Nursing homework help
Nursing homework help
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Responses such as “I agree”, “thanks for that information – I didn’t know that”, “I experienced that also”, etc. will not receive participation credit. Please do not repeat what is already mentioned in the post. Responses should be a minimum of 150 words and minimum of 2 peer reviewed or scholarly sources with 5 years
Please do not to “cut and paste” answers from your references such as lists, bullet points, etc. This will not receive points for responses that are “cut and paste” even if you provide a citation.
Post 1:
Aging is a continuing, ongoing progression of natural alteration that initiates in early adulthood. Throughout the early mid-phase, several bodily utilities start to weaken progressively. The psychological, biological variations that proceed in the human physique result in senescence, the failure of biological purposes, and the aptitude to familiarize with metabolic stress. Evolving age is the primary hazard influence for chronic illness. According to Rocque et al. (2016), geriatric syndrome the term frequently castoff to denote collective health difficulties in elder grownups that do not suit different organ-specific illness classes and that have multifactorial bases; this comprises complications like feebleness, cognitive damage, delirium, incontinence, malnourishment, tumbles, gait diseases, stress ulcers, sleep syndromes, sensual discrepancies, weariness, and lightheadedness. These are communal in older adults and can primarily influence the excellence of life and incapacity. Nursing homework help
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Elder abuse is a solo or recurrent action, or deficiency of right deed, happening in any association where there is an anticipation of trust, which causes damage or suffering to an older individual. According to Rowe et al. (2016), complications that recount to the elderly such as purposeful weakening and dementia, are collective and frequently unrecognized or incompetently addressed hence elder abuse. Rush et al. (2017) suggests that nurses can practice comprehensive geriatric assessment all-inclusive, a multidisciplinary procedure that aids to evaluate the fragile older individual so that their medical circumstances, psychological health, practical capability, and communal conditions can be measured in aspect and from which patients with insubstantiality fractures can help meaningfully. The main emphasis of care is to meet the requirements of the older individuals ensuing skeletal trauma through their care path and guarantee that they obtain a similarly high standard of professional care within orthopedic amenities as they would inside a situation concentrating in the care of older individuals.
References
Rocque, G. B., Partridge, E. E., Pisu, M., Martin, M. Y., Demark-Wahnefried, W., Acemgil, A., …& Taylor, R. A. (2016). The patient care connects program: transforming health care through lay navigation. Journal of oncology practice, 12(6), e633-e642.
Rowe, J. W., Fulmer, T., & Fried, L. (2016). Preparing for better health and health care for an aging population. Jama, 316(16), 1643-1644.
Rush, K. L., Hickey, S., Epp, S., &Janke, R. (2017). Nurses’ attitudes towards older people care an integrative review. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 26(23-24), 4105-4116. Nursing homework help
Post 2:
Due to the increasingly growing population of older adults in the United Staes, nurses must be familiar with the aging process and the nuances of caring for elderly patients. It is predicted that older adults will make up 21% of the population by 2030 and that there will be 20 million adults aged 85 and over by 2060 (Green, 2018). To better care for these patients, it is important to understand that they often have multiple chronic health conditions which makes providing care for them more complex. Due to having multiple chronic health conditions, elderly patients are at an increased risk for polypharmacy which is defined as prescriptions for five or more drugs. Polypharmacy is concerning in the elderly population because it is associated with falls, adverse drug reactions, and poor adherence to prescribed drug regime (Mabuchi et al., 2020).
Additionally, aging is associated with changes in each body system that the nurse should be aware of. Aging adults have thinner skin that is more prone to tears and bruising; blood vessels become stiffer and harder which causes the heart to work more to pump blood; bones are more prone to fractures due to reduction in their size and density; older adults are more prone to constipation due to inadequate fluid intake or medication side effects.
