Social Technologies in the Workplace

Social Technologies in the Workplace

As a nurse manager, it is imperative to understand how social technologies can impact productivity, peer-to-peer relationships, and patient safety within the workplace. Collaborating with HR to understand policies and the organization’s expectations related to the use of social technologies allows nurse managers to more effectively and appropriately integrate today’s social platforms while mitigating the occurrence of inappropriate behaviors.

For this week’s Discussion, your Instructor will assign you to one of the scenarios below. You will then use that scenario to investigate the social, ethical, and legal ramifications of social technologies.

Scenario One: You have recently been promoted to charge nurse for the day shift in your department. As a result of this promotion, your former peers are now reporting directly to you. You have been working in your setting for five years and consider many of these peers to be your friends. The way that one of your friends posts on social media sites has always bothered you. Many times, her comments are inappropriate, discussing her negative feelings about “ignorant superiors” and “annoying patients.” You also know that she frequently accesses these sites for extended periods of time while patients are waiting to be helped. Now that she reports directly to you, how do you address this? If your workplace does not have a formal policy on social media use, how can you adapt her behaviors to align with the expectations of nursing professionalism? Social Technologies in the Workplace

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Scenario Two: It has been a little over a year since you accepted your nurse management position at a local pediatrics office. Since then, you have observed that many nurses seem uneasy when they work with one of your top physicians. You wonder why so many nurses are hesitant to work with such an experienced physician, particularly since most of your families rave about her dedication and caring nature toward their children. One day, while taking careful observation of your staff, you watch a nurse take out a patient chart and begin to text. The nurse becomes visibly upset as she sees you approach. When you question her about her behavior, she confides that the physician asks all nurses to text patient test results to her. The nurse admits that she feels uncomfortable sending private information via text message and only did so after multiple requests and increasing pressure from the physician. According to ethical and legal guidelines, who is at fault for this error in judgment? Since the nurse is the employee who sent the information, should action be taken against her, against the physician, or against both parties?

Scenario Three: A physician in your setting is an avid user of social media. On many of his personal pages, which include blogs about his various outdoor hobbies, he plasters pictures of himself and his friends out drinking. He also tends to post extreme comments about politics and the economy. Many in your setting joke with him about the intensity of his social life, to which he always comments, “Work hard, play hard.” Though his actions are not hurting the morale of the setting, and his posts are always before or after work hours, should anything be said to this physician? In the future, could your setting experience any ramifications because of his presence in social media? Social Technologies in the Workplace

Scenario Four: The environment in your critical care unit has always been somewhat hectic. However, over the last few months, the morale in your unit has noticeably deteriorated. You learn that nurses have begun to share mass e-mail chains complaining about unfair scheduling treatment. As the nurse manager, you have always tried your best to schedule staff fairly and even allow them to switch their shifts when personal problems arise. Since your effort to talk with staff individually does not seem to be working, you decide to hold a town hall meeting to openly discuss these issues. As you prepare the meeting announcement, you notice e-mails from your hospital administrator, chief operating officer and director of human resources. All are wondering why their inboxes have been inundated with e-mails from upset nurses in your unit. How do you respond to these e-mails? Furthermore, how should you address this situation to improve the morale of your unit?

To prepare

Review this week’s Learning Resources, focusing on the appropriate and inappropriate use of social technologies in the workplace.

Conduct further research on the social, ethical, and legal issues that result from inappropriate use of social technologies both inside and outside work hours.

For example, what laws protect the privacy and free speech of employees? How can workplaces legally safeguard themselves from various social technology issues such as defamation, misrepresentation, or misuse by individual employees? Of what legal ramifications, such as patient privacy and confidentiality laws, should managers be aware?

Reflect on the scenario to which you have been assigned.

How might employee use of social technologies impact the rest of the setting? How might it impact the care given to patients?

As the nursing manager who oversees the employee(s), what strategies (if any) would you employ to effectively address this situation?

Consider the social technology policies of your past or present workplace.

With regard to employee use of social media, do you believe the workplace policy is effective? Why or why not? As a nurse manager, could you use this policy to effectively address the behaviors in your assigned scenario?

