NURS 6501 Walden University Wk 2 Cellulitis Case Study

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NURS 6501 Walden University Wk 2 Cellulitis Case Study

Description

 

Module 1 Assignment: Case Study Analysis

An understanding of cells and cell behavior is a critically important component of disease diagnosis and treatment. But some diseases can be complex in nature, with a variety of factors and circumstances impacting their emergence and severity.

Effective disease analysis often requires an understanding that goes beyond isolated cell behavior. Genes, the environments in which cell processes operate, the impact of patient characteristics, and racial and ethnic variables all can have an important impact.

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An understanding of the signals and symptoms of alterations in cellular processes is a critical step in the diagnosis and treatment of many diseases. For APRNs, this understanding can also help educate patients and guide them through their treatment plans. NURS 6501 Walden University Wk 2 Cellulitis Case Study

In this Assignment, you examine a case study and analyze the symptoms presented. You identify cell, gene, and/or process elements that may be factors in the diagnosis, and you explain the implications to patient health.

To prepare:

By Day 1 of this week, you will be assigned to a specific case study for this Case Study Assignment. Please see the “Course Announcements” section of the classroom for your assignment from your Instructor.

Scenario 2: A 42-year-old man comes to clinic with chief complaint of pain, redness, and swelling of his right calf. He states that he had been working in his yard using a string trimmer when the trimmer slipped and cut his leg. He cleaned the wound with water from the garden hose and covered the wound with a large Band-Aid. Several days later, he developed fever to 100.6˚ F and chills and noticed that his leg was swollen and red. He comes to the emergency department for definitive care.

DX: Cellulitis

The Assignment (1 to 2-page case study analysis)

Develop a 1- to 2-page case study analysis in which you:

Explain why you think the patient presented the symptoms described.

Identify the genes that may be associated with the development of the disease.

Explain the process of immunosuppression and the effect it has on body systems.

By Day 7 of Week 2

Submit your Case Study Analysis Assignment by Day 7 of Week 2.

Reminder: The College of Nursing requires that all papers submitted include a title page, introduction, summary, and references. The sample paper provided at the Walden Writing Center provides an example of those required elements (available at https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/templates). All papers submitted must use this formatting. NURS 6501 Walden University Wk 2 Cellulitis Case Study

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Explain why you think the patient presented the symptoms described.

I think is a cellulitis base on the patient’s chief complaint and the signs and symptoms: Pain, redness, and swelling of his right calf, fever to 100.6˚ F and chills and leg was swollen and red. Cellulitis (sel-u-LIE-tis) is a common, potentially serious bacterial skin infection. The affected skin appears swollen and red and is typically painful and warm to the touch. Cellulitis usually affects the skin on the lower legs, but it can occur in the face, arms and other areas. It occurs when a crack or break in your skin allows bacteria to enter.Left untreated, the infection can spread to your lymph nodes and bloodstream and rapidly become life-threatening. ( https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cellulitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20370762) Also the explanation of how he ended up having those symptoms, he explained that he had been working in his yard using a string trimmer when the trimmer slipped and cut his leg. He cleaned the wound with water from the garden hose and covered the wound with a large Band-Aid. So he has a cut, an open area that he cleaned with water from the garden hose and covered with a band aid without even disinfecting the wound makes me think that he has an infection (Cellulitis).

References:

McCance, K. L. & Huether, S. E. (2019). Pathophysiology: The biologic basis for disease in adults and children (8th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby/ElsevierChapter 47-Page 1513. NURS 6501 Walden University Wk 2 Cellulitis Case Study

NURS 6501 WU Wk 2 Advanced Pathophysiology Adenocarcinoma of The Colon Case Study

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NURS 6501 WU Wk 2 Advanced Pathophysiology Adenocarcinoma of The Colon Case Study

A 65-year-old obese African American male patient presents to his HCP with crampy left lower quadrant pain, constipation, and fevers to 101˚ F. He has had multiple episodes like this one over the past 15 years and they always responded to bowel rest and oral antibiotics. He has refused to have the recommended colonoscopy even with his history of chronic inflammatory bowel disease (diverticulitis), sedentary lifestyle, and diet lacking in fiber. His paternal grandfather died of colon cancer back in the 1950s as well. He finally underwent colonoscopy after his acute diverticulitis resolved. Colonoscopy revealed multiple polyps that were retrieved, and the pathology was positive for adenocarcinoma of the colon.  NURS 6501 WU Wk 2 Advanced Pathophysiology Adenocarcinoma of The Colon Case Study

THE ASSIGNMENT (1- TO 2-PAGE CASE STUDY ANALYSIS)THE TITLE PAGE AND REFERENCE PAGE(S) DO NOT COUNT IN YOUR TOTAL OF 1-2 PAGES

Develop a 1- to 2-page case study analysis in which you:

  • Explain why you think the patient presented the symptoms described.
  • Identify the genes that may be associated with the development of the disease.
  • Explain the process of immunosuppression and the effect it has on body systems.

Review Points to Remember about Assignments / Work / Discussions

The College of Nursing requires that all papers submitted include a title page, introduction, summary, and references. This paper must contain a title page, an introduction, a purpose statement, body, and conclusion – all with appropriate citations and references. The title page and reference page(s) do not count in your total of 1-2 pages. PLEASE review the rubric as well – it will guide you on the needed number of references, formatting, etc.

Group B

A 65-year-old obese African American male patient presents to his HCP with crampy left lower quadrant pain, constipation, and fevers to 101˚ F. He has had multiple episodes like this one over the past 15 years and they always responded to bowel rest and oral antibiotics. He has refused to have the recommended colonoscopy even with his history of chronic inflammatory bowel disease (diverticulitis), sedentary lifestyle, and diet lacking in fiber. His paternal grandfather died of colon cancer back in the 1950s as well. He finally underwent colonoscopy after his acute diverticulitis resolved. Colonoscopy revealed multiple polyps that were retrieved, and the pathology was positive for adenocarcinoma of the colon.

The Assignment (1- to 2-page case study analysis)

Develop a 1- to 2-page case study analysis in which you:

  • Explain why you think the patient presented the symptoms described.
  • Identify the genes that may be associated with the development of the disease.
  • Explain the process of immunosuppression and the effect it has on body systems.

