1. Question: Which hormone prompts increased anxiety, vigilance, and arousal during a stress response?
2. Question: Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an autoimmune process involving antibodies attacking which type of cells?
3. Question: When renin is released, it is capable of which action?
4. Question: Which of the following are formed elements of the blood that are not cells but are disk-shaped cytoplasmic fragments essential for blood clotting?
5. Question: In a full-term infant, the normal erythrocyte life span is _ days, whereas the adult erythrocyte life span is _ days.
6. Question: Graves disease is a result of:
7. Question: What is the most commonly reported symptom of cancer treatment?
8. Question: In which structure does B lymphocytes mature and undergo changes that commit them to becoming B cells?
9. Question: Chvostek and Trousseau signs indicate which electrolyte imbalance?
10. Question: On average, what percent of cardiac output do the kidneys receive?
11. Question: Which substance is used to correct the chronic anemia associated with chronic renal failure?
12. Question: When the maternal immune system becomes sensitized against antigens expressed by the fetus, what reaction occurs?
13. Question: Which statement is true regarding pain and cancer?
14. Question: During an infection, why do lymph nodes enlarge and become tender?
15. Question: Which statement best describes cystic fibrosis?
16. Question: Carcinoma refers to abnormal cell proliferation originating from which tissue origin?
17. Question: What local complication of a gonococcal infection is diagnosed in approximately 10% of affected women?
18. Question: Which terms represent the correct nomenclature for benign and malignant tumors of adipose tissue, respectively?
19. Question: What provides the best estimate of the functioning of renal tissue?
20. Question: Children with phenylketonuria (PKU) are unable to synthesize:
21. Question: Which of the following causes condylomata acuminata or genital warts?
22. Question: Cystic fibrosis is caused by which process?
23. Question: The area of the kidneys that contains the glomeruli and portions of the tubules is called the:
24. Question: The concentration of the final urine is determined by antidiuretic hormone (ADH), which is secreted by which gland?
25. Question: The ability of the pathogen to invade and multiply in the host is referred to as:
26. Question: In 95% of children of delayed puberty, the problem is caused by:
27. Question: Which substance is a water-soluble protein hormone?
28. Question: Having ejected a mature ovum, the ovarian follicle develops into a(n):
29. Question: The most critical aspect in correctly diagnosing a seizure disorder and establishing its cause is:
30. Question: The two most important risk factors for type 2 diabetes are:
31. Question: It is true that myasthenia gravis:
32. Question: What term is used to identify an interlacing bundle of dense, white fibrous tissue that is richly supplied with nerves, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels?
33. Question: The mucosal secretions of the cervix secrete which immunoglobulin?
34. Question: Clinical manifestations that include irregular or heavy bleeding, the passage of large clots, and the depletion of iron stores support which diagnosis?
35. Question: What is the first indication of nephrotic syndrome in children?
36. Question: What is the most common opportunistic infection associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)?
37. Question: What part of the brain provides the emotional response to pain?
38. Question: What directly causes ovulation during the menstrual cycle?
39. Question: Transcription is best defined as a process by which:
40. Question: Considering the mediating factors of premenstrual syndrome (PMS), which medication may be used either continually or only during the menstrual period as a treatment for the condition?
41. Question: Pinkeye is characterized by inflammation of which structure?
42. Question: Atrial fibrillation, rheumatic heart disease, and valvular prosthetics are risk factors for which type of stroke?
43. Question: Clinical manifestations of Parkinson disease are caused by a deficit in which of the brain’s neurotransmitters?
44. Question: Which hormone is linked to an increase in appetite during puberty?
45. Question: Which change is a result of puberty and defends the vagina from infection?
46. Question: Which hormone is involved in the regulation of serum calcium levels?
47. Question: Which medication compensates for the deficiency that occurs as a result of cystic fibrosis?
48. Question: It is true that Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS):
49. Question: An infant suddenly develops abdominal pain, becomes irritable (colicky), and draws up the knees. Vomiting occurs soon afterward. The mother reports that the infant passed a normal stool, followed by one that looked like currant jelly. Based on these data, which disorder does the nurse suspect?
50. Question: Which condition is considered a clinical cause of amenorrhea?
51. Question: Which anatomic structure secretes follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH)?
52. Question: Which medical diagnosis is described as a chronic inflammatory joint disease characterized by stiffening and fusion of the spine and sacroiliac joints?
53. Question: How can glaucoma cause blindness?
54. Question: Which virus is a precursor for developing cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical cancer?
55. Question: Which type of diarrhea results from lactose intolerance?
56. Question: Which pain theory proposes that a balance of impulses conducted from the spinal cord to the higher centers in the central nervous system (CNS) modulates the transmission of pain?
57. Question: Obesity acts as an important risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus by:
58. Question: A blunt force injury to the forehead would result in a coup injury to which region of the brain?
59. Question: The secretion of adrenocorticotropic-stimulating hormone (ACTH) will result in the increased level of which hormone?
60. Question: Bacteria gain access to the female urinary tract by which means?
61. Question: The failure of bones to ossify, resulting in soft bones and skeletal deformity, characterizes which disorder?
62. Question: What is the cause of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH)?
63. Question: Which characteristic is true of type II (white fast-motor) muscle fibers?
64. Question: The presence of a zygote having one chromosome with the normal complement of genes and one with a missing gene is characteristic of which genetic disorder?
65. Question: What term is used to identify the condition that exists when the urethral meatus is located on the undersurface of the penis?
66. Question: Which hormone stimulates gonads to produce both male and female hormones?
67. Question: Which term is used to describe an intestinal obstruction caused by the invagination of the ileum into the cecum and part of the ascending colon by collapsing through the ileocecal valve?
68. Question: Where is the usual site of cervical dysplasia or cancer in situ?
69. Question: Which statement is true regarding the major difference between male and female sex hormone production?
70. Question: Using a fan to reduce body temperature is an example of which mechanism of heat loss?
71. Question: In scoliosis, curves in the thoracic spine greater than how many degrees result in decreased pulmonary function?
72. Question: What is the second most commonly recognized genetic cause of mental retardation?
73. Question: Which risk factor for hypertension is influenced by genetic factors and lifestyle?
74. Question: Prolonged high environmental temperatures that produce dehydration, decreased plasma volumes, hypotension, decreased cardiac output, and tachycardia cause which disorder of temperature regulation?
75. Question: Saliva contains which immunoglobulin (Ig)?