Note: Before you submit your initial post, replace the subject line (“Week 11 Discussion”) with “Review of Case Study ___” identifying the number of the case study you were assigned. Social Technologies in the Workplace

Post an explanation of the possible social, ethical, and/or legal ramifications of your assigned scenario. Explain the policy your current or past workplace has on the use of social technologies and how effective you believe the policy is. If your workplace does not have a policy, explain what the accepted practices or expectations are for your setting. Has lack of policy led to any problems? Support your responses by referencing authentic examples from the workplace and this week’s Learning Resources as appropriate.

Read a selection of your colleagues’ responses.

Respond to at least two of your colleagues on two different days using one or more of the following approaches:

Ask a probing question, substantiated with additional background information, evidence, or research.

Share an insight from having read a colleague’s posting, synthesizing the information to provide new perspectives.

Validate an idea with your own experience and additional research.

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Required Readings

Manion, J. (2011). From management to leadership: Strategies for transforming health care (3rd ed.). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.

Chapter 7, “Coaching and Developing Others” (pp. 339–341)

Review the scripting model on these pages. In this chapter, Manion discusses motivation and explains how leaders can make the most of it through coaching. She explains the leader’s role, the coaching role, and the difference between coaching and being a coach.

Alichnie, C. (2012). Social media and nursing. Pennsylvania Nurse, 67(1), 3–10. 

Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

This article discusses the use of social media in nursing. The author determines that social media can be a means to an end if it’s used wisely, professionally, and within legal and ethical boundaries.

Barrett, A., Piatek, C., Korber, S., & Padula, C. (2009). Lessons learned from a lateral violence and team-building intervention. Nursing Administration Quarterly, 33(4), 342–351. 

Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

This study focuses on nurse interaction in relation to lateral violence. The authors conclude that the key to a cohesive work environment is a nurse leader who is able to drive and sustain change.

Barton, S. A., Alamri, M. S., Cella, D., Cherry, K. L., Curll, K., Hallman, B. D., et al. (2011). Dissolving clique behavior. Nursing Management, 42(8), 32–37. 

Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

This article addresses clique behavior in health care settings. The argument is that the current economic climate encourages regression in health care workers.

Brinkert, R. (2010). A literature review of conflict communication causes, costs, benefits and interventions in nursing. Journal of Nursing Management, 18(2), 145–156. 

Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

The author assesses the effects of conflict communication on nursing. The study concludes that conflict will always be a part of nursing but that it can be mitigated if nurse managers use employee-effective intervention methods.

Cronquist, R., & Spector, N. (2011). Nurses and social media: Regulatory concerns and guidelines. Journal of Nursing Regulation, 2(3), 37–40.  Social Technologies in the Workplace

Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

Cronquist and Spector’s article provides nurses with social media guidelines. They also give the reader examples of what happens when social media is used outside of professional, legal, and ethical boundaries.

Greenlund, L. (2011). ED violence: Occupational hazard? Nursing Management, 42(7), 28–32. 

Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

This article analyzes the effects of workplace violence on hospitals’ productivity. Because workplace violence can be costly, the author provides prevention methods.

Hader, R. (2009). Tweeting—not just for the birds. Nursing Management, 40(12), 6. 

Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

This article focuses on what nurse leaders should do about social media in the workplace. New leadership challenges have risen because of this form of communication. Nurse leaders need to ensure that their employees are not violating a patient’s rights to privacy.

Issues & answers. Social media: Implications for nursing: Nursing Practice Statement NP 85. (2011). Ohio Nurses Review, 86(2), 6–7. 

Retrieved from the Walden Library databases

This article informs the reader about the laws and rules that apply to nursing and social media. The authors take a stance on the use of social media and list its benefits and drawbacks.

Kuhns, K. A. (2012). Social media and professional nursing: Friend or foe? Pennsylvania Nurse, 67(1), 4–8. 

Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

Kuhn’s article introduces the reader to the many different types of social media and argues that there is more to social media than Facebook and Twitter. The article then goes on to discuss the pros and cons of the use of social media in the workplace.

Macleod, L. (2011). Avoiding “group think”: A manage’s challenge. Nursing Management, 42(10), 44–48. 

Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

Macleod’s article focuses on the increasing costs of health care. He says that changes need to happen both within and outside of health care settings for this change to be sustainable.

Robinson, M.-A. (2012). Closing perspectives: Navigating the world of social media. Alberta RN, 67(6), 42. 

Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

Robinson’s article addresses the hesitation that many organizations have with social networking. While there are professional benefits, there are also risks and new challenges. Social Technologies in the Workplace

Community Education for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention

Community Education for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention

Please this is not an essay. Just respond to all parts of the question with separate refernces.

