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 19(1).

Buppert, C. (2015). Appendix 11-D: Sample Professional Services Agreement. In Nurse Practitioner’s Business Practice and Legal Guide (5th ed.) (417-422). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett.

Buppert, C. (2015). Legal Scope of Nurse Practitioner Practice. In Nurse Practitioner’s Business Practice and Legal Guide (5th ed.) (37-78). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett.

 Hain, D., & Fleck, L. (2014). Barriers to nurse practitioner practice that impact healthcare redesign. OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 19(2).

Note: Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

Hamric, A. B., Hanson, C. M., Tracy, M. F., & O’Grady, E. T. (2014). Collaboration. In Advanced Practice Nursing: An Integrative Approach (5th ed.) (299-327). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders INTERPROFESSION PRACTICE.

CELLULITIS OF LEG DUE TO DIABETES

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 The case scenario provided will be used to answer the discussion questions that follow.

Case Scenario

Ms. G., a 23-year-old diabetic, is admitted to the hospital with a cellulitis of her left lower leg. She has been applying heating pads to the leg for the last 48 hours, but the leg has become more painful and she has developed chilling.

Subjective Data

  • Complains of pain and heaviness in her leg.
  • States she cannot bear weight on her leg and has been in bed for 3 days.
  • Lives alone and has not had anyone to help her with meals CELLULITIS OF LEG DUE TO DIABETES.

Objective Data

  • Round, yellow-red, 2 cm diameter, 1 cm deep, open wound above medial malleolus with moderate amount of thick yellow drainage
  • Left leg red from knee to ankle
  • Calf measurement on left 3 in > than right
  • Temperature: 38.9 degrees C
  • Height: 160 cm; Weight: 83.7 kg

Laboratory Results

Critical Thinking Questions

  1. What clinical manifestations are present in Ms. G and what recommendations would you make for continued treatment? Provide rationale for your recommendations.
  2. Identify the muscle groups likely to be affected by Ms. G’s condition by referring to “ARC: Anatomy Resource Center.”
  3. What is the significance of the subjective and objective data provided with regard to follow-up diagnostic/laboratory testing, education, and future preventative care? Provide rationale for your answer.
  4. What factors are present in this situation that could delay wound healing, and what precautions are required to prevent delayed wound healing? Explain CELLULITIS OF LEG DUE TO DIABETES.

ACCESSING CLIENT FAMILIES

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To prepare:

· Select a client family that you have observed or counseled at your practicum site.

· Review pages 137–142 of Wheeler (2014) and the Hernandez Family Genogram 

  video in this week’s Learning Resources. (SEE ATTACHED VIDEO TRANSCRIPT)

· Reflect on elements of writing a comprehensive client assessment and creating a  

  genogram for the client you selected ACCESSING CLIENT FAMILIES.

                                                                         The Assignment

                                          Part 1: Comprehensive Client Family Assessment

Create a comprehensive client assessment for your selected client family that addresses (without violating HIPAA regulations) the following:

· Demographic information

· Presenting problem

· History or present illness

· Past psychiatric history

· Medical history

· Substance use history

· Developmental history

· Family psychiatric history

· Psychosocial history

· History of abuse and/or trauma

· Review of systems

· Physical assessment

· Mental status exam

· Differential diagnosis

· Case formulation

· Treatment plan

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                                                Part 2: Family Genogram

Develop a genogram for the client family you selected. The genogram should extend back at least three generations (parents, grandparents, and great grandparents).

N:B. (1)PLEASE THIS ASSIGNMENT HAS 2 PARTS, AND I HAVE ATTACHED A SAMPLE OF THE ASSIGNMENT, BUT THE SAMPLE TALKS ONLY ABOUT HERNANDEZ, BUT THIS ASSIGNMENT IS FOCUS ON HERNANDEZ FAMILY. 

(2). HERNANDEZ FAMILY GENOGRAM VIDEO TRANSCRIPT IS ATTACHED INCASE YOU CAN NOT VIEW THE VIDEO ACCESSING CLIENT FAMILIES

                                                      Learning Resources

Required Readings

Nichols, M. (2014). The essentials of family therapy (6th ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson.

  • Chapter 8, “Experiential      Family Therapy” (pp. 129–147)
  • Chapter 13, “Narrative Therapy” (pp. 243–258)

Wheeler, K. (Ed.). (2014). Psychotherapy for the advanced practice psychiatric nurse: A how-to guide for evidence-based practice. New York, NY: Springer.

  • “Genograms” pp. 137-142

Cohn, A. S. (2014). Romeo and Julius: A narrative therapy intervention for sexual-minority couples. Journal of Family Psychotherapy, 25(1), 73–77. doi:10.1080/08975353.2014.881696

Escudero, V., Boogmans, E., Loots, G., & Friedlander, M. L. (2012). Alliance rupture and repair in conjoint family therapy: An exploratory study. Psychotherapy, 49(1), 26–37. doi:10.1037/a0026747

Freedman, J. (2014). Witnessing and positioning: Structuring narrative therapy with families and couples. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Family Therapy, 35(1), 20–30. doi:10.1002/anzf.1043

Phipps, W. D., & Vorster, C. (2011). Narrative therapy: A return to the intrapsychic perspective. Journal of Family Psychotherapy, 22(2), 128–147. doi:10.1080/08975353.2011.578036

Saltzman, W. R., Pynoos, R. S., Lester, P., Layne, C. M., & Beardslee, W. R. (2013). Enhancing family resilience through family narrative co-construction. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 16(3), 294–310. doi:10.1007/s10567-013-0142-2

                                                    Required Media

Governors State University (Producer). (2009). Emotionally focused couples therapy [Video file]. Chicago, IL: Author.

Laureate Education (Producer). (2013b). Hernandez family genogram [Video file]. Baltimore, MD: Author. (SEE ATTACHED VIDEO TRANSCRIPT)

Psychotherapy.net (Producer). (1998). Narrative family therapy [Video file]. San Francisco, CA: Author. ACCESSING CLIENT FAMILIES 

MICROBIOLOGY STUDY

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Answer Clinical Application Questions 1-3 for Chapter 21 on page 614 and Clinical Application Question 1-3 for Chapter 22 on page 642. Answers should be submitted in a word document with any associated references used. 

Answer Clinical Application Questions 1-3 for Chapter 21 on page 614

1) A hospitalized patient recovering from surgery develops an infection that has blue-green pus and a grapelike odor. What is the probable etiology? How might the patient have acquired this infection?

2) A 12-year old diabetic girl using continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion to manager her diabetic developed a fever (39.4  degree C), low blood, abdominal pain, and erythroderma. She was supposed to change the needle-insertion site every 3 days after cleaning the skin with an iodine solution. Frequently she did not change the insertion site more often than every 10 days. Blood culture was negative, and abscesses at insertion sites were not cultured. What is the probable cause of her symptoms? MICROBIOLOGY STUDY

3) A teenage male with confirmed influenza was hospitalized when he developed respiratory distress, He had a fever, rash, and low blood pressure. S. aureus was isolated from his respiratory secretions. Discuss the relationship between his symptoms and the etiological agent

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Clinical Application Question 1-3 for Chapter 22 on page 642.

1) A 1-year-0ld infant was lethargic and had a fever. When admitted to the hospital , he had multiple brain abscesses with gram-negative coccobacilli. Identify the disease, etiology, and treatment.

2)  A 40-year-old bird handler was admitted to the hospital with soreness over his upper jaw, progressive vision loss, and bladder dysfunction. He had been well 2 months earlier. Within weeks he lost reflexes in his lower extremities and subsequently died. Examination of CSF showed lymphocytes. What etiology do you suspect? What further information do you need?

A normal baby gained weight appropriately for 12 weeks. Then she stopped feeding. Her right eardrum was inflamed, she had a stiff neck, and her temperature was 40  degree C. Examination of CSF revealed Gram-negative coccobacilli. Identify the disease and treatment MICROBIOLOGY STUDY

ETHICAL AND LEGAL IMPLICATION OF PRESCRIBING DRUGS

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What type of drug should you prescribe based on your patient’s diagnosis? How much of the drug should the patient receive? How often should the drug be administered? When should the drug not be prescribed? Are there individual patient factors that could create complications when taking the drug? Should you be prescribing drugs to this patient?

These are some of the questions you might consider when selecting a treatment plan for a patient. As an advanced practice nurse prescribing drugs, you are held accountable for people’s lives on a daily basis. Patients and their families will often place trust in you because of your position.

With this trust comes power and responsibility, as well as an ethical and legal obligation to “do no harm.” It is important that you are aware of current professional, legal, and ethical standards for advanced practice nurses with prescriptive authority. In this Discussion, you explore ethical and legal implications of scenarios and consider how to appropriately respond ETHICAL AND LEGAL IMPLICATION OF PRESCRIBING DRUGS.

Scenario 1:

As a nurse practitioner, you prescribe medications for your patients. You make an error when prescribing medication to a 5-year-old patient. Rather than dosing him appropriately, you prescribe a dose suitable for an adult.

Scenario 2:

A friend calls and asks you to prescribe a medication for her. You have this autonomy, but you don’t have your friend’s medical history. You write the prescription anyway.

Scenario 3:

You see another nurse practitioner writing a prescription for her husband who is not a patient of the nurse practitioner. The prescription is for a narcotic. You can’t decide whether or not to report the incident.

Scenario 4:

During your lunch break at the hospital, you read a journal article on pharmacoeconomics. You think of a couple of patients who have recently mentioned their financial difficulties. You wonder if some of the expensive drugs you have prescribed are sufficiently managing the patients’ health conditions and improving their quality of life.