Consider the ethical dilemma the health care professional faces in the selected case study. Pay particular attention to details that will help you analyze the situation using the three components of the Ethical Decision Making Model (moral awareness, moral judgment, and ethical behavior).

Note: The case study may not supply all of the information you may need for the assignment. In such cases, you should consider a variety of possibilities and infer potential conclusions. However, please be sure to identify any speculations that you make.

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Caleb Powell was preparing the agenda for the upcoming executive leadership meeting and he shook his head ruefully. As chief executive officer for Virginia County Regional Hospital (VCRH), Caleb believes that a key piece of VCRH’s future success lies in reducing readmission rates, not only in the areas identified by federal guidelines, but across the board. A few weeks ago, he read a piece from the National Institutes of Health discussing strategies associated with reduction in readmission rates. He decided that he wanted to discuss the issue in detail with his leadership team.

Caleb’s goal is to align the hospital’s strategic planning with the goal of reducing readmissions. The stakes are high; under provisions of the Affordable Care Act, hospitals with higher than expected 30 day readmission rates for heart failure, heart attack and pneumonia are penalized with reduced payments. Historically, hospitals (including VCRH) have struggled to avoid the penalties, but Caleb believes that believes that a focused approach will allow them to be successful. He also believes that reducing readmission rates will improve patient satisfaction, which has become a key metric in measuring hospital quality.

Caleb’s initial research into this issue revealed that while many facilities were incurring the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) penalties, there was still significant variability in terms of hospitals implementing successful strategies for reducing their readmission rates. However, several themes have emerged. Hospitals that established partnerships with physicians, physician groups and other local hospitals have had greater success. In addition, a clear discharge planning process and nurse driven medication reconciliation have also been associated with reducing the risk of readmissions.

At the same time, Caleb is concerned that an aggressive policy to avoid readmissions could be construed as too focused on the hospital’s bottom line and indifferent to patient needs. The last thing he wants is to create a policy that prevents patients from seeking or receiving care. Caleb hopes that this meeting will begin a productive discussion around developing strategies to improve VCRH’s performance in this area.

Caleb’s email to the executive leadership team with the agenda for the meeting included the following note:

“As we research the readmission rate issue for improvement, we need to be aware that we cannot add additional days to the patient’s initial stay. It’s a balancing act. We also cannot hinder a patient from coming back into the hospital for a readmission. I’ll be asking for your input about whether we should create a system to profile health care providers whose patients have high readmission rates.”