Thanks

1.Select an individual (this can be you, a friend, a family member, or a client). Identify screening tests that would be appropriate for this individual based on the criteria presented in this module. Explain what those criteria are. Remember to consider risk factors, age, ethnic background, culture, environment, and current health status. You can use the national health objectives found in Healthy People 2020 as a resource for determining current screening recommendations and risks. Community Education for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention

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For this question please use a 38yr old African American female

2. After reading the discussion section of “Community Education for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention: Risk Factor Change in the Minnesota Heart Health Program,” please respond to the following questions:

  • What interventions are identified?
  • Were the interventions successful? What was the nature of the successful interventions (i.e., was it a health education intervention that worked)?
  • Were the successful interventions cost effective?
  • Were the successful interventions reliable (i.e., could they be reproduced)?What changes would you recommend to optimize the success of the outcomes? Community Education for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention

Recurring conflict with the potential to negatively impact patient care

Recurring conflict with the potential to negatively impact patient care

Purpose

The purpose of this assignment is to learn how to identify and effectively manage conflicts that arise in care delivery settings resulting in better management of patient care, including appropriate delegation. You will gain insight into conflict management strategies and develop a plan to collaborate with a potential nurse leader about the conflict and its impact in a practice setting.

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Directions

1. Read Finkelman (2016), Chapter 13: Improving Teamwork: Collaboration, Coordination, and Conflict Resolution, section on Negotiation and Conflict Resolution, pp. 324-333.

2. Write a 5-7 page paper (not including the title or References pages). Follow APA format. Consult your APA manual, and consider using the APA resources provided by Chamberlain. Cite the course textbook and two scholarly sources. You are required to complete this assignment using the productivity tools required by Chamberlain University, which is Microsoft Office Word 2013 (or later version), or Windows and Office 2011 (or later version) for MAC. You must save the file in the “.docx” format. Do NOT save as Word Pad. A later version of the productivity tool includes Office 365, which is available to Chamberlain students for FREE by downloading from the student portal at http://my.chamberlain.edu (Links to an external site.).  (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.  Click on the envelope at the top of the page.  Recurring conflict with the potential to negatively impact patient care

3. Observe nurses in a care delivery setting. Identify a recurring conflict with the potential to negatively impact patient care. This should be from your practice setting or prelicensure experiences.

4. Provide details of what happened, including who was involved, what was said, where it occurred, and what was the outcome that led you to decide the conflict was unresolved.

5. Identify the type of conflict. Explain your rationale for selecting this type.

6. Summarize (in your own words) the four stages of conflict, as described in our textbook, and how they relate to your example. Do not use quotations. 

7. Describe how you would collaborate with a nurse leader to reach consensus on the best strategy to deal with the conflict

8. Describe the rationale for selecting the best strategy.

9. Provide a summary or conclusion about this experience or assignment and how you may deal with conflict more effectively in the future.

Textbook to be used: Third Edition: Leadership and Management for Nurses: Core Competencies for Quality Care by Anita Finkelman. Chapter 13: Improving Teamwork: Collaboration, Coordination, and Conflict Resolution, section on Negotiation and Conflict Resolution, pp. 324-333. Recurring conflict with the potential to negatively impact patient care

& two outside sources. 

Relationship of patient and family satisfaction and their utilization of health care resources in end-of-life care choices

Relationship of patient and family satisfaction and their utilization of health care resources in end-of-life care choices

Submit Part One Portfolio 

3 .Using the American nurses association position statement, recommendations for improvement in end of life management focuses on practice, education, research and administration. Listed below are steps that nurses can take to overcome barriers in healthcare practice.

Practice

1. Strive to attain a standard of primary palliative care so that all health care providers have basic knowledge of palliative nursing to improve the care of patients and families.

2. All nurses will have basic skills in recognizing and managing symptoms, including pain, dyspnea, nausea, constipation, and others. Relationship of patient and family satisfaction and their utilization of health care resources in end-of-life care choices

3. Nurses will be comfortable having discussions about death, and will collaborate with the care teams to ensure that patients and families have current and accurate information about the possibility or probability of a patient’s impending death.

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4. Encourage patient and family participation in health care decision-making, including the use of advance directives in which both patient preferences and surrogates are identified.