References:
Green, S. Z. (2018). Health Assessment of the Aging Adult. Health Assessment: Foundations for Effective Practice. https://lc.gcumedia.com/nrs434vn/health-assessment-foundations-for-effective-practice/v1.1/#/chapter/5
Mabuchi, T., Hosomi, K., Yokoyama, S., & Takada, M. (2020). Polypharmacy in elderly patients in Japan: Analysis of Japanese real‐world databases. Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, 45(5), 991–996. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpt.13122
Post 3:
The aging process is characterized by the accumulation of several molecular and cellular damage over the years which leads to a gradual decrease in both physical and mental ability, the risk of having diseases increases and death can happen eventually. Individuals experience this differently (World Health Organization, 2021). As the elderly person’s health health declines, and are more isolated socially, he or she tends to rely on the person taking care of him or her. If the person is physically frail, the caregiver may neglect him or her, or even engage in physical abuse. Some of these victims are aware that they are being abused, but the fear of being neglected prevents them from reporting the case or even mention it. But for those who have memory loss, they may not remember things that happened (National Institute of Justice, 2013). Nursing homework help
Nurses should put certain things into consideration when assessing older adults as compared to middle-aged adults. The nurse should be aware that older adults may have geriatric syndromes- a term used to refer to common health problems that older adults may have, they may not be organ-specific, and have multifactorial causes like frailty, cognitive impairment, etc. Sometimes, these problems are often unrecognizable or not addressed properly. Identifying the specific problems to aging is important so that interventions can be directed to meet the specific needs of the patients. Older adults should also be assessed for all kinds of abuse as this age makes them vulnerable. Unlike the middle-aged adults whose assignments are mainly organ related (Spirgien and Brent, 2018).
National Institute of Justice, (2013). Causes and characteristics of elder abuse. https://nij.ojp.gov/topics/articles/causes-and-characteristics-elder-abuse
Spirgien L. and Brent L., (2018). Comprehensive geriatric assessment from nursing perspective. https://www.ncbi.nlm.gov/books/NBK543827/
World Health Organization, (2021). Aging and health. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/aging-and-health
Post 4:
As one gets older there are some changes associated with old aging. aging characteristics are said to be progressive, intrinsic and universal. Some of the changes that occur in old age include, physical, psychological and physiological. Some of these changes are considered as normal aging process, E, g., wrinkles and gray hair. aging affects the teeth, heart and sexuality (Mayo Clinic). Characteristics of aging process includes Cardiovascular system-there is stiffening of the blood vessels and arteries, causing the heart to work harder to pump blood, predisposing to high-blood pressure and other cardiovascular problems. Memory and Thinking Skills-the brain undergoes changes that may have minor effects on memory or thinking skills. Eyes and Ears-aging may cause the eye to have difficulty with focusing on objects, sensitivity to glare, trouble adapting to different levels of light, aging can also affect the lens causing clouded vision or cataracts. There may be hard hearing or high frequencies following a conversation in a crowded room. Mouth–the gums may pull back from the teeth, teeth may start falling off, dry mouth. teeth and gum may become vulnerable to infection. Skin-there is thinning of skin, loss of elasticity and more fragile, easily bruised. decreased production of oil causing dry skin. wrinkles, spots and skin tags. Bladder and Urinary tract-bladder becomes less elastic, weakness of bladder and pelvic floor muscles, enlarged of inflamed prostate in males, leading to incontinence. Digestive system- structural changes in large intestine, lack of exercise, low fiber diet and dehydration causes constipation in old age. Bones, Joints and muscles-Bones shrink in size and density, loss of calcium causes bone weakness subsequently fracture. shorter in height. loss of muscle strength, endurance and flexibility, also, coordination, stability and balance (Mayo Clinic).
Functional dependence/disability, Poor Physical health, Cognitive impairment, Poor mental health and low income are aging characteristics that can lead to elder abuse (WHO). Memory issue le. g., Alzheimer causes vulnerability to elder abuse like, Physical abuse, Neglect and Financial abuse, depending on the nature of relationship between the abuser and the victim. abusers are family members, sometimes, offspring of the victim, long term dependent of victim. due to health or financial issues will be abusing the victim. Financial exploitation due to unrecognized cognitive impairment {NIJ}.
The nurse should have a good knowledge about geriatric and aging process. Health assessment of elderly is the same strategy of head-toe assessment, but assessment of elderly may take more time, especially if they are confused. A comprehensive health assessment including interviews to obtain important information, like, mental status, family health history, social history-alcohol or substance usage including smoking. allergies, medication. past medical history. Nurse should observe the appearance of the skin- cleanliness, dehydration, scars and injuries. Eyes- vision, if there is need for glasses or change of available one. any issues like cataract or glaucoma. Mouth-teeth and gum disease. Ears -check for hearing difficulty, or if there need for hearing aide. Check for frailty and balance. Check the medication, elderly is at risk for polypharmacy, that is multiple medications which can cause drug reactions. Ask questions about the living environment to prevent falls.
References:
WHOs Global Strategy and Actions plan on ageing and Health and the UN Decade of Healthy Agency (2021-2030). who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/elder-abuse
NIJ National Institute of Justice, Strengthen Science. Advance Justice.
nij.ojp.gov/topics/articles/causes-and-characteristics-el
Aging: What to expect-Mayo clinic-https://www.mayoclinic.org-aging