Develop a solution to a specific ethical dilemma faced by a health care professional by applying ethical principles. Describe the issues and a possible solution in a 3-5 page paper.

For this assessment, you will develop a solution to a specific ethical dilemma faced by a health care professional. Read each portion of the assessment carefully and use the suggested resources to help you complete the assessment. This assessment provides an opportunity to consider ethical principles and how they can be applied in health care situations.

Note: The requirements outlined below correspond to the grading criteria in the scoring guide. At a minimum, be sure to address each point. In addition, you are encouraged to review the performance level descriptions for each criterion to see how your work will be assessed.

For this assessment, you will develop a solution to a specific ethical dilemma faced by a health care professional. In your assessment:

Access the Ethical Case Studies media piece linked in the Resources to review the case studies you may use for this assessment and select the case most closely related to your area of interest and use that case study to complete the assessment.

Note: The case study may not supply all of the information you may need. In such cases, you should consider a variety of possibilities and infer potential conclusions. However, please be sure to identify any assumptions or speculations you make.

Identify which case study you selected, briefly summarize the facts surrounding the case study, and identify the problem or issue in the case study that presents an ethical dilemma or challenge and describe that dilemma or challenge.

Use the three components of the ethical decision-making model (moral awareness, moral judgment, and ethical behavior) found in the Ethical Decision-Making Model media piece in the Resources to analyze the ethical issues.

Analyze the factors that contributed to the problem or issue.

Identify who is involved or affected by the problem or issue.

Describe the factors that contributed to the problem or issue and explain how they contributed.

In addition to the readings provided, use the Capella library to locate at least one academic peer-reviewed journal article relevant to the problem or issue that you can use to support your analysis of the situation.

Cite and apply the journal article as evidence to support your critical thinking and analysis of the case.

Assess the credibility of the information source.

Assess the relevance of the information source.

Discuss the effectiveness of the communication approaches present in the case study.

Describe how the health care professional communicated with others.

Describe the communication and communication strategies that were applied, both in creating and in resolving the problems or issues presented.

Assess instances where the professional communicated effectively or ineffectively.

Discuss the effectiveness of the approach used by the professional related to any problems or issues involving ethical practice in the case.

Describe the actions taken in response to the ethical dilemma or challenge presented in the case study.

Summarize how well the professional managed professional responsibilities and priorities to resolve the problem or issue in the case.

Discuss the key lessons this case provides for health care professionals.

Apply ethical principles to a possible solution to the proposed problem or issue from the case study.

Describe the proposed solution.

Discuss how the approach makes this professional more effective or less effective in building relationships across disciplines within his or her organization.

Discuss how likely it is the proposed solution will foster professional collaboration.

Write clearly and logically, with correct use of spelling, grammar, punctuation, and mechanics.

Determine the proper application of the rules of grammar and mechanics.

Write using APA style for in-text citations, quotes, and references.

Determine the proper application of APA formatting requirements and scholarly writing standards.

Apply the principles of effective composition.

Integrate information from outside sources into academic writing by appropriately quoting, paraphrasing, and summarizing, following APA style.

Example Assessment: You may use the assessment example, linked in the Assessment Example section of the Resources, to give you an idea of what a Proficient or higher rating on the scoring guide would look like.

Additional Requirements

Length: At least 3–5 typed, double-spaced pages, not including the title page and reference page.

Font and font size: Times New Roman, 12 point.

APA Template: Use the APA Style Paper Template as the paper format and the APA Style Paper Tutorial for guidance. See the Resources for these documents.

Written communication: Write clearly and logically, with correct use of spelling, grammar, punctuation, and mechanics.

References: Integrate information from outside sources to include at least two references (the case study and an academic peer-reviewed journal article) and three in-text citations within the paper.

APA format: Follow current APA guidelines for in-text citation of outside sources in the body of your paper and also on the reference page.

Turnitin: Submit your assessment to Turnitin prior to grading. Then, only submit your final assessment to faculty for grading.

Note: Read the Applying Ethical Principles Scoring Guide to fully understand how your paper will be graded.

Submit your paper for evaluation by clicking on the assessment title and uploading the paper as a Word document.

If you would like assistance in organizing your assessment, or if you simply have a question about your assessment, please do not hesitate to ask your courseroom instructor or the teaching assistants in the NHS Learner Success Lab for guidance and suggestions.