Education

1. Those who practice in secondary or tertiary palliative care will have specialist education and certification.

2. Institutions and schools of nursing will integrate precepts of primary palliative care into curricula.

3. Basic and specialist End-of-Life Nursing Education Consortium (ELNEC) resources will be available.

4. Advocate for additional education in academic programs and work settings related to palliative care, including symptom management, supported decision-making, and end-of-life care, focusing on patients and families.

Research

1. Increase the integration of evidence-based care across the dimensions of end-of-life care.

2. Develop best practices for quality care across the dimensions of end-of-life care, including the physical, psychological, spiritual, and interpersonal.

3. Support the use of evidence-based and ethical care, and support decision-making for care at the end of life.

4. Develop best practices to measure the quality and effectiveness of the counseling and interdisciplinary care patients and families receive regarding end-of-life decision-making and treatments. Relationship of patient and family satisfaction and their utilization of health care resources in end-of-life care choices

5. Support research that examines the relationship of patient and family satisfaction and their utilization of health care resources in end-of-life care choices.

Administration

1. Promote work environments in which the standards for excellent care extend through the patient’s death and into post-death care for families.

2. Encourage facilities and institutions to support the clinical competence and professional development that will help nurses provide excellent, dignified, and compassionate end-of-life care.

3. Work toward a standard of palliative care available to patients and families from the time of diagnosis of a serious illness or an injury.

4. Support the development and integration of palliative care services for all in- and outpatients and their families.

Discussion Board Question 2: End of Life Care.

Choose 1 focal point from each subcategory of practice, education, research and administration and describe how the APRN can provide effective care in end of life management. Relationship of patient and family satisfaction and their utilization of health care resources in end-of-life care choices

Relationship of patient and family satisfaction and their utilization of health care resources in end-of-life care choices

Relationship of patient and family satisfaction and their utilization of health care resources in end-of-life care choices

Submit Part One Portfolio 

3 .Using the American nurses association position statement, recommendations for improvement in end of life management focuses on practice, education, research and administration. Listed below are steps that nurses can take to overcome barriers in healthcare practice. Relationship of patient and family satisfaction and their utilization of health care resources in end-of-life care choices

Practice

1. Strive to attain a standard of primary palliative care so that all health care providers have basic knowledge of palliative nursing to improve the care of patients and families.

2. All nurses will have basic skills in recognizing and managing symptoms, including pain, dyspnea, nausea, constipation, and others.

3. Nurses will be comfortable having discussions about death, and will collaborate with the care teams to ensure that patients and families have current and accurate information about the possibility or probability of a patient’s impending death.

4. Encourage patient and family participation in health care decision-making, including the use of advance directives in which both patient preferences and surrogates are identified.

Education

1. Those who practice in secondary or tertiary palliative care will have specialist education and certification.

2. Institutions and schools of nursing will integrate precepts of primary palliative care into curricula.

3. Basic and specialist End-of-Life Nursing Education Consortium (ELNEC) resources will be available.

4. Advocate for additional education in academic programs and work settings related to palliative care, including symptom management, supported decision-making, and end-of-life care, focusing on patients and families. Relationship of patient and family satisfaction and their utilization of health care resources in end-of-life care choices

Research

1. Increase the integration of evidence-based care across the dimensions of end-of-life care.

2. Develop best practices for quality care across the dimensions of end-of-life care, including the physical, psychological, spiritual, and interpersonal.

3. Support the use of evidence-based and ethical care, and support decision-making for care at the end of life.

4. Develop best practices to measure the quality and effectiveness of the counseling and interdisciplinary care patients and families receive regarding end-of-life decision-making and treatments.

5. Support research that examines the relationship of patient and family satisfaction and their utilization of health care resources in end-of-life care choices.

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Administration

1. Promote work environments in which the standards for excellent care extend through the patient’s death and into post-death care for families.

2. Encourage facilities and institutions to support the clinical competence and professional development that will help nurses provide excellent, dignified, and compassionate end-of-life care.

3. Work toward a standard of palliative care available to patients and families from the time of diagnosis of a serious illness or an injury.

4. Support the development and integration of palliative care services for all in- and outpatients and their families.

Discussion Board Question 2: End of Life Care.

