BIO 316 W1 Assignment Questions

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BIO 316 W1 Assignment Questions

Which dosage forms are most appropriate for administering drugs to pediatric patients? Adults?Homework is to be presented as a short (70?word) paragraph response for each question. The assignment is to be submitted as a Microsoft Word document electronically to the instructor.

  1.       What are the processes involved in disintegration and dissolution?
  2.       Give a definition of pharmacokinetics.
  3.       Examine the processes of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion, and explain why they occur in this order.
  4.       What determines the absorption ability of a drug?
  5.       Give a definition of the term pharmacodynamics.
  6.       Compare the different ways drugs can interact with the body, depending on their mechanism of action.
  7.       What relationship is there between drug response relationships, serum?concentration profile, and drug manufacturing?
  8.       How does an adverse effect of a drug occur? What are the causes of some drug?drug interactions?

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APA format is not required, but solid academic writing is expected.

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BIO 316 W1 Assignment Questions

 

1-Clinical Pharmacology Made Ridiculously Simple

Olson, J. (2010). Clinical pharmacology made ridiculously simple (4th ed.). Miami, FL: MedMaster, Inc. ISBN 9781935660002 (Available as print text only)

 

2-Periodic Table of the Elements

Refer to the Periodical Table as needed throughout the course.

URL:

http://conhs.gcumedia.com/periodicTable/periodic.htm

 

PDRhealth Physicians’ Desk Reference

Explore the PDRhealth Physicians’ Desk Reference website.

URL:

http://www.pdrhealth.com

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Pharmacokinetics (from Ancient Greek pharmakon “drug” and kinetikos “moving, putting in motion”; see chemical kinetics), sometimes abbreviated as PK, is a branch of pharmacology dedicated to determine the fate of substances administered to a living organism. The substances of interest include any chemical xenobiotic such as: pharmaceutical drugs, pesticides, food additives, cosmetics, etc. It attempts to analyze chemical metabolism and to discover the fate of a chemical from the moment that it is administered up to the point at which it is completely eliminated from the body. Pharmacokinetics is the study of how an organism affects a drug, whereas pharmacodynamics (PD) is the study of how the drug affects the organism. Both together influence dosing, benefit, and adverse effects, as seen in PK/PD models. BIO 316 W1 Assignment Questions

Pharmacokinetics describes how the body affects a specific xenobiotic/chemical after administration through the mechanisms of absorption and distribution, as well as the metabolic changes of the substance in the body (e.g. by metabolic enzymes such as cytochrome P450 or glucuronosyltransferase enzymes), and the effects and routes of excretion of the metabolites of the drug.[2] Pharmacokinetic properties of chemicals are affected by the route of administration and the dose of administered drug. These may affect the absorption rate.[3]

Models have been developed to simplify conceptualization of the many processes that take place in the interaction between an organism and a chemical substance. One of these, the multi-compartmental model, is the most commonly used approximations to reality; however, the complexity involved in adding parameters with that modelling approach means that monocompartmental models and above all two compartmental models are the most-frequently used. The various compartments that the model is divided into are commonly referred to as the ADME scheme (also referred to as LADME if liberation is included as a separate step from absorption):