Developing A Small Nursing Informatics Project For Your Organization

You will use project management tools and strategies to propose how you would support and potentially implement a small nursing informatics project. While you may not have the opportunity to implement this proposed project, this project will allow you to apply the skills needed and the considerations that are required in deducing how a project of this scope might take place in your nursing practice. To complete this project, you will define a small informatics project that would be beneficial to your healthcare organization or nursing practice. Project: Implementation of Smart Phones in Academic Hospital. Developing A Small Nursing Informatics Project For Your Organization

10-11 pages

• Identify and initiate a conversation with a nurse leader at your nursing practice or healthcare organization. Discuss what you will need to develop Scope and Charter Documents.
• Conduct a SWOT analysis which will provide information for the Scope and Charter. You can use a Word document and insert a table. Directions can be viewed in the Week 3 media piece, How to Perform a SWOT Analysis, found in this week’s Learning Resources. Some of the content is relevant to both the project for this course as well as organization of your doctoral dissertation. Overall, the first step for any project, work or your dissertation, requires a plan: what you will and will not do. That information is defined in a charter and scope.
• Create a visual using the Gap Analysis map of the identified gap, documenting the flow from the point of origin to the destination. After watching the Week 3 media piece, How to do a GAP Analysis, identify the gap and analyze the flow or lack of flow of information as the gap in a process. The visual map will include the flow from the point of origin to the destination.
• Create a Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) using PowerPoint slides or another method. Be sure to review the media piece, What Is a Work Breakdown Structure? in the Week 3 Learning Resources.
• Create a Project Timeline Gantt chart, which defines who is responsible, due dates to start /finish activities. (You might also use this as you track your dissertation IRB submission for your proposal). You can find an example on pp. 95–96 of your text, using PowerPoint slides, or another method. Be sure to review the Gantt Charts, Simplified media piece in this week’s Learning Resources.
• RACI (responsibility chart) which outlines who will be responsible for which tasks, if working with a team. An example can be found in the Sipes text on pages 102–103.
• Communication plan – Include documentation of all communications, status reports, changes made, and next steps, especially if others will be responsible for helping you acquire documents such as IRB site documents if applicable. An example can be found in the Sipes text on page 109 and on pages 141–143. Developing A Small Nursing Informatics Project For Your Organization
• Change management plan – Document all changes as they occur (e.g., meetings moved, revisions of drafts of project, due dates moved due to changes, changes in scope of project, change in team members). An example can be found in the Sipes text on page 106, 108, 138 and on pages 156–157.
• Risk management plan– After viewing the Week 4 media piece, “Risk Analysis How to Analyze Risks on Your Project,” document the impact of COVID-19 on current processes and potential for change. Be sure to also document how risk may be mitigated if possible. An example can be found in the Sipes text on pages 103–105.

Compile all updated and current documents from Weeks 1–4 to submit.

Include a description and application to practice for each of the tools you developed. Include the rationale in your submission. Address the following:

• How and why it was developed and its function (all activities will be identified in the WBS)
• How it will be applied to your project? Is it new technology?
• Who was involved in changes and what are their responsibilities? (This is the stakeholders, leadership, end users – (use the RACI chart)
• In what way has this changed with the onset of the pandemic, if at all? This might be the gap analysis, change management plan. What were the changes?
• Are health information system/application upgrades scheduled or planned? Why or why not?

  Implementation of Smart Phones in Baylor Medical Center 

Implementation of Smart Phones in Baylor University and Academic Center

The use of smartphones has become prevalent in academic hospitals today. Reports indicate that in the United States, healthcare professionals use smartphones to coordinate over 80 percent of their routine operations. Smartphones are famous technology that combines telephone communication and informatics in portable devices. Al Kuwaiti et al. (2018) indicated that smartphones in medical hospitals have transformed several aspects of clinical practice. Wu et al. (2010) argue that smartphones are becoming commonplace in medical settings today. The existence of medical devices has prompted rapid growth in the development of medical software applications used in clinical practices. In academic hospitals, smartphones are used to undertake essential tasks like information gathering, storing, and dissemination; time management, maintenance, access to health records; communication and consulting; reference and information gathering; clinical decision-making, patient management, monitoring, and medical education and training. This paper proposes the need to introduce smartphones applications in Baylor University Medical Center to facilitate communication and clinical practices and enhance research and clinical care.

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The onset of the covid-19 pandemic has imposed a significant challenge in the healthcare sector, promoting the need to introduce smartphones to facilitate communication between healthcare professionals and patients or students while in their homes. The pandemic saw the overreliance on telemedicine to offer medical solutions to patients in remote areas. Telemedicine is an approach that allows patients with chronic infections like cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, stroke, or hypertension to be discharged and allowed to continue with their medication in the comfort of their homes. The program provides for follow-up by nurses and other healthcare professionals using smartphones or any computer device while patients are in the comfort of their homes or offices.