Choose 1 focal point from each subcategory of practice, education, research and administration and describe how the APRN can provide effective care in end of life management. Relationship of patient and family satisfaction and their utilization of health care resources in end-of-life care choices

An explanation of the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus

Discussion: Diabetes

According to the American Diabetes Association (2011), 25.8 million children and adults have been diagnosed with diabetes in the United States. Approximately 2 million more are diagnosed every year, with another 79 million people considered to be in a pre-diabetes state. These millions of people are at risk of several alterations, including heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, neuropathy, and blindness. Since diabetes has a major impact on the health of millions of people around the world, it is essential for nurses to understand the pathophysiology and associated alterations of this disorder. In this Discussion, you compare two types of diabetes—diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus.

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To Prepare

· Review Chapter 19 in the Huether and McCance text and Chapter 18 in the McPhee and Hammer text. Identify the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus. Consider the similarities and differences between resulting alterations of hormonal regulation An explanation of the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus

· Select two of the following patient factors: genetics, gender, ethnicity, age, or behavior. Think about how the factors you selected might impact the diagnosis and prescription of treatment for these two types of diabetes.

Write (Plz include sub heading when writing)

· an explanation of the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus. (I am looking for an explanation at the cellular or molecular level (whenever possible).

·  Describe the differences and similarities between resulting alterations of hormonal regulation. 

· Then explain how the factors you selected might impact the diagnosis and prescription of treatment for these two types of diabetes An explanation of the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus

Anatomy and Physiology of the Digestive System

Anatomy and Physiology of the Digestive System

Objectives

  • Identify the anatomical structures of the digestive system and their functions
  • Explain the physiology of digestion through the system

Assignment Overview

This exercise helps students understand the anatomical structures of the digestive system

Deliverables

Annotated diagram of the digestive system

Step 1  Draw a diagram.  (It is OK to take a diagram from the internet and label it.)

Using the drawing tools provided by your word-processing program, draw a diagram that traces the pathway and physiological processes of a bite of food through the digestive sys tem. Annotate each step in the digestive process with a brief paragraph describing what happens in the step. Anatomy and Physiology of the Digestive System

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Be sure to include ALL the following topics:

  • The organs of the digestive system  (This includes the alimentary canal AND the accessory organs of digestion)
  • The actions of the digestive system
  • Propulsion
  • Absorption
  • Chemical digestion
  • Mechanical dtomy and Physiology of the Digestive System

Objectives

  • Identify the anatomical structures of the digestive system and their functions
  • Explain the physiology of digestion through the system

Assignment Overview

This exercise helps students understand the anatomical structures of the digestive system

Deliverables

Annotated diagram of the digestive system

Step 1  Draw a diagram.  (It is OK to take a diagram from the internet and label it.)

Using the drawing tools provided by your word-processing program, draw a diagram that traces the pathway and physiological processes of a bite of food through the digestive system. Annotate each step in the digestive process with a brief paragraph describing what happens in the step. Anatomy and Physiology of the Digestive System

Be sure to include ALL the following topics:

  • The organs of the digestive system  (This includes the alimentary canal AND the accessory organs of digestion)
  • The actions of the digestive system
  • Propulsion
  • Absorption
  • Chemical digestion
  • Mechanical d

Decisions a bystander should quickly and reliably make when deciding to intervene in an emergency

Decisions a bystander should quickly and reliably make when deciding to intervene in an emergency

Action at an Emergency 

1. Emergencies have distinctive characteristics. List each characteristic and explain. ( Please highlight , color code your answers, or use a different Front)

1.  

2.  

3.  

4.  

5.  

2. The bystander is a vital link between____________________________________________________

__________________________________ and the _____________________.

3. List and Discuss 5 actions or decisions a bystander should   quickly and reliably make when deciding to intervene in an emergency. 

 1.  

2. 

3.

  4.

 5. 

4.  List and discuss 3 why some bystanders are less likely to offer help.

·

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·  

·  

5. List 5 questions you should consider before calling 911. 

1.  

2.  

3.  

4.  

5.  

6. List 18 conditions that are warning signs of more serious conditions that 

ACEP recommends immediate transport to the hospital emergency department , by EMS or by private vehicle. Decisions a bystander should quickly and reliably make when deciding to intervene in an emergency

1.  

2.  

3.  

4.  

5.  

6.  

7.  

8.  

9.  

10.  

11.  

12.  

13.  

14.  

15.  

16.  

17.  

18.  