Ethics for Health Care

American College of Healthcare Executives. (2016). ACHE code of ethics. Retrieved from https://www.ache.org/abt_ache/code.cfm

American Nurses Association. (n.d.). Ethics topics and articles. Retrieved from http://www.nursingworld.org/MainMenuCategories/EthicsStandards/Resources

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2017). Public health ethics resources. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/od/science/integrity/phethics/resources.htm

Levitt, D. (2014). Ethical decision-making in a caring environment: The four principles and LEADS. Healthcare Management Forum, 27(2), 105–107.

Levitt-Rosenthal, N. (2013). Ethics, values, and decision making. Frontiers of Health Services Management, 30(1), 27–32.

Mahoney, J. S., Mulder, C., Hardesty, S., & Madan, A. (2017). Integrating caring into patient-centered care through interprofessional education and ethics: The Caring Project. Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic, 81(3), 233–246.

Maintaining Academic Honesty.

APA format 3 peer review references Please follow directions on assignment

Assignment 1: Assessing the Genitalia and Rectum

Assignment 1: Asse

Assignment 1: Assessing the Genitalia and Rectum

Patients are frequently uncomfortable discussing with health care professional’s issues that involve the genitalia and rectum; however, gathering an adequate history and properly conducting a physical exam are vital. Examining case studies of genital and rectal abnormalities can help prepare advanced practice nurses to accurately assess patients with problems in these areas.

In this assignment, you will consider case studies that describe abnormal findings in patients seen in a clinical setting.

In this assignment, you will analyze a SOAP note case study that describes abnormal findings in patients seen in a clinical setting. You will consider what history should be collected from the patients, as well as which physical exams and diagnostic tests should be conducted. You will also formulate a differential diagnosis with several possible conditions.

GENITALIA ASSESSMENT

Subjective:

CC: “I have bumps on my bottom that I want to have checked out.”

HPI: AB, a 21-year-old WF college student reports to your clinic with external bumps on her genital area. She states the bumps are painless and feel rough. She states she is sexually active and has had more than one partner over the past year. Her initial sexual contact occurred at age 18. She reports no abnormal vaginal discharge. She is unsure how long the bumps have been there but noticed them about a week ago. Her last Pap smear exam was 3 years ago, and no dysplasia was found; the exam results were normal. She reports one sexually transmitted infection (chlamydia) about 2 years ago. She completed the treatment for chlamydia as prescribed.

PMH: Asthma

Medications: Symbicort 160/4.5mcg

Allergies: NKDA

FH: No hx of breast or cervical cancer, Father hx HTN, Mother hx HTN, GERD

Social: Denies tobacco use; occasional etoh, married, 3 children (1 girl, 2 boys)

answer the following questions and support your answers using current evidence from the literature.

Analyze the subjective portion of the note. List additional information that should be included in the documentation.

Analyze the objective portion of the note. List additional information that should be included in the documentation.

Is the assessment supported by the subjective and objective information? Why or Why not?

Would diagnostics be appropriate for this case and how would the results be used to make a diagnosis?

Would you reject/accept the current diagnosis? Why or why not? Identify three possible conditions that may be considered as a differential diagnosis for this patient. Explain your reasoning using at least 3 different references from current evidence based literature.

Assignment 1: Assessing the Genitalia and Rectum

Patients are frequently uncomfortable discussing with health care professional’s issues that involve the genitalia and rectum; however, gathering an adequate history and properly conducting a physical exam are vital. Examining case studies of genital and rectal abnormalities can help prepare advanced practice nurses to accurately assess patients with problems in these areas.

In this assignment, you will consider case studies that describe abnormal findings in patients seen in a clinical setting.

In this assignment, you will analyze a SOAP note case study that describes abnormal findings in patients seen in a clinical setting. You will consider what history should be collected from the patients, as well as which physical exams and diagnostic tests should be conducted. You will also formulate a differential diagnosis with several possible conditions.

GENITALIA ASSESSMENT

Subjective:

CC: “I have bumps on my bottom that I want to have checked out.”

HPI: AB, a 21-year-old WF college student reports to your clinic with external bumps on her genital area. She states the bumps are painless and feel rough. She states she is sexually active and has had more than one partner over the past year. Her initial sexual contact occurred at age 18. She reports no abnormal vaginal discharge. She is unsure how long the bumps have been there but noticed them about a week ago. Her last Pap smear exam was 3 years ago, and no dysplasia was found; the exam results were normal. She reports one sexually transmitted infection (chlamydia) about 2 years ago. She completed the treatment for chlamydia as prescribed.