Review Points to Remember about Assignments / Work / Discussions

The College of Nursing requires that all papers submitted include a title page, introduction, summary, and references.

  • Remember this is an ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY course so you must address the content at the cellular level. This is a requirement in this course.
  • Make sure that all your work is submitted in APA format
    • Review proper quotes, paraphrasing
    • You MUST avoid plagiarism and be sure that you are giving credit to those who provided you the information. If it’s a quote, then quote it!!
  • You must develop your paragraphs well, 5-6 sentences each with citations – at this point in your academic career.
  • READ the instructions and make sure that you are addressing each of the asked for components and place headings to make it obvious to the reader
  • READ the rubric – you must have references to get the points and if you don’t have the references you also loose points for analysis and synthesis because you can’t do this without validated content.
  • Review your SAFEASSIGN percentage – if it is high, then rework the information that is highlighted. I can see if it is due to the references, but the body of the information should be new/fresh and yours.
    • If your SafeAssign percentage is high related to the meat of the assignment, then you could receive a zero.
    • Self-plagiarism – using work that you created for other courses and submitting again for this course.
    • Not giving credit – when you write you will basically have citations at the end of each sentence until you get more adept at this process. If you do not cite work and therefore presenting information that you learned from someone else as your own, this is plagiarism. NURS 6501 WU Wk 2 Advanced Pathophysiology Adenocarcinoma of The Colon Case Study

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1-provide a purpose statement and to use different/additional resources to help to avoid plagiarism/high safeassign percentages.  When you search for information don’t just pick the first couple of things that come up on the search as this is what many students do so everyone is using the same references.

 

2-make sure you are using headings so that the content is clear.  Don’t forget that your paper must be in APA format, paragraphs developed, 5-6 sentences each with citations, make sure that your first paragraph has a clear purpose statement in your introduction, and review the rubric so you are clear about the expectations.

 

3-REFERENCES:  Also when it comes to references, I expect a minimum of 3 references in your initial post and a minimum of 2 references in your peer post.  This is what provides validity to your work and helps to develop evidence-based practice habits.   In addition, for papers, you should provide a minimum of 5 references. When it comes to your KC answers, I think you should know where you got the information so that you can go back and study your material for your exams.  So, it is helpful to cite this material as well.  However, citations are not required.

 

4-You will be writing a 1-2 page paper in APA format.  This paper must contain a title page, an introduction, a purpose statement, body, and conclusion – all with appropriate citations and references.  The title page and reference page(s) do not count in your total of 1-2 pages.  PLEASE review the rubric as well – it will guide you on the needed number of references, formatting, etc. NURS 6501 WU Wk 2 Advanced Pathophysiology Adenocarcinoma of The Colon Case Study

NURS 6501 WU Wk 2 Advanced Pathophysiology Rheumatoid Arthritis Discussion

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NURS 6501 WU Wk 2 Advanced Pathophysiology Rheumatoid Arthritis Discussion

Description

Follow the instructions from attach. This assignment is of Pathophysiology I did answered myself to most of the questions. I need help with formatting the paper nicely, presentable, and professional. It is ok that tutor make correction and add any more important information to this topic. Make sure to include the scenario case provided by professor. Tutor must be an expert in Acute-APRN(RN) Master program, apply APA style in citation, references follow the rubric table for details about grading.  NURS 6501 WU Wk 2 Advanced Pathophysiology Rheumatoid Arthritis Discussion

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Week 2 Assignment NURS 6501 Advanced pathophysioly

Week 2: Altered Physiology

Learning Objectives

Students will:

  • Evaluate cellular processes and alterations within cellular processes
  • Analyze alterations in the immune system that result in disease processes
  • Identify racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning
  • Evaluate the impact of patient characteristics on disorders and altered physiology

 

Module 1 Assignment: Case Study Analysis

An understanding of cells and cell behavior is a critically important component of disease diagnosis and treatment. But some diseases can be complex in nature, with a variety of factors and circumstances impacting their emergence and severity.

Effective disease analysis often requires an understanding that goes beyond isolated cell behavior. Genes, the environments in which cell processes operate, the impact of patient characteristics, and racial and ethnic variables all can have an important impact.

An understanding of the signals and symptoms of alterations in cellular processes is a critical step in the diagnosis and treatment of many diseases. For APRNs, this understanding can also help educate patients and guide them through their treatment plans. NURS 6501 WU Wk 2 Advanced Pathophysiology Rheumatoid Arthritis Discussion

In this Assignment, you examine a case study and analyze the symptoms presented. You identify cell, gene, and/or process elements that may be factors in the diagnosis, and you explain the implications to patient health.

CASE STUDY WEEK #2

THIS IS FOR WEEK #2 — PLEASE NOTE:

Scenario 1: A 49-year-old patient with rheumatoid arthritis comes into the clinic with a chief complaint of a fever. Patient’s current medications include atorvastatin 40 mg at night, methotrexate 10 mg po every Friday morning and prednisone 5 mg po qam. He states that he has had a fever up to 101 degrees F for about a week and admits to chills and sweats. He says he has had more fatigue than usual and reports some chest pain associated with coughing. He admits to having occasional episodes of hemoptysis. He works as a grain inspector at a large farm cooperative. After extensive work-up, the patient was diagnosed with Invasive aspergillosis. NURS 6501 WU Wk 2 Advanced Pathophysiology Rheumatoid Arthritis Discussion

 

 

To prepare:

WEEK #2

This week look at the objectives, resources, and assignment.

 

This week you examine compensatory mechanisms and physiological responses to disorders. You also explore the impact of patient factors on the pathophysiology of disorders and resulting compensatory mechanisms.

 

Objectives are:

 

By the end of the week, you will be able to:

 

  • Compare maladaptive and physiological responses of immune disorders
  • Evaluate the impact of patient factors on the pathophysiology of immune disorders
  • Analyze the pathophysiology of disorders
  • Assess adaptive responses to alterations
  • Evaluate clinical considerations of disorders
  • Understand and apply key terms, concepts, and principles related to adaptive and compensatory mechanisms

 

Assignment this week:

 

By Day 1 of this week, you will be assigned to a specific case study for this Case Study Assignment. Please see the “Course Announcements” section of the classroom for your assignment from your Instructor.