7. You should always call ______________ first when serious situations occur. 

8. When you call 911, speak ________________and _________________. 

9. List and discuss information that you should give to the dispatcher.

1.  

2.  

3.  

4.  

5.  

10. What is Posttraumatic stress disorder?

11. Discuss scene size – up. What are 3 things you should look for?

12. What should first aiders do to reduce the risk of contamination to themselves and others? 

13. Discuss the following: 

1. Infectious disease

2. Communicable disease

3. Standard precautions

14. Discuss the proper procedure for washing your hands 

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1.

2

3

4

15. What does Figure 2-5 illustrate? 

16. If your eyes, nose and mouth are splashed by bloody fluid, you should ____________________________________________________________________.

17. Discuss personal protective equipment (PPE).

18. Discuss the different types of gloves. 

19. Discuss the proper method removing gloves. Decisions a bystander should quickly and reliably make when deciding to intervene in an emergency

1.  

2.  

3.  

4.  

Notice: You should consider putting on a ____________________________if there is major, significant ________________________ or _____________________. Replace the gloves if ­_____________________­________________________________.

20. Discuss Mouth -to –barrier devices.

21.  What type of device is used in figure 2-6? 

22. When cleaning up blood or other body fluids, you should protect yourself and others against disease transmission by :

1.  

2.  

3.  

4.  

23. What should you do if you have been exposed to blood or body fluids?

1.  

2.  

24. List and discuss Bloodborne diseases.

25. List and discuss Airborne diseases. 

26. List 7 ways you can assist a dying victim.

27. Discuss the five stages of grieving?

28. Discuss 6 ways of dealing with survivors.  Decisions a bystander should quickly and reliably make when deciding to intervene in an emergency

Effective care for women who are lesbian

  1. Read the scenario below.
  2. Respond to the questions in full sentences. Be sure to use standard English grammar and spelling
    1. What are the biophysical, psychological, sociocultural, behavioral and health system factors operating in this situation?
    2. What actions would you take to provide more sensitive and effective care for women who are lesbian, bisexual, or transgender?
    3. Describe the major health concerns of this woman and what role the community health nurse might play in this situation?

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Scenario:

Betty is 45 years old, self-employed, divorced three times, and mother of three boys and one daughter. Two years ago, her last husband died of lung cancer at age 54. Effective care for women who are lesbian

She was referred to the local clinic because she has been feeling depressed. During the interview, Betty informs the community health nurse that she is tired of living the old way, and she is now involved with a woman and considers herself a lesbian. She admits that she has been sexually involved with both men and women during the past three years. She indicates that she is afraid she might have cancer because her mother died of breast cancer five years ago at the age of 67. She does not have health insurance. Betty stated that she is embarrassed to get a pap smear because she heard that gay women do not need to get a pap smear since they are not having “real sex” vaginally.

Does handwashing among healthcare workers reduce hospital acquired infection

In an APA format paper, approximately 3-5 pages in length, address the following questions.  Locate two different qualitative studies in professional resources related to your PICOT topic of interest.  “Does handwashing among healthcare workers reduce hospital acquired infection?”      

Give an overview and summary and then answer these three questions:      

1)Give an overview of the study and findings

2)What type pf qualitative study was it (i.e. phenomenology, ethnography, etc.)?

3) How did the authors establish trustworthiness (specifically discuss credibility, confirm ability, dependability, and transfer ability)?

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4)Do you think this study will be applicable to your population? Why or why not? Does handwashing among healthcare workers reduce hospital acquired infection

Label each section using the template. Submit copies of studies in PDF format!

Template:

Quantitative Study One – the first study what is about?

Overview; what is the overview of the study?

Study design : what kind of study is it? Is it experimental, quasi-experimental, or non-experimental

Internal validity of the study and External Validity of the study  What threats to internal and external validity were noted? Are there others you think might be present that the author(s) did not describe? Define each of these terms

Applicability:  . Do you think this study will be applicable to your PICOT population? Why or why not? 

Qualitative Study Two

Overview

Study Design experimental, quasi-experimental, or non-experimental

Internal and External Validity

Applicability

References   in APA format you must include intext citation. cite every source of information. You must upload the study article you are referring to. The study must be peer reviewed scholarly articles between 2014  and 2019 . please upload 2 different kinds of studies addressing the PICO question above.      Does handwashing among healthcare workers reduce hospital acquired infection