Telemedicine is slowly but steadily becoming popular in the United States. Organizations such as Baylor, which are known cancer centers, have adopted telemedicine for patients with underlying conditions to control the spread of the pandemic and reduce the risk of the pandemic on the vulnerable population. One widely used telemedicine approach used in many academic healthcare centers is smartphones. The mobile device is effective in information gathering, storing, and dissemination; time management, maintaining and accessing health records; communication and consulting; reference and information gathering, clinical decision-making, patient management, monitoring, and medical education and training.  Developing A Small Nursing Informatics Project For Your Organization

Baylor University Medical Center offers the latest cancer-related treatments, which are of excellent quality. The hospital opened its cancer center in 2012, which has helped reduce cancer-related issues across the country. The medical center has over 1200 physicians and staff and more than one thousand beds. Baylor is a 1065 bed system with 6 specific medical facilities. Baylor has received high federal rating for heartcare, gynecology, urology, and orthopedics. In addition, Baylor has obtained a high national ranking for patient care, innovation, research and education. Baylor is a center for physician and nursing training with several programs. Baylor absorbs its students back to work as medical practitioners after they graduate. Baylor is located in Dallas, USA. The organization is engaged in several activities that require the use of smartphones. The major activity of Baylor is education and research. The implementation of smartphones will help the organization pass knowledge to students and patients, reduce medical cost by cutting travel costs, and enhance healthcare quality and care outcomes.

According to Lo et al. (2012), smartphones are frequently used among students, physicians, and medical interns, with overall use rates reaching 80 percent. These reports indicate that iOs-based systems such as iPhone are the widely used platform. Smartphones are popular in academic medical centers because of their versatility. The use of smartphone applications in academic hospitals helps in the decision-making process, information search and education application, and clinical practices (Felbaum et al., 2018). There is little evidence regarding the effectiveness of smartphones in improving academic performance among medical students.

SWOT Analysis

Strengths ·       The organization has highly skilled staff and students who can effectively use smartphone applications ·       The hospital space is attractive and inviting for implementing smartphones in the organization. ·       Students and physicians are the major stakeholders in this project, and they are supportive. They have accepted the need for smartphone implementation in the organization to facilitate education search, training, clinical practice, and information sharing. ·       Baylor is a cancer center, and therefore, the implementation of smartphones will enhance the use of the telemedicine approach currently introduced in the organization for patients with chronic infections. Developing A Small Nursing Informatics Project For Your Organization ·       The availability of training and education programs in the hospital will enhance the implementation of new technologies such as smartphone application implementation.	Weaknesses ·       Limited space ·       Limited network access ·       High cost of acquiring smartphones ·       Lack of enough funds to be used in the implementation of the new program ·       The inventory system needs to be upgraded
Opportunities ·       Innovative teamwork. Baylor is a creative academic center that offers high-quality services and uses new technology in its operations. ·       Medical students: the availability of medical students helps to offer the skills needed to use smartphone applications at the college level so that when the students are retained in the organization, they already have the skills, and as a result, the cost of training them will be reduced. ·       The current pandemic: the covid 19 pandemic has presented a need to invest in technology in healthcare organizations to allow patients to continue receiving treatments in the comfort of their homes. The implementation of smartphones will help the organization to implement telemedicine programs effectively. ·       Availability of smartphones: Over 80 percent of the total population have or understand how to use smartphones in the U.S. The availability of smartphones will reduce the cost of implementing smartphones to improve academic performance and enhance the quality of clinical practices. ·       Excellent infrastructure network: Dallas is amongst the most affluent communities with good roads, network coverage, security, and social amenities. The implementation of the use of smartphones requires excellent network coverage. Excellent network coverage in Dallas is a great opportunity	Threats ·       The constant change in technology ·       Threats of cyber actors ·       Security and confidentiality threats to patient’s electronic records ·       Threats of damage and loss of sensitive information ·       Threats of

 

Gap analysis map

The current performance (where we are)

Baylor University Medical Center is a profit organization. The organization wants to increase its growth by 30 percent per year but has been growing at 10 percent a year. This puts the current of Baylor at 8 percent growth per year. The organization has experienced a significant decline in its revenue since the onset of the pandemic. When the pandemic struck, the organization had to release all medical students and reduce hospital congestion by 50 percent. This follows the government directive, which demanded more space in hospitals to reduce the spread of the pandemic. Currently, the organization serves half of its usual patient population. The average patient population currently stands at 1000 daily instead of the usual 3000 patients. The organization has also limited the population of its students by a more significant percentage to minimize congestion in classes. These measures have reduced the organizational returns to 8 percent annually instead of the previous 15 percent as recorded in 2018.  Developing A Small Nursing Informatics Project For Your Organization

The abrupt decline is pegged on the effects of the pandemic, which ravaged the organizational operations. However, with the implementation of smartphone applications, the organization will be able to continue with its operations like teaching, training, and clinical practices even when students and patients are in the comfort of their homes or offices. There is a greater need for implementing smartphone use in the organization to help students continue receiving learning services at their homes even in the face of the pandemic. Similarly, it will help patients receive treatment and limit their face-to-face visits to hospitals for medical services. The organization also records low sales volume because the number of patients outweighs the total population of patients. When the face-to-face treatment method is used, each nurse can only serve a maximum of 100 patients in a day. However, through the telemedicine approach, a nurse can serve up to 200 patients daily. The most convenient telemedicine approach is the use of smartphones. The implementation of smartphones will increase the effectiveness of telemedicine, and as a result, there will be increased returns in the organization.