The Assignment (1- to 2-page case study analysis)

Develop a 1- to 2-page case study analysis in which you:

  • Explain why you think the patient presented the symptoms described.
  • Identify the genes that may be associated with the development of the disease.
  • Explain the process of immunosuppression and the effect it has on body systems. NURS 6501 WU Wk 2 Advanced Pathophysiology Rheumatoid Arthritis Discussion

 

By Day 1 of this week, you will be assigned to a specific case study for this Case Study Assignment. Please see the “Course Announcements” section of the classroom for your assignment from your Instructor.

The Assignment (1- to 2-page case study analysis)

Develop a 1- to 2-page case study analysis in which you:

  • Explain why you think the patient presented the symptoms described.

My Answer : First of all, the patient ‘s immune system is weak due to immunosuppression therapy. Patient  got infected with opportunistic fungal infection aspergillosis acquired by inhaling mold from the grains, presenting with pulmonary invasive aspergillosis with symptoms of fever 101degree F, fatigue, chest pain, coughing, and occasional episodes of hemoptysis.

The response accurately and thoroughly describes the patient symptoms.
The response includes accurate, clear, and detailed reasons, with explanation for the symptoms supported by evidence and/or research, as appropriate, to support the explanation

MY ASWER continue …RA results from dysregulation of the humoral and cellmediated components of the immune system. Most patients produce antibodies called rheumatoid factors; these seropositive patients tend to have a more aggressive course than patients who are seronegative.

  • Immunoglobulins (Igs) can activate the complement system, which amplifies the immunoresponse by enhancing chemothaxis, phagocytosis, and release of lymphokines by mononuclear cells that are then presented to T lymphocytes. The processed antigen is recognized by the major histompatibility complex proteins on the lymphocyte surface, resulting in activation of T and B cells.
  • Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-1 (IL-1), and IL-6 are proinflammatory cytokines important in the initiation and continuance of inflammation.
  • Activated T cells produce cytotoxins, which are directly toxic to tissues, and cytokines, which stimulate further activation of inflammatory processes and attract cells to areas of inflammation. Macrophages are stimulated to release prostaglandins and cytoxins.
  • Activated B cells produce plasma cells, which form antibodies that, in combination with complement, result in the accumulation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. These leukocytes release cytotoxins, oxygen free radicals, and hydroxyl radicals that promote cellular damage to synovium and bone.
  • Vasoactive substances (histamines, kinins, and prostaglandins) are released at sites of inflammation, increasing blood flow and vascular permeability. This causes edema, warmth , erythema, and pain and makes it easier for granulocytes to pass from blood vessels to sites of inflammation.
  • Chronic inflammation of the synovial tissue lining the joint capsule results in tissue proliferation (pannus formation). Pannus invades cartilage and eventually the bone surface, producing erosions of bone and cartilage and leading to joint destruction. The end result may be loss of joint space, loss of joint motion, bony fusion (ankylosis), joint subluxation, tendon contractures, and chronic deformity.
  • Identify the genes that may be associated with the development of the disease.

MY Answer: Associated gene HLA-DR4 The response includes an accurate, complete, detailed, and specific analysis of the genes that may be associated with the development of the disease.

  • Explain the process of immunosuppression and the effect it has on body systems.

MY  Answer:  This patient is on Nonbiologic (disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) such as methothrexate, and prednisone for immunosuppression therapy (tutor explain briefly about how these two drugs work in the immune system, and a more in detail about the process of immunosuppression focus in rheumatoid arthritis. The response includes an accurate, complete, detailed, and specific explanation of the process of immunosuppression and the effect it has on body systems. “ My answer” MTX inhibits cytokine production and purine biosynthesis, which may be responsible for its antiinflammatory properties. Its onsent is relatively rapid (as early as 2-3 weeks), and 45% to 67% of patient s remained on it in studies ranging from 5 to 7years. Corticosteroids have antiinflammatory and immunosuppressive properties.They interfere with antigen presentation to T lymphocytes, inhibit prostaglandin and leukotrene synthesis, and inhibit neutrophil and monocyte supeoxide radical generation (tutor include the process of therapy the dosing and time for both MTX and corticoids (prednisone, and methylprednisolone). NURS 6501 WU Wk 2 Advanced Pathophysiology Rheumatoid Arthritis Discussion

 

Submit your Case Study Analysis Assignment by Day 7 of Week 2.

See Rubric Detail for grading

 

NURS_6501_Module1_Case Study_Assignment_Rubric

  Excellent Fair Poor
Develop a 1- to 2-page case study analysis, examining the patient symptoms presented in the case study. Be sure to address the following:

Explain why you think the patient presented the symptoms described.

 28 (28%) – 30 (30%)

The response accurately and thoroughly describes the patient symptoms.

The response includes accurate, clear, and detailed reasons, with explanation for the symptoms supported by evidence and/or research, as appropriate, to support the explanation.

 23 (23%) – 24 (24%)

The response describes the patient symptoms in a manner that is vague or inaccurate.

The response includes reasons for the symptoms, with explanations that are vague or based on inappropriate evidence/research.

 0 (0%) – 22 (22%)

The response describes the patient symptoms in a manner that is vague and inaccurate, or the description is missing.

The response does not include reasons for the symptoms, or the explanations are vague or based on inappropriate or no evidence/research.
Identify the genes that may be associated with the development of the disease. 23 (23%) – 25 (25%)

The response includes an accurate, complete, detailed, and specific analysis of the genes that may be associated with the development of the disease.

 18 (18%) – 19 (19%)

The response includes a vague or inaccurate analysis of the genes that may be associated with the development of the disease.

 0 (0%) – 17 (17%)

The response includes a vague or inaccurate analysis of the genes that may be associated with the development of the disease is missing.
Explain the process of immunosuppression and the effect it has on body systems. 28 (28%) – 30 (30%)

The response includes an accurate, complete, detailed, and specific explanation of the process of immunosuppression and the effect it has on body systems.

 23 (23%) – 24 (24%)

The response includes a vague or inaccurate explanation of the process of immunosuppression and the effect it has on body systems.