To prepare:

  • – Review Chapter 1 of the Arcangelo and Peterson text, as      well as articles from the American Nurses Association, Anderson and      Townsend, the Drug Enforcement Administration, and Philipsend and Soeken.
  • – Select one of the four scenarios listed above.
  • – Consider the ethical and legal implications of the      scenario for all stakeholders involved such as the prescriber, pharmacist,      patient, and the patient’s family.
  • – Think about two strategies that you, as an advanced      practice nurse, would use to guide your ethically and legally responsible      decision-making in this scenario.

With these thoughts in mind:

Post an explanation of the ethical and legal implications of the scenario you selected on all stakeholders involved such as the prescriber, pharmacist, patient, and the patient’s family. Describe two strategies that you, as an advanced practice nurse, would use to guide your decision making in this scenario.

– This work should have Introduction and conclusion

– This work should have at 3 to 5current references (Year 2012 and up)

– Use at least 2 references from class Learning Resources ETHICAL AND LEGAL IMPLICATION OF PRESCRIBING DRUGS

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The following Resources are not acceptable:

1. Wikipedia

2. Cdc.gov- nonhealthcare professionals section

3. Webmd.com

4. Mayoclinic.com

Required Readings

**Arcangelo, V. P., Peterson, A. M., Wilbur, V., & Reinhold, J. A. (Eds.). (2017). Pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice: A practical approach (4th ed.). Ambler, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

  • Chapter 1, “Issues for the      Practitioner in Drug Therapy” (pp. 3–14)
         This chapter introduces issues relating to drug therapy such as adverse      drug events and medication adherence. It also explores drug safety, the      practitioner’s role and responsibilities in prescribing, and prescription      writing.
  • Chapter 59, “The Economics      of Pharmacotherapeutics” (pp. 1009-1018)
         This chapter analyzes the costs of drug therapy to health care systems and      society and explores practice guideline compliance and current issues in      medical care.
  • Chapter 60, “Integrative Approaches to      Pharmacotherapy—A Look at Complex Cases” (pp. 1021-1036)
         This chapter examines issues in individual patient cases. It explores      concepts relating to evaluation, drug selection, patient education, and      alternative treatment options.

**Crigger, N., & Holcomb, L. (2008). Improving nurse practitioner practice through rational prescribing. The Journal for Nurse Practitioners, 4(2), 120–125.

Note: Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

This article explores issues relating to prescription drugs, specifically the frequency in which drugs are prescribed to patients. It also examines factors to consider before beginning drug therapy plans with patients.

**Philipsen, N. C., & Soeken, D. (2011). Preparing to blow the whistle: A survival guide for nurses. The Journal for Nurse Practitioners, 7(9), 740–746.

Note: Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

This article examines issues that nurses encounter when reporting errors in medical settings. It also outlines the role of ethics and the responsibility of nurses to notify all individuals who are impacted by a medical error.

**American Nurses Association. (2001). Code of ethics for nurses with interpretive statements. Nursing World. Retrieved from http://www.nursingworld.org/MainMenuCategories/EthicsStandards/CodeofEthicsforNurses/Code-of-Ethics-For-Nurses.html

This article outlines ethical standards in the nursing profession and identifies nine provisions of care that must be adhered to by all nurses.

**Anderson, P., & Townsend, T. (2010). Medication errors: Don’t let them happen to you. American Nurse Today, 5(3), 23–28. Retrieved from https://americannursetoday.com/medication-errors-dont-let-them-happen-to-you/

This article examines factors that lead to medication errors as well as consequences of these errors on patients and nurses. It also recommends methods for avoiding and eliminating medication errors.

**Drug Enforcement Administration. (n.d.). Mid-level practitioners authorization by state. Retrieved from August 23, 2012, http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/drugreg/practioners/index.html

This website outlines the schedules for controlled substances, including prescriptive authority for each schedule.

**Drugs.com. (2012). Retrieved from http://www.drugs.com/

This website presents a comprehensive review of prescription and over-the-counter drugs including information on common uses and potential side effects. It also provides updates relating to new drugs on the market, support from health professionals, and a drug-drug interactions checker.

**Institute for Safe Medication Practices. (2012). ISMP’s list of error-prone abbreviations, symbols, and dose designations. Retrieved from http://www.ismp.org/Tools/errorproneabbreviations.pdf

This website provides a list of prescription writing abbreviations that might lead to misinterpretation, as well as suggestions for preventing resulting errors.

**Byrne, W. (2011). U.S. nurse practitioner prescribing law: A state-by-state summary. Medscape Nurses. Retrieved from http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/440315

**Drug Enforcement Administration. (n.d.). Code of federal regulations. Retrieved August 23, 2012, from http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/21cfr/cfr/1300/1300_01.htm ETHICAL AND LEGAL IMPLICATION OF PRESCRIBING DRUGS