Where the organization wants to be (the potential of the organization)

The organization’s future target or desired goal is to increase its annual sales to 30 percent by the end of the year. To achieve this goal, the organization must change how it executes its operations by identifying the gap and how that gap can be bridged. The organization targets annual revenue of $25000 per physician and educator. This will be a greater improvement from the current $15000. The organization also seeks to increase its average patient-to-nurse ratio by implementing telehealth and telenursing. Through telehealth and telenursing, the average number of patients that nurses will attend to n a day will shift from 100 to 200. Telenursing is helped to reduce hospital congestion and healthcare costs and enhance the quality-of-care services and outcomes. It efficiently addresses care challenges to patients in remote areas and those with acute conditions. Developing A Small Nursing Informatics Project For Your Organization

Identifying the gap

From the above chart, the “gap” is the grey shaded areas representing the differences between where the organization is currently and where it wants to be. The organization now has a revenue of $50 million. With the increase in revenue by 30 percent towards the end of the fiscal year, the organization is likely to increase its revenue to $200 million with 30% growth in 12 months and $103 million with 8% growth in the same period. Therefore, the gap that needs to be bridged is $97 billion.

Why there are gaps

Baylor University Medical Center uses the traditional medical approaches, such as face-to-face, which have become outdated today. The pandemic subjected patients to stay at home and acquire medical services in the comfort of their homes. the onset of the pandemic informed the need for other approaches such as telemedicine, telenursing and health informatics to address patient needs. These new approaches are effective in providing care to patients with acute conditions such as cancer, diabetes and cardiovascular infections. Baylor University Medical Center is popular for its exemplary services in the treatment of chronic conditions. It is also popular for its high-quality learning services to medical students, research and training. Many academic hospitals adopted telehealth as the primary technique of care. The powerful tools of telehealth are smartphones.

The implementation of smartphones presents a more significant opportunity for Baylor University Medical Center because it will enhance service delivery and the quality of clinical services. The performance of smartphones in Baylor University Medical Center will increase the number of patients attended to by nurses per day, which is essential in increasing returns to the organization. The Baylor University Medical Center enjoys the following privileges which are necessary for the successful implementation of smartphones in academic centers. These opportunities include excellent network coverage, availability of smartphones, skilled manpower, innovative workforce, high patient population, and medical students’ existence.

Work breakdown structure (WBS) for the implementation of smartphones in Baylor University Medical Center

The above work breakdown structure shows various activities undertaken when implementing smartphones in Baylor University Medical Center. From the diagram, it is evident that the implementation of the smartphones in Baylor University Medical Center will involve five major stages which include initiation, planning, execution, control and close out. Activities that will be undertaken in all these stages are reflected in the WBS. The WBS is an essential tool in project implementation (Sipes, 2019). The advantages of WBS in project management are that it defines and organizes all the work required and facilitates the quick development of a schedule by allocating effort estimates to sections of the WBS. In addition, WBS is used in project management to identify all the scope risks, and it provides a visual of the entire scope.

Project timeline

The project aims to implement smartphones in Baylor University Medical Center within 31 days. The proposed project’s impact will be felt after the close of the fiscal year. The major activities that will be undertaken during the project implementation include hiring nursing informaticists, purchasing smartphones, installing policies, security, and applications on the smartphones, and training the physicians, tutors, and students who will be the major stakeholders of the project. The project is scheduled to start in November and will close at the onset of December the same year. The project timeline has indicated how the activities identified in this project will be undertaken (Sipes, 2019). The use of a project timeline is essential in project management. It enhances project communication; there is ease in the tracking down of project progress, it outlines project goals and prioritizes activities

Responsibility chart: The RACI chart

The implementation of the proposed project will involve various stakeholders such as the project manager, consultant, team leaders, supervisor, finance manager, coordinator, and the project sponsor or project leaders. The RACI chart presents the tasks to be completed and the status of the tasks in this project. The task status included in the RACI chart shows whether the project is in progress, on hold, or is competing. The advantage of having a RACI chart is that it shows the stakeholders responsible for specific tasks. The chart also shows the statuses of the tasks to be completed. This helps determine whether or not the project will be completed within the timeline using the available resources. Completing the project within the stipulated time helps ensure that the activities are the roles are executed and are adhering to the set budget limits (Sipes, 2019). This helps to ensure that the project does not cost extra costs or delays. Developing A Small Nursing Informatics Project For Your Organization

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Change management

The project seeks to introduce smartphones to Baylor University and Medical Center. The introduction of smartphones will improve academic students’ academic achievements and enhance communication to facilitate the execution of clinical practices. It also seeks to increase the organizational returns and cost of acquiring healthcare services. The project seeks to reduce physical contact amongst the corporate stakeholders by introducing smartphone applications that can be used virtually and with patients and students in remote areas. The change that the project seeks to introduce will be managed by ensuring effective communication amongst all stakeholders and reducing the project’s resistance. Also, the change will be managed through training and educating all stakeholders on the significance of the project.

Communication plan

The following tools will communicate with stakeholders during the project initiation. They include email, Slack, Asana, Zoom, Google Meet, and social media sites. The use of every tool will depend on the nature of the information being shared. For instance, we will use email to communicate with external stakeholders. We will use Slack for synchronized communication about daily updates and quick questions. We will use Zoom and Google Meet for team meetings such as project post mortem and project brainstorming. Asana will be used to communicate synchronously about work, project details, project status updates and key project documents.

Communication plan for the implementation of Smartphones to Baylor University and Medical Center

Description	Frequency	Channel	Audience	Owner
Status project updates	Weekly	Asana	All internal stakeholders and project team members	Project manager
Virtual team meetings	Monthly	Zoom	all project team members, stakeholders optional	Project manager
external stakeholder updates	As needed	Zoom	Project manager and project stakeholders	Project sponsor
milestone and deliverable updates	As needed	Asana	Project team	All project team members
Project check-ins	Daily	Slack	Project team	All project team members

 

Risk management

The risks associated with this project include the effect of the pandemic, the war between Ukraine and Russia, and constant changes in technology. Economic, social and political risks characterize the pandemic. The pandemic has imposed major factors on the healthcare sector. The pandemic has reduced revenue collection in several healthcare organizations across the country and claimed many nurses and doctors. The implementation of smartphones in Baylor aims to counter the impacts of the pandemic by allowing digital learning, healthcare delivery, and access to electronic healthcare records. The risks of cyber actors who steal intellectual and business data are also a major issue for this project. However, project risks can be mitigated by developing strong security compliance and ensuring proper cryptography in smartphone apps to reduce cyber actors’ ability to hack them. Developing A Small Nursing Informatics Project For Your Organization

Conclusion

This paper has proposed the need to implement smartphones at Baylor University and Academic Center to counter the threats imposed by the pandemic to learners, healthcare providers, and patients. Smartphones are essential tools for sharing information, accessing electronic health records, learning resources, and changing clinical practices. It also acts as a medium for interacting with patients and learners in remote areas. The implementation of the smartphone will help in offering healthcare and learning services to learners remotely. The move is also characterized by increasing the annual organizational revenue, reducing hospital and classroom congestion, reducing the cost of accessing healthcare services, and increasing the quality of healthcare outcomes.

References

Al Kuwaiti, A., Al Muhanna, F. A., & Al Amri, S. (2018). Implementation of digital health technology at academic medical centers in Saudi Arabia. Oman medical journal, 33(5), 367.

Felbaum, D. R., Stewart, J. J., Anaizi, A. N., Sandhu, F. A., Nair, M. N., & Voyadzis, J. M. (2018). Implementation and evaluation of a smartphone application for the perioperative care of neurosurgery patients at an academic medical center: implications for patient satisfaction, surgery cancelations, and readmissions. Operative Neurosurgery, 14(3), 303-311.

Kostalova, J., & Tetrevova, L. (2018). Proposal of project management methods and tools oriented maturity model. Gestão e Projetos: GeP, 9(1), 1-23.

Lo, V., Wu, R. C., Morra, D., Lee, L., & Reeves, S. (2012). The use of smartphones in general and internal medicine units: a boon or a bane to the promotion of interprofessional collaboration?. Journal of interprofessional care, 26(4), 276-282.

Özkan, D., & Mishra, A. (2019). Agile Project Management Tools: A Brief Comprative View. Cybernetics and Information Technologies, 19(4), 17-25.

Sipes, C. (2019). Project management for the advanced practice nurse. Springer Publishing Company.

Wu, R. C., Morra, D., Quan, S., Lai, S., Zanjani, S., Abrams, H., & Rossos, P. G. (2010). The use of smartphones for clinical communication on internal medicine wards. Journal of Hospital Medicine, 5(9), 553-559. Developing A Small Nursing Informatics Project For Your Organization

 

 

 

Task 6 Immunology Vaccines

Task 6: Immune System – vaccines
To answer questions 1 to 7 you must access Netflix and watch the episode “The Race for a
Vaccine” from the series: “Coronavirus Explained”. This episode is 23 minutes long.
1. How long does it take to make a vaccine in the United States, from the start of the process to
be approved?
2. How many days does it take for the body to create antibodies when exposed to a pathogen?
3. How long can our immune system remember other coronaviruses?
4. Name two diseases that have been controlled or eradicated using vaccines
5. What does “herd immunity” mean? Task 6 Immunology Vaccines
6. What is the difference between the 1st generation, 2nd generation and 3rd generation vaccines?
generation?
7. What challenges exist to be able to make vaccines? What challenges exist to make the vaccine
accessible to the population?
8. Complete the following vaccine comparison table (The assigned episode does not have all the
information to answer this question) Task 6 Immunology Vaccines.
Características Pfizer Moderna Johnson & Johnson

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What is the vaccine made of?

What is the percent of
effectiveness of these vaccines?

How many doses are needed?
the vaccine to immunize the
patient?
How long is it estimated
does the immunization last?

What are the conditions of
storage of these vaccines?

 

 

9. After completing this task: Which generation of vaccine should theoretically be the most
effective? Why? Put the references to support your answer. Task 6 Immunology Vaccines

PSYC 338 Psychology Of Gender – Applied Final Project

THIS ASSIGNMENT IS GENDER-RELATED and authentic.

Please see the attachments for examples, expectations, and grading Rubric details.

Final Project: Training Program Design Project

Guidelines: You have been hired to consult at a large corporation on these two projects:

1. Design a training course to help employees deal with gender issues at work.

2. Write a report reflecting on how your course will improve understanding and ways of relating among employees. PSYC 338 Psychology Of Gender – Applied Final Project

culture and history: describe cultural and historical influences on conceptions of gender and other forms of diversity

gender differences: discuss research findings on gender differences and similarities in aggression, achievement, and communication.

relationships: identify gender issues in friendships and romantic relationships

gender expectations: explain the impact of gender, gender role expectations, and gender stereotypes on work roles and physical and mental health

Final Project: Training Program Design Project

Purpose: This activity assesses your comprehension of course materials.

Guidelines: You have been hired to consult at a large corporation on these two projects:
1. Design a training course to help employees deal with gender issues at work.
2. Write a report reflecting how your course will improve understanding and ways of relating among employees.

• culture and history: describe cultural and historical influences on conceptions of gender and other forms of diversity
• gender differences: discuss research findings on gender differences and similarities in aggression, achievement, and communication. PSYC 338 Psychology Of Gender – Applied Final Project
• relationships: identify gender issues in friendships and romantic relationships
• gender expectations: explain the impact of gender, gender role expectations, and gender stereotypes on work roles and physical and mental health

Your tasks will proceed as follows:

Problem areas: Men and women at the corporation have gathered to discuss their observations, experiences, and concerns regarding gender relations at work. The participants in your training course represent management at all levels as well as diverse administrative, technical, and intern personnel.

During your opening session, you ask participants to introduce themselves and to state the problems they have noticed at work. Your participants may cite a general problem such as pay and power differences, and may also state their experiences of gender identification.

Twelve participants: Imagine 12 diverse individuals who have elected to attend your training. Give each individual a name and identify him or her in your report with details including age, gender, ethnicity, and position (power level) at the corporation. Each participant’s identity descriptor should include a statement of the problems he or she has perceived at work. State the problems as if you are quoting the participant. Because this is an imaginary training group, you must place yourself in the shoes of each of your 12 participants and explain the problem from each unique perspective.

Training program: In response to the problems the participants have presented, create an eight-part course. Your course sessions are designed to help participants better understand gender issues.

For each of the eight sessions, state one course learning objective, one Web site, and one article that you will use for that session. Refer to at least one of the participants’ problems that will be addressed in the session. For each session, do the following:

• Give the session title (focus of the session).
• State the session’s objective or objectives.
• State the participant problem(s) you will address in this specific session.
• Name one or more peer review journal articles and/or module resources relevant to the issues brought up by the training participants. Include resources in the course modules and a relevant Web site.
• Describe the activity for the session. We learn from each other when we listen and reflect on the experiences of others. Create and describe an activity that will promote discussion among your participants.
  

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Final training report: Your goal for the training program is for participants to gain the knowledge and skills they need to return to work and effectively contribute to an environment that promotes respect, gender awareness, and efforts to balance power among men and women. Describe four to six specific changes you will recommend to the corporate leaders that address the concerns presented by your training participants. PSYC 338 Psychology Of Gender – Applied Final Project

Grading Rubric:
This project is worth a maximum of 20 points. Your grade will be based on clarity and details specific to gender issues. The final project is worth 26 percent of your overall grade, so it is vital that you do well on this assignment.

Twelve participants: State problems relevant to gender concerns at the corporation from the viewpoint of 12 participants who are taking your training (6 points).

Training program with eight sessions: Describe each session (6 points).

Final training report: Include four to six recommendations for the corporation (6 points).

Journal articles and Web sites: List journal article(s) and Web site(s) relevant to the project. Include citations and references formatted to conform to APA guidelines (2 points).

 

Grading Rubric for FINAL PROJECT

				Points Possible
	6	5	4	3	2	1	0	Total
Total Twelve Participants (.5 points per profile) # of profiles ->	12	10	8	6	4	2	0
Training Course with Eight Session # of sessions ->	8	7	6	5	4-3	2-1	0
4-6 Recommendations # of recommendations ->	4+	3	3	2	2	1	0
Journal Articles and Websites # of APA references ->					2+	1	0

 

Black Women Dying at the Hands of White Doctors While Giving Birth

 

• Davis, Dána-Ain. “Obstetric racism: the racial politics of pregnancy, labor, and ” Medical Anthropology 38.7 (2019): 560-573.

 

The author analyzes various birth stories in the article, as told by black native women in the United States. In the stories that the author analyzes, the women narrated the kind of racism they encountered while being attended to by the healthcare practitioners during labor and delivery. The article focuses on obstetric violence and racism against black women as a threat to birth outcomes. In one of the stories, as narrated by Josie, one of the nursing staff in a birthing facility, the author analyzes the case of Mitchelle, a black woman, being injected with Pitocin, an artificial hormone to induce contractions (P2). The nurse, Josie’s colleague, who injected Mitchelle with Pitocin, claimed that her cervix was open by 5 centimeters. Still, in the real sense, according to another Josie (the narrator), Mitchelle’s cervix was open close to 8 centimeters, which according to the midwife, training could not have required the injection of an artificial hormone (P2). The author argues that, by inducing Mitchelle’s contractions, the nursing staff denied Mitchelle a normal birthing experience that other clients get. PSYC 338 Psychology Of Gender – Applied Final Project

Additionally, Mitchelle was only allowed to enter the labor room with only one person, unlike the white woman who had given birth in the same facility and was allowed to enter the room with six people. Josie argues that Mitchelle was discriminated against further when she was told not to push, even though she had the urge to do so. The doctors claimed that Mitchelle had a cord prolapse (A scenario whereby the umbilical cord is descended and the baby’s head is high in the birth canal). However, the narrator of this experience, Josie, a nursing staff, argues that claims made by doctors could not be true because Mitchelle’s water had not broken; therefore, it could be very unlikely that she had a cord prolapse. The author argues that Mitchelle was just one of the Black women undergoing a very adverse birth experience. Conclusively, the author argues that obstetric racism haunts black women’s experience in pregnancies, labor, and birth.

 

• Villarosa, Linda. “Why America’s black mothers and babies are in a life-or-death crisis.” The New York Times Magazine 11 (2018).

 

The author argues that the black infant mortality, death, and near-death encounters by black mothers are still a crisis in the United States (P6). The rate of maternal mortality is worse than it was two decades ago. However, the author argues that, according to the current CDC reports, the maternal mortality rate among black women is three times more likely to die from pregnancy-related complications than of white counterparts (P6). The author attributes the difference in maternal mortality rates between black women and white women to the existing racial disparities. The author argues that the states have put little attention to the gaps in maternal mortality rates, with few states reviewing pregnancy-related deaths (P6).

Additionally, the author argues that black women are at the receiving of maternal dates due to systemic racism, which subjects them to psychosocial stress, one of the leading causes of pregnancy-related complications like hypertension (P7). Equally, the author argues that societal racism, predominantly racial discrimination that black women experience in the healthcare systems, like dismissing genuine symptoms and concerns, contributes to poor birth outcomes among black women (P7). Additionally, the author suggests that it is the people’s responsibility to discuss structural racism, which threatens black women’s lives. PSYC 338 Psychology Of Gender – Applied Final Project

Works Cited

Davis, Dána-Ain. “Obstetric racism: the racial politics of pregnancy, labor, and            birthing.” Medical Anthropology 38.7 (2019): 560-573.   https://doi.org/10.1080/01459740.2018.1549389

 

Villarosa, Linda. “Why America’s black mothers and babies are in a life-or-death crisis.” The New York Times Magazine 11 (2018). (pdf) PSYC 338 Psychology Of Gender – Applied Final Project

 

 

 

 

 

Applied Treatment Plan Assignment

Please review the attachments for assignment details and Grading Rubric.

In your applied final project for this course, you will analyze a case study, select a diagnosis, create a treatment plan, and support your decisions with evidence from the course readings or outside scholarly resources.

APPLIED FINAL PROJECT

In your applied final project for this course, you will analyze a case study, select a diagnosis, create a treatment plan, and support your decisions with evidence from the course readings or outside scholarly resources. Applied Treatment Plan Assignment

STEP 1: Review the Case Report

 

Psychological Case Study

Name:  Ms. Smith                                                                         Dates of Interview: 03/18/19; 03/25/19

Date of Birth: 03/21/1987                                                                         Age: 32 years

Gender: Female                                                                                           Education: Highschool Graduate

Background information:

Ms. Smith is a 32-year-old biracial, female, who has completed high school and is currently employed as a waitress.  Ms. Smith was taken to the hospital on 3/18/2019 by local police, who found her screaming, pacing, and weeping inconsolably outside of a local apartment building on 5^th Street. Apartment residents called police to the scene, concerned by the disturbance Ms. Smith was creating.

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Captain Logan, with Fire and Rescue, arrived second on the scene and treated Ms. Smith for multiple cuts on her arms.  Exhausted by apparent despair, Ms. Smith conveyed she moved to town one month earlier from Memphis, TN, looking for a new start. She met her boyfriend, Frank, six days after starting her new job, and they have gone out six times.  According to Ms. Smith, “Frank is my destiny, he has to love me as much as I love him!”  Officers at the scene learn that Frank, hours earlier, told Ms. Smith he never wanted to see her again and that Ms. Smith has a restraining order against her in San Diego, CA. Applied Treatment Plan Assignment

Referral Question:

Ms. Smith has been referred to Dr. Liam for psychological evaluation due to immediate concerns for risk of self-harm.

Current Symptoms:

Currently, Ms. Smith, reports that her head sometimes feels numb and that her thoughts are confused.  She is experiencing incredibly strong feelings of fear, seeing herself as being abandoned and alone in a strange new town. She self identifies as a passionate woman capable of foolish things that she is sometimes sorry for, to include unprotected sex with multiple partners before meeting Frank.

When interviewed by police the day Ms. Smith was escorted from his apartment complex, Frank reported that Ms. Smith’s behaviors toward him rapidly became impulsive and demanding after their first date.  At first Ms. Smith was charming and thoughtful.  She would surprise him with small, simple gifts (e.g., movie tickets).  She then started to send affectionate text messages every half hour. The nature of the text messages quickly shifted from casual and flirty to strong expressions of passion and love sent every 10 minutes.  When Frank did not respond to these messages, in frequency or kind, Ms. Smith would suddenly ignore him or lash out.

When asked about this behavior, Ms. Smith reported she regretted her negative actions towards Frank immediately after she did them, experiencing regret or panic after lashing out. Having been in many relationships before, that according to her, ‘did not work out,’ Ms. Smith could not stand the idea of Frank, her perfect love, seeing her as unkind. Applied Treatment Plan Assignment

Now that Frank has broken up with Ms. Smith, she feels empty, powerless, and worthless.  She attributes this sorrow as the reasons behind her sudden mood swings.  Her thoughts and emotions stray between extreme agitation and a compulsion to act out to apathy and a desire to withdraw.     Relevant History:

Developmental/Medical/Social:

Ms. Smith’s mother, Helen Taylor, and father, Jake Smith, were both heroin addicts.  Her mother claims she did not use drugs while pregnant with Ms. Smith, attributing the life-style change to having completed rehabilitation two months prior to becoming pregnant.  During the pregnancy, Ms. Taylor did not seek prenatal care due to a fear of doctors and a lack of financial security.  At delivery, Ms. Smith reports she thinks she was a normal, healthy infant.

Ms. Smith reports that her mother, Ms. Taylor, was not interested in being a mother and abandoned her to the care of Mr. Smith when she was 8-months old, upon his release from jail, following incarceration for stealing a wedding band to wed Ms. Taylor.  Applied Treatment Plan Assignment

Growing up, Ms. Smith had two older half-brothers, and one younger half-sister.  Her mother had multiple relationships prior to meeting Mr. Smith and is the mother of Ms. Smith’s brothers. Ms. Smith’s half-sister is the child of her father and stepmother.  Ms. Smith lived with her father and stepmother until she was 18 years-of-age.  The years between 2 and 8 she describes as the most influential. She struggled with confusion as to why her mother did not want her and why her stepmother ignored her.  She also suffered malnutrition due to lacking food in the home.

Between the ages of 7 and 17, Ms. Smith continued to lack food and emotional security. She also withdrew into bouts of self-loathing and wishing for a permanent out for her mental, emotional, and physical suffering.  Her father’s moods were unpredictable, and her stepmother hit her frequently. Ms. Smith reports that no longer what she did (skipped school, brought home straight A’s), her stepmother expressed upset towards her. Owning one pair of jeans, four shirts and one pair of shoes by the time she turned 18, Ms. Smith was sensitive to the judgement of others.  In middle school and high school, she was overly self-focused and overreacted if she sensed a hint of judgement or rejection from others.  This reactance often led to sudden moments of violence (fights, throwing objects, verbal assaults) against those Ms. Smith felt wronged by.  During this period, Ms. Smith also took up the use of alcohol to counter regrets for her negativity towards others, and the wallowing emotional pit of nothingness she sometimes found herself in.

Ms. Smith did disclose a family history of mental health challenges and anger management issues, though most she attributes to illegal substance use difficulties. Ms. Smith says she has worked with multiple therapists over the years but has not had luck finding one who understands her enough to bring about change.  Reportedly, Ms. Smith was not athletic as a child or teen, but was good at art, music, and writing.  She participated in band until her stepmother made it impossible for her to make it to band practice on time, making her miss the morning school bus.

Pointed to above, Ms. Smith’s relationships with others have, and continue to be brief, beginning with idealization of a person and then a rapid period of denigration and demands of that person.

Educational/Occupational:

Ms. Smith explained that she was an early reader and began to read while attending a Jump Start Program.  Ms. Smith stated that, during the first grade, she “loved” her teacher Mr. V., but he never paid attention to her.  Ms. Smith reported that she performed quite well academically from the second through the fifth grade. This period marks a time before a move across country to a new town.  In sixth grade, Ms. Smith changed schools.  The middle school and high school years marked a period where her teachers knew her homelife was poor and they worked to get her into advanced classes. Currently, Ms. Smith is working as a waitress, but aspires to enter the music industry as a song writer. She has always been talented with the written word, according to her.  This career focus will be her fourth “remaking of herself” in the past 18 months.  Applied Treatment Plan Assignment

Alcohol Substance Abuse:

Ms. Smith denied use of any illegal drugs or any prescription drugs, but does overindulge in alcohol.

Conduct and Legal:

Reportedly, Ms. Smith has a restraining order against her in the state of California.  The order is to maintain over 100 feet from a past romantic interest.  Ms. Smith acknowledge she was disappointed her affection was perceived as overly demanding and blames the failure of the relationship on the fact the person was married.

Observations:

Ms. Smith is a 32-year-old, biracial female of average height and petite frame. She appeared her stated age, arrived at the evaluation agitated and dressed in clothes that may have been slept in. She was polite and cooperative at one moment and then sarcastic or argumentative the next during the evaluation.  Ms. Smith is left-handed. When challenged she would response with explosive anger, then retrack with an apology and body language that expressed guilt or remorse.  Attention and concentration were slightly impaired.  Ms. Smith’s thought processes were connected, while logic applied to decision making was not always coherent.  Ms. Smith’s eye contact during the evaluation was dependent on her mood.

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Regarding her motor functioning, there are no apparent abnormalities.  No evidence of impaired vision or hearing was present during this evaluation.  Ms. Smith did not demonstrate any difficulties with speech and appeared to demonstrate the ability to both understand and express the English language without notable exceptions. The content of her thought was occasionally tangential, moving off topic to the discussion of Frank, or to make personal inquiries directed at getting to know Dr. Liam. Her preoccupation with being abandoned does not appear to reflect paranoid thinking.  Her affect shifts rapid, contingent on topic of the discussion.  She did not report hallucinations or delusions.  Ms. Smith’s gait and pace reflected shifts in mood throughout the session. She did express suicidal but not homicidal ideation. Applied Treatment Plan Assignment

STEP 2: Draft a Case Conceptualization

 

Apply cumulative knowledge from this course and others (i.e., abnormal psychology) to diagnosis Ms. Smith, support your diagnosis with evidence from the case and recommend further assessment and treatment options. Your paper should consist of the following sections:

Title Page

Part I: Reason for Referral

1. What was the reason for the referral?
2. What sources of data do you have and need?

Part II: Background Summary

1. Family/Social, (supports) Include ethnic/racial/cultural
2. Medical/ developmental
3. Educational/occupational (hobbies)
4. Behavioral observations

Part III: Assessment Data

1. Assessment:
2. In addition to a good diagnostic interview, what assessment tools would you recommend using to aid in giving an accurate diagnosis and developing a treatment plan?

Part IV: Tentative Diagnosis

1. Select a diagnosis using the DSM-5
   • DSM codes (add resources) http://ezproxy.umgc.edu/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=nlebk&AN=1610168&site=eds-live&scope=site&ebv=EK&ppid=Page-__-1
2. Defend which diagnosis/diagnoses are possible using specific examples from the case.

 

Part V: Treatment Recommendations

1. Consider which treatment would be the ethical choice (community, group, referral to a forensic psychologist, psychiatrist, physician or for a neuropsychology evaluation).
2. Provide one or two Evidence Based Treatment recommendation for the diagnosis given.  Be sure to cite the source that helped you to determine the best Evidence Based Treatment for this diagnosis. Applied Treatment Plan Assignment

 

Part VI: Considerations

Clearly present your analysis of developmental, sociocultural, and ethical considerations that contribute to the diagnosis and treatment recommendations made.

1. Developmental Considerations
2. Sociocultural Considerations
3. Ethical Considerations

Part VII: Conclusion

1. Conclude with a summary of your findings.

Part VIII: References

Your paper should be 6-8 pages in length.  Use APA style headings and subheadings, double-spacing, an appropriate serif or sans serif font (e.g., Times Roman12-point; Arial 11-point; Calibri 11-point), one-inch margins (left, right, top, and bottom), page numbering, and logical flow from topic to topic.  Write with clarity, paying attention to spelling, grammar, and syntax.

 

PLEASE NOTE:

While a typical Case Conceptualization would not contain a reference section, we are asking you to include one here to demonstrate good practice in attributing and citing the ideas of others correctly. Please also include in text citations as appropriate.

Consult the UMGC Citing and Writing Guide, for proper form of APA Style in-text citations and references.

Please reference the rubric accompanying this assignment for scoring details. Applied Treatment Plan Assignment