 0 (0%) – 17 (17%)

The response includes a vague or inaccurate explanation of the process of immunosuppression and the effect it has on body systems.
Written Expression and Formatting – Paragraph Development and Organization:
Paragraphs make clear points that support well-developed ideas, flow logically, and demonstrate continuity of ideas. Sentences are carefully focused—neither long and rambling nor short and lacking substance. A clear and comprehensive purpose statement and introduction are provided that delineate all required criteria.		 5 (5%) – 5 (5%)

Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity.

A clear and comprehensive purpose statement, introduction, and conclusion are provided that delineate all required criteria.

 3 (3%) – 3 (3%)

Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity 60%–79% of the time.

Purpose, introduction, and conclusion of the assignment are vague or off topic.

 0 (0%) – 2 (2%)

Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity < 60% of the time.

No purpose statement, introduction, or conclusion were provided.
Written Expression and Formatting – English Writing Standards:
Correct grammar, mechanics, and proper punctuation		 5 (5%) – 5 (5%)

Uses correct grammar, spelling, and punctuation with no errors.

 3 (3%) – 3 (3%)

Contains several (3 or 4) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors.

 0 (0%) – 2 (2%)

Contains many (≥ 5) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors that interfere with the reader’s understanding.
Written Expression and Formatting – The paper follows correct APA format for title page, headings, font, spacing, margins, indentations, page numbers, running heads, parenthetical/in-text citations, and reference list. 5 (5%) – 5 (5%)

Uses correct APA format with no errors.

 3 (3%) – 3 (3%)

Contains several (3 or 4) APA format errors.

 0 (0%) – 2 (2%)

Contains many (≥ 5) APA format errors.
Total Points: 100  

Name: NURS_6501_Module1_Case Study_Assignment_Rubric

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Learning Resources

Required Readings 

 

McCance, K. L. & Huether, S. E. (2019). Pathophysiology: The biologic basis for disease in adults and children (8th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby/Elsevier.

 

  • Chapter 1: Cellular Biology; Summary Review
  • Chapter 2: Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology: Environmental Agents(pp. 46-61; begin again with Manifestations of Cellular Injury pp. 83-97); Summary Review
  • Chapter 3: The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids, and Bases,
  • Chapter 4: Genes and Genetic Diseases (stop at Elements of formal genetics); Summary Review
  • Chapter 5: Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common Diseases (stop at Genetics of common diseases); Summary Review
  • Chapter 7: Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing
  • Chapter 8: Adaptive Immunity (stop at Generation of clonal diversity); Summary Review
  • Chapter 9: Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation (stop at Deficiencies in immunity); Summary Review
  • Chapter 10: Infection (stop at Infectious parasites and protozoans); (start at HIV); Summary Review
  • Chapter 11: Stress and Disease (stop at Stress, illness & coping); Summary Review
  • Chapter 12: Cancer Biology (stop at Resistance to destruction);Summary Review
  • Chapter 13: Cancer Epidemiology (stop at Environmental-Lifestyle factors); Summary Review . NURS 6501 WU Wk 2 Advanced Pathophysiology Rheumatoid Arthritis Discussion

Note: You previously read these chapters in Week 1 and you are encouraged to review once again for this week.

You previously read these chapters in Week 1 and you are encouraged to review once again for this week.

Justiz-Vaillant, A. A., & Zito, P. M. (2019). Immediate hypersensitivity reactions. In StatPearls. Treasure Island, FL: StatPearls Publishing. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513315/

​Credit Line: Immediate Hypersensitivity Reactions – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf. (2019, June 18). Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513315/. Used with permission of Stat Pearls.

 

NURS 6501 Walden University Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Case Study

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NURS 6501 Walden University Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Case Study

Description

Group B

45-year-old woman presents with chief complaint of 3-day duration of shortness of breath, cough with thick green sputum production, and fevers. Patient has history of COPD with chronic cough but states the cough has gotten much worse and is interfering with her sleep. Sputum is thicker and harder for her to expectorate. CXR reveals flattened diaphragm and increased AP diameter. Auscultation demonstrates hyper resonance and coarse rales and rhonchi throughout all lung fields.

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ASSIGNMENT (1- TO 3-PAGE CASE STUDY ANALYSIS) WITH AT LEAST 5 REFERENCES
In your Case Study Analysis related to the scenario provided, explain the following

The cardiovascular and cardiopulmonary pathophysiologic processes that result in the patient presenting these symptoms. NURS 6501 Walden University Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Case Study
Any racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning.
How these processes interact to affect the patient.
Reminder: The College of Nursing requires that all papers submitted include a title page, introduction, summary, and references. The sample paper provided at the Walden Writing Center provides an example of those required elements (available at https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/templates). All papers submitted must use this formatting.

Remember this is an ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY course so you must address the content at the cellular level. This is a requirement in this course. NURS 6501 Walden University Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Case Study

NURS 6501 Walden University Wk 4 Cardiovascular Systems Discussion

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NURS 6501 Walden University Wk 4 Cardiovascular Systems Discussion

Description

I did submitted the pathophysiology assignment, but the professor has not graded, yet she gave me another chance to rewrite it and the turn it in system gave to my paper a 75% of copy and paste as per professor. I need a tutor that can check my paper write it in a way that turn it in system percentage be below 45%. I sent the attach paper for tutor to review it. Please make sure that % is low not copy and paste. NURS 6501 Walden University Wk 4 Cardiovascular Systems Discussion

Week 4 Assignment NURS 6501 Advanced pathophysiology

Module 2: Cardiovascular and Respiratory Disorders

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Week 3 Concepts of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Disorders

The circulatory system and the respiratory system are powerful partners in health. While they work closely together in good health, a disease or disorder that manifests in one can have a significant impact on both, hampering the pair’s ability to collaborate.

Cardiovascular and respiratory disease and disorders are among the most common reasons for hospital visits, and among the leading causes of fatality. Heart disease and pneumonias are among the most familiar, but a wide variety of issues can impact physiological functioning of one or both systems.

This week, you examine fundamental concepts of cardiovascular and respiratory disorders. You explore common diseases and disorders that impact these systems, and you apply the key terms and concepts that help communicate the pathophysiological nature of these issues to patients.

Learning Objectives

Students will:

  • Analyze concepts and principles of pathophysiology across the lifespan

Week 4: Alterations in the Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems

Cardiovascular and respiratory disorders can quickly become dangerous healthcare matters, and they routinely land among the leading causes of hospital admissions. Disorders in these areas are complicated by the fact that these two systems work so closely as contributors to overall health. APRNs working to form a similarly close partnership with patients must demonstrate not only support and compassion, but expertise to guide the understanding of diagnoses and treatment plans. This includes an understanding of patient medical backgrounds, relevant characteristics, and other variables that can be factors in their diagnoses and treatments.

This week, you examine alterations in the cardiovascular and respiratory systems and the resultant disease processes. You also consider patient characteristics, including racial and ethnic variables, and the impact they have on altered physiology.

Learning Objectives

Students will:

  • Analyze processes related to cardiovascular and respiratory disorders
  • Analyze alterations in the cardiovascular and respiratory systems and the resultant disease processes
  • Analyze racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning
  • Evaluate the impact of patient characteristics on disorders and altered physiology

Module 2 Assignment: Case Study Analysis

 

An understanding of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems is a critically important component of disease diagnosis and treatment. This importance is magnified by the fact that these two systems work so closely together. A variety of factors and circumstances that impact the emergence and severity of issues in one system can have a role in the performance of the other.

Effective disease analysis often requires an understanding that goes beyond these systems and their capacity to work together. The impact of patient characteristics, as well as racial and ethnic variables, can also have an important impact.

Photo Credit: yodiyim / Adobe Stock

An understanding of the symptoms of alterations in cardiovascular and respiratory systems is a critical step in diagnosis and treatment of many diseases. For APRNs this understanding can also help educate patients and guide them through their treatment plans.

In this Assignment, you examine a case study and analyze the symptoms presented. You identify the elements that may be factors in the diagnosis, and you explain the implications to patient health.

 

To prepare:

 

By Day 1 of this week, you will be assigned to a specific case study scenario for this Case Study Assignment. Please see the “Course Announcements” section of the classroom for your assignment from your Instructor.

Assignment (1- to 2-page case study analysis)

In your Case Study Analysis related to the scenario provided, explain the following

  • The cardiovascular and cardiopulmonary pathophysiologic processes that result in the patient presenting these symptoms.
  • Any racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning.
  • How these processes interact to affect the patient.

 

Assignment-Module2 week 4

WEEK #4 TOPIC

Posted on: Sunday, March 14, 2021 11:59:00 PM EDT

 

Scenario 1: 76-year-old female patient complains of weight gain, shortness of breath, peripheral edema, and abdominal swelling. She has a history of congestive heart failure and admits to not taking her diuretic, as it makes her “have to get up every couple hours to go to the bathroom.” She now has to sleep on two pillows in order to get enough air.

 

This week, you examine alterations in the cardiovascular and respiratory systems and the resultant disease processes. You also consider patient characteristics, including racial and ethnic variables, and the impact they have on altered physiology.

 

Learning Objectives

 

Assignment (1- to 2-page case study analysis)

In your Case Study Analysis related to the scenario provided, explain the following

 

  • The cardiovascular and cardiopulmonary pathophysiologic processes that result in the patient presenting these symptoms.
  • Any racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning.
  • How these processes interact to affect the patient.

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By Day 7 of Week 4

 

Reminder: The College of Nursing requires that all papers submitted include a title page, introduction, summary, and references. The sample paper provided at the Walden Writing Center provides an example of those required elements (available at https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/templates). All papers submitted must use this formatting.

Learning Resources

Required Readings 

 

McCance, K. L. & Huether, S. E. (2019). Pathophysiology: The biologic basis for disease in adults and children (8th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby/Elsevier.

  • Chapter 32: Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems; Summary Review
  • Chapter 33: Alterations of Cardiovascular Function (stop at Dysrhythmias); Summary Review
  • Chapter 35: Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System; Summary Review
  • Chapter 36: Alterations of Pulmonary Function (stop at Disorders of the chest wall and pleura); (obstructive pulmonary diseases) (stop at Pulmonary artery hypertension); Summary Review

Note: The above chapters were first presented in the Week 3 resources. If you read them previously you are encouraged to review them this week.

Inamdar, A. A. & Inamdar, A. C. (2016). Heart failure: Diagnosis, management, and utilization, 5(7). doi:10.3390/jcm5070062

 

Note: The above article was first presented in the Week 3 resources. If you read it previously you are encouraged to review it this week.

Required Media 

 

Alterations in the Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems – Week 4 (15m)

Accessible player  –Downloads– Download Video w/CC Download Audio Download Transcript

Pneumonia

MedCram. (2015, September 14). Pneumonia explained clearly by MedCram [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nqyPECmkSeo

Note: The approximate length of the media program is 13 minutes.
(Previously reviewed in Week 3)

 

Online Media from Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children

In addition to this week’s media, it is highly recommended that you access and view the resources included with the course text, Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children. Focus on the videos and animations in Chapters 32, 33, 35, and 36 that relate to cardiorespiratory systems and alteration in cardiorespiratory systems. Refer to the Learning Resources in Week 1 for registration instructions. If you have already registered, you may access the resources at https://evolve.elsevier.com/

See Rubric Detail for grading

Name: NURS_6501_Module2_Case Study_Assignment_Rubric

 

  Excellent Fair Poor
Develop a 1- to 2-page case study analysis, examing the patient symptoms presented in the case study. Be sure to address the following:

Explain both the cardiovascular and cardiopulmonary pathophysiologic processes of why the patient presents these symptoms.

 28 (28%) – 30 (30%)

The response accurately and thoroughly describes the patient symptoms.

The response includes accurate, clear, and detailed reasons, with explanation for both the cardiovascular and cardiopulmonary pathophysiologic processes supported by evidence and/or research, as appropriate, to support the explanation.

 23 (23%) – 24 (24%)

The response describes the patient symptoms in a manner that is vague or inaccurate.

The response includes reasons for the cardiovascular and/or cardiopulmonary pathophysiologic processes, with explanations that are vague or based on inappropriate evidence/research.

 0 (0%) – 22 (22%)

The response describes the patient symptoms in a manner that is vague and inaccurate, or the description is missing.

The response does not include reasons for either the cardiovascular or cardiopulmonary pathophysiologic processes, or the explanations are vague or based on inappropriate or no evidence/research.
Explain how the cardiovascular and cardiopulmonary pathophysiologic processes interact to affect the patient. 28 (28%) – 30 (30%)

The response includes an accurate, complete, detailed, and specific explanation of how the cardiovascular and cardiopulmonary pathophysiologic processes interact to affect the patient.

 23 (23%) – 24 (24%)

The response includes a vague or inaccurate explanation of how the cardiovascular and cardiopulmonary pathophysiologic processes interact to affect the patient.

 0 (0%) – 22 (22%)

The response includes a vague or inaccurate explanation of how the cardiovascular and cardiopulmonary pathophysiologic processes interact to affect the patient.
Explain any racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning. 23 (23%) – 25 (25%)

The response includes an accurate, complete, detailed, and specific explanation of racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning supported by evidence and/or research, as appropriate, to support the explanation.

 18 (18%) – 19 (19%)

The response includes a vague or inaccurate explanation of racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning, and/or explanations based on inappropriate evidence/research.

 0 (0%) – 17 (17%)

The response includes a vague or inaccurate explanation of racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning, or the explanations are based on inappropriate or no evidence/research.
Written Expression and Formatting – Paragraph Development and Organization:
Paragraphs make clear points that support well-developed ideas, flow logically, and demonstrate continuity of ideas. Sentences are carefully focused—neither long and rambling nor short and lacking substance. A clear and comprehensive purpose statement and introduction are provided that delineate all required criteria.		 5 (5%) – 5 (5%)

Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity.

A clear and comprehensive purpose statement, introduction, and conclusion are provided that delineate all required criteria.

 3 (3%) – 3 (3%)

Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity 60%–79% of the time.

Purpose, introduction, and conclusion of the assignment are vague or off topic.

 0 (0%) – 2 (2%)

Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity < 60% of the time.

No purpose statement, introduction, or conclusion were provided.
Written Expression and Formatting – English Writing Standards:
Correct grammar, mechanics, and proper punctuation		 5 (5%) – 5 (5%)

Uses correct grammar, spelling, and punctuation with no errors.

 3 (3%) – 3 (3%)

Contains several (3 or 4) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors.

 0 (0%) – 2 (2%)

Contains many (≥ 5) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors that interfere with the reader’s understanding.
Written Expression and Formatting – The paper follows correct APA format for title page, headings, font, spacing, margins, indentations, page numbers, running heads, parenthetical/in-text citations, and reference list. 5 (5%) – 5 (5%)

Uses correct APA format with no errors.

 3 (3%) – 3 (3%)

Contains several (3 or 4) APA format errors.

 0 (0%) – 2 (2%)

Contains many (≥ 5) APA format errors.
Total Points: 100  

Name: NURS_6501_Module2_Case Study_Assignment_Rubric

 

Pathophysiology Assignment #2
Student:
Walden University
Professor:
Date: 03/28/21

 

Outline for Pathophysiology Week 4 Assignment #2
I. Intruduction
II. The cardiovascular and cardiopulmonary pathophysiologic processes that result in the patient presenting these symptoms.
III. Any racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning.
IV. How these processes interact to affect the patient, and implications to patient health.

Scenario 1: 76-year-old female patient complains of weight gain, shortness of breath, peripheral edema, and abdominal swelling. She has a history of congestive heart failure and admits to not taking her diuretic, as it makes her “have to get up every couple hours to go to the bathroom.” She now has to sleep on two pillows in order to get enough air

 

 

 

Intruduction
Heart failure (HF) is a clinical syndrome caused by the inability of the heart to pump sufficient blood to meet the metabolic needs of the body. HF can result from any disorder that reduces ventricular filling (dyastoloic dysfunction) and/or myocardial contractility (systolic dysfunction). It can be inherited or acquired abnormality of cardiac structure. It will develop a constellation of symptoms (dyspnea and fatigue) and signs (edema and rales) that lead to frequent hospitalizations, a por quality of life, and a short life expentancy. In developed countries, coronary artery disease (CAD), and hypertension has become the predominant cause in men and women and responsible for 60-70% of HF.
The cardiovascular and cardiopulmonary pathophysiologic processes
This patient presented with classical signs and symptoms of weight gain, shortness of breath, peripheral edema, and abdominal swelling. She has a history of congestive heart failure and admits to not taking her diuretic, as it makes her “have to get up every couple hours to go to the bathroom.” She now has to sleep on two pillows in order to get enough air. The patient clearly admits that she is not compliant with medications regimen as ordered. This patient is experiencing an acute heart failure exacerbation with fluid overload. The pathophysiology involve in heart failure is very complex. The causes of systolic dysfunction (decreased contractility) are reduction in muscle mass, dilated cardiomyopathies, and ventricular hypertrophy can be caused by pressure overload as in systemic or pulmonary hypertension and aortic or pulmonic valve stenosis, also volume overload for example, valvular regurgitation, shunts, and high-output states. The causes of diastolic dysfunction (restriction of ventricular filling) are increased ventricular stiffness, ventricular htpertrophy, infiltrative myocardial diseases, myocardial diseases, myocardial ischemia and MI, mitral or tricuspid valve stenosis, and pericardial disease. As cardiac function decreases after myocardial injury, the heart relies on the following compensatory mechanisms: (1) tachycardia and increased contractility through sympathetic nervous system activation, (2) increased preload increases stroke volume, (3) vasoconstriction, and (4) ventricular hypertrophy and remodeling. Although these compensatory mechanisms initially maintain cardiac function they are responsible for the symptoms of HF and contribute to disease progression (McCance & Huether, 2019).
The neurohormonal model of HF recognizes that initiating events such as acute MI leads to decreased cardiac output but that the HF state then becomes a systemic disease whose progression is mediated largely by neurohormones and autocrine/paracrine factors. These substances include angiotensin II, norepinephrine, aldosterone, natriuretic peptides, arginines vasopressin and enthelins peptides, proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-a and various interleukins, and endothelins-1 (McCance & Huether, 2019). Therfore, persistent neuro-humoral activation induces maladaptive processes resulting in detrimental ventricular remodelling and organ dysfunction. Based on that, pharmacological therapies that inhibit the sympathetic and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone systems.

Any racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning.
Racial and ethnic differences in the underlying etiology and pathophysiology of heart failure may contribute to differences in outcomes. Heart failure is commonly associated with diabetes and hypertension in black patients, while white patients have higher rates of coronary disease leading to ischemic cardiomyopathy. Similarly, black, Hispanic, and Asian patients had more hypertension, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease compared to white patients. Black patients have a 50% higher incidence of HF that occurs at an earlier age than white patients, and the other ethnic groups with epidemiological studies suggesting 30% to 50% hospitalized with incident HF have HFpEF (Chen et al., 2020).
Epidemiological studies suggest more rapid progression of HF in black patients, and explanations have included higher prevalence of key risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and obesity; possibility of disparate health care; worse socioeconomic status; and potential differences in physiological responses to elevated blood pressure. It is noted that minority patients hospitalized for heart failure may be healthier than whites to explain the discrepancy between lower mortality and higher readmission rates for minority patients (Chen et al., 2020)
How these processes interact to affect the patient, and implications to patient health.
Heart failure affect the patient life style mostly by intolerance of the activities of daily living. The patient presentation may range form asymptomatic to cardiogenic shock, the primary symptoms are dysnea (particularly on exertion) and fatigue, which lead to exercise intolerance. Other pulmonary symptoms include orthopnea ( patient needs to sleep on two pillows in orhter to breath), paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, tachypnea, and cough. Fluid overload can result in pulmonary congestion and peripheral edema. Nonspecific symptoms may include fatigue, nocturia, hemoptysis, abdominal pain, anorexia, nausea, bloated ascites, poor appetite, mental status changes, and weight gain. Physical examination findings may include pulmonary crackles and S3 gallop, and cool extremities, Cheyne-Stockes respirations, tachycardia, narrow –pulse pressure, cardiomegaly, symptoms of pulmonary edema (extreme breathlessness, anxiety, sometimes with coughing and pink frothy sputum), peripheral edema, jugular venous distention, hepatojugular reflux, and hepatomegaly. (Bills, & Rose, 2021).

References
Bills, G. W., & Rose, C. (2021). Principles of pharmacology for respiratory care.
Chen J, Normand SL, Wang Y, Krumholz HM. National and regional trends in heart failure hospitalization and mortality rates for Medicare beneficiaries, 2020. JAMA. 2011;306(15):1669–78. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
McCance, K. L. &amp; Huether, S. E. (2019). Pathophysiology: The biologic
Mosby/Elsevier. basis for disease in adults and children (8th ed.). St. Louis, MO:

 

 

NURS 6501 Walden University Parkinson Disease Case Study

/in /by

NURS 6501 Walden University Parkinson Disease Case Study

Description

Group B

A 67-year-old man presents to the HCP with chief complaint of tremors in his arms. He also has noticed some tremors in his leg as well. The patient is accompanied by his son, who says that his father has become “stiff” and it takes him much longer to perform simple tasks. The son also relates that his father needs help rising from his chair. Physical exam demonstrates tremors in the hands at rest and fingers exhibit “pill rolling” movement. The patient’s face is not mobile and exhibits a mask-like appearance. His gait is uneven, and he shuffles when he walks and his head/neck, hips, and knees are flexed forward. He exhibits jerky or cogwheeling movement. The patient states that he has episodes of extreme sweating and flushing not associated with activity. Laboratory data unremarkable and the HCP has diagnosed the patient with Parkinson’s Disease.

Assignment (1- to 2-page case study analysis) with at least 5 references

In your Case Study Analysis related to the scenario provided, explain the following:

Both the neurological and musculoskeletal pathophysiologic processes that would account for the patient presenting these symptoms. NURS 6501 Walden University Parkinson Disease Case Study

Any racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning.

How these processes interact to affect the patient

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Rubric Detail

 

Select Grid View or List View to change the rubric’s layout.

Name: NURS_6501_Module5_Case Study_Assignment_Rubric

  Excellent Good Fair Poor
Develop a 1- to 2-page case study analysis, examining the patient symptoms presented in the case study. Be sure to address the following:

 

Explain both the neurological and musculoskeletal pathophysiologic processes of why the patient presents these symptoms.

 28 (28%) – 30 (30%)

The response accurately and thoroughly describes the patient symptoms.

 

The response includes accurate, clear, and detailed explanations of both the neurological and musculoskeletal pathophysiologic processes of patients who present these symptoms and is supported by evidence and/or research, as appropriate, to support the explanation. NURS 6501 Walden University Parkinson Disease Case Study

 25 (25%) – 27 (27%)

The response describes the patient symptoms.

 

The response includes accurate, explanations of both the neurological and musculoskeletal pathophysiologic processes of patients who present these symptoms and is supported by evidence and/or research, as appropriate, to support the explanation.

 23 (23%) – 24 (24%)

The response describes the patient symptoms in a manner that is vague or inaccurate.

 

The response includes explanations of both the neurological and musculoskeletal pathophysiologic processes of patients who present these symptoms and is supported by explanations that are vague or based on inappropriate evidence/research.

 0 (0%) – 22 (22%)

The response describes the patient symptoms in a manner that is vague and inaccurate, or the description is missing.

 

The response does not include explanations of both the neurological and musculoskeletal pathophysiologic processes of patients who present these symptoms, or the explanations are vague or based on inappropriate evidence/research.
Explain how the highlighted processes interact to affect the patient. 28 (28%) – 30 (30%)

The response includes an accurate, complete, detailed, and specific explanation of how the highlighted processes interact to affect the patient and is supported by evidence and/or research, as appropriate, to support the explanation.

 25 (25%) – 27 (27%)

The response includes an accurate explanation of how the highlighted processes interact to affect the patient and is supported by evidence and/or research, as appropriate, to support the explanation.

 23 (23%) – 24 (24%)

The response includes a vague or inaccurate explanation of how the highlighted processes interact to affect the patient, with explanations that are based on inappropriate evidence/research.

 0 (0%) – 22 (22%)

The response includes a vague or inaccurate explanation of how the highlighted processes interact to affect the patient, with explanations that are based on inappropriate or missing evidence/research.
Explain any racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning. 23 (23%) – 25 (25%)

The response includes an accurate, complete, detailed, and specific explanation of racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning and is supported by evidence and/or research, as appropriate, to support the explanation.