PMH: Asthma

Medications: Symbicort 160/4.5mcg

Allergies: NKDA

FH: No hx of breast or cervical cancer, Father hx HTN, Mother hx HTN, GERD

Social: Denies tobacco use; occasional etoh, married, 3 children (1 girl, 2 boys)

Objective:

VS: Temp 98.6; BP 120/86; RR 16; P 92; HT 5’10”; WT 169lbs

Heart: RRR, no murmurs

Lungs: CTA, chest wall symmetrical

Genital: Normal female hair pattern distribution; no masses or swelling. Urethral meatus intact without erythema or discharge. Perineum intact with a healed episiotomy scar present. Vaginal mucosa pink and moist with rugae present, pos for firm, round, small, painless ulcer noted on external labia

Abd: soft, normoactive bowel sounds, neg rebound, neg murphy’s, neg McBurney

Diagnostics: HSV specimen obtained

Assessment:

Chancre

PLAN: This section is not required for the assignments in this course (NURS 6512) but will be required for future courses.

To prepare:

With regard to the SOAP note case study provided:

Review this week’s Learning Resources, and consider the insights they provide about the case study.

Consider what history would be necessary to collect from the patient in the case study.

Consider what physical exams and diagnostic tests would be appropriate to gather more information about the patient’s condition. How would the results be used to make a diagnosis?

Identify at least five possible conditions that may be considered in a differential diagnosis for the patient.

To complete:

Refer to Chapter 5 of the Sullivan text. Analyze the SOAP note case study. Using evidence based resources, answer the following questions and support your answers using current evidence from the literature.

Analyze the subjective portion of the note. List additional information that should be included in the documentation.

Analyze the objective portion of the note. List additional information that should be included in the documentation.

Is the assessment supported by the subjective and objective information? Why or Why not?

Would diagnostics be appropriate for this case and how would the results be used to make a diagnosis?

Would you reject/accept the current diagnosis? Why or why not? Identify three possible conditions that may be considered as a differential diagnosis for this patient. Explain your reasoning using at least 3 different references from current evidence based literature.

Advanced registered nurses work in highly collaborative environments and must collaborate with interdisciplinary teams in order to provide excellent patient care. Besides knowing the role and scope of one’s own practice, it is essential to understand the role and scope of other nurse specialties to ensure effective collaboration among nurses, the organization, and other professionals with whom advanced registered nurses regularly interact.

Use the “Nursing Roles Graphic Organizer Template” to differentiate how advanced registered nurse roles relate to and collaborate with different areas of nursing practice. Compare your future role with one of the following: nurse educator; nurse leader; family nurse practitioner; acute care nurse practitioner; graduate nurse with an emphasis/specialty in public health, health care administration, business, or informatics; clinical nurse specialist; doctor of nursing practice. Indicate in the appropriate columns on the template which roles you are comparing.

Make sure to compare the following areas of practice in your graphic organizer:

Ethics

Education

Leadership

Public Health

Health Care Administration

Informatics

Business/Finance

Specialty (e.g., Family, Acute Care)

Include any regulatory bodies or certification agencies that provide guidance or parameters on how these roles incorporate concepts into practice.

You are required to cite three to five sources to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5 years and appropriate for the assignment criteria and nursing content.

The learning activity and corresponding assignment in this topic requires students to perform a heritage assessment with families selected by students from their local communities.

Click on http://wps.prenhall.com/wps/media/objects/663/679611/box_6_1.pdf in order to access the “Heritage Assessment Tool.”

Interview three families from different cultures. One family should be from your own culture. Compare the differences in health traditions between these cultures.

Assess the three families using the “Heritage Assessment Tool.” In 1,000-1,500 words, discuss the usefulness of applying a heritage assessment to evaluate the needs of families and develop plans for health maintenance, health protection, and health restoration. Include the following:

1. Perform a heritage assessment on three families. One of these families should be from your own culture.
2. Complete the “Heritage Assessment Tool” for each of the three families interviewed and submit the three assessments to: RNBSNclientcare@gcu.edu. You are not required to include the tool in your LoudCloud submission.
3. Identify common health traditions based on cultural heritage. Evaluate and discuss how the families subscribe to these traditions and practices. Address health maintenance, health protection, and health restoration as they relate to your assessment.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to Turnitin. Please refer to the directions in the Student Success Center.