 20 (20%) – 22 (22%)

The response includes an accurate explanation of racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning and is supported by evidence and/or research, as appropriate, to support the explanation.

 18 (18%) – 19 (19%)

The response includes a vague or inaccurate explanation of racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning, and/or explanations that are based on inappropriate evidence/research.

 0 (0%) – 17 (17%)

The response includes a vague or inaccurate explanation of racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning, or the explanations are based on inappropriate or no evidence/research.
Written Expression and Formatting – Paragraph Development and Organization:

Paragraphs make clear points that support well-developed ideas, flow logically, and demonstrate continuity of ideas. Sentences are carefully focused—neither long and rambling nor short and lacking substance. A clear and comprehensive purpose statement and introduction are provided that delineate all required criteria.

 5 (5%) – 5 (5%)

Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity.

 

A clear and comprehensive purpose statement, introduction, and conclusion are provided that delineate all required criteria.

 4 (4%) – 4 (4%)

Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity 80% of the time.

 

The purpose, introduction, and conclusion of the assignment are stated, yet they are brief and not descriptive.

 3.5 (3.5%) – 3.5 (3.5%)

Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity 60%–79% of the time.

 

The purpose, introduction, and conclusion of the assignment are vague or off topic.

 0 (0%) – 3 (3%)

Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity < 60% of the time.

 

No purpose statement, introduction, or conclusion were provided.
Written Expression and Formatting – English Writing Standards:

Correct grammar, mechanics, and proper punctuation

 5 (5%) – 5 (5%)

Uses correct grammar, spelling, and punctuation with no errors.

 4 (4%) – 4 (4%)

Contains a few (1 or 2) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors.

 3.5 (3.5%) – 3.5 (3.5%)

Contains several (3 or 4) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors.

 0 (0%) – 3 (3%)

Contains many (≥ 5) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors that interfere with the reader’s understanding.
Written Expression and Formatting – The paper follows correct APA format for title page, headings, font, spacing, margins, indentations, page numbers, parenthetical/in-text citations, and reference list. 5 (5%) – 5 (5%)

Uses correct APA format with no errors.

 4 (4%) – 4 (4%)

Contains a few (1 or 2) APA format errors.

 3 (3%) – 3 (3%)

Contains several (3 or 4) APA format errors. NURS 6501 Walden University Parkinson Disease Case Study

 0 (0%) – 3 (3%)

Contains many (≥ 5) APA format errors.

 

Total Points: 100

Name: NURS_6501_Module5_Case Study_Assignment_Rubric

 

NURS 6501 Walden Nervous System and Musculoskeletal Pathophysiology Case Study

/in /by

NURS 6501 Walden Nervous System and Musculoskeletal Pathophysiology Case Study

Description

I did sent attach with the instruction to follow for this case discussion, it is about a patient that had a stroke. I wrote for the tutor to read a paragraph with MY personal CLINCAL INTERPRETATION of what is happening for every question. Tutor need to read it and write the assignment following my information and any other tutor believes is contributory for this task. This is a pathophysiolgy course for MSN Acute APRN. Tutor needs to apply APA style with in citation and references. I send the References list and Rubric Grading chart to check how the professor will score it. NURS 6501 Walden Nervous System and Musculoskeletal Pathophysiology Case Study

Week 8 Assignment NURS-6501 Advanced pathophysiology

Module 5: Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disorders

What’s Happening This Module?

Module 5: Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disorders is a 2-week module, Weeks 7 and 8 of the course. In this module, you will examine fundamental concepts of diseases and disorders that impact neurological and musculoskeletal systems. You will also evaluate the impact of patient characteristics, including racial and ethnic variables, on physiological functioning within these systems.

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Week 8: Concepts of Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disorders – Part 2

As homeowners know all too well, there is a continuous need for maintenance and repair. Some efforts are precautionary in nature, while others are the result of issues that surface over time.

Similarly, musculoskeletal disorders can develop over time. For some disorders, such as osteoporosis, precautionary treatments are a potential option. But much like issues that surface in a home over time, many musculoskeletal issues can be very serious concerns, and they can have a significant impact on patients’ lives.

This week, you continue to examine fundamental concepts of neurological and musculoskeletal disorders. You explore common disorders that impact these systems and you apply the key terms and concepts that help communicate the pathophysiological nature of these issues to patients.

Learning Objectives

Students will:

  • Analyze processes related to neurological and musculoskeletal disorders
  • Identify racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning
  • Evaluate the impact of patient characteristics on disorders and altered physiology
  • Module 5 Assignment: Case Study Analysis

An understanding of the neurological and musculoskeletal systems is a critically important component of disease and disorder diagnosis and treatment. This importance is magnified by the impact that that these two systems can have on each other. A variety of factors and circumstances affecting the emergence and severity of issues in one system can also have a role in the performance of the other.

Effective analysis often requires an understanding that goes beyond these systems and their mutual impact. For example, patient characteristics such as, racial and ethnic variables can play a role. NURS 6501 Walden Nervous System and Musculoskeletal Pathophysiology Case Study

An understanding of the symptoms of alterations in neurological and musculoskeletal systems is a critical step in diagnosis and treatment. For APRNs this understanding can also help educate patients and guide them through their treatment plans.

In this Assignment, you examine a case study and analyze the symptoms presented. You identify the elements that may be factors in the diagnosis, and you explain the implications to patient health.

 

To prepare: TUTOR WILL ANSWER

 

By Day 1 of this week, you will be assigned to a specific case study scenario for this Case Study Assignment. Please see the “Course Announcements” section of the classroom for your assignment from your Instructor.

Assignment (1- to 2-page case study analysis)

In your Case Study Analysis related to the scenario provided, explain the following:

  • Both the neurological and musculoskeletal pathophysiologic processes that would account for the patient presenting these symptoms.(tutor see my note down below)
  • Any racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning.
  • How these processes interact to affect the patient.( tutor see my note down below) NURS 6501 Walden Nervous System and Musculoskeletal Pathophysiology Case Study

Day 7 of Week 8

Submit your Case Study Analysis Assignment by Day 7 of Week 8.

Reminder: The College of Nursing requires that all papers submitted include a title page, introduction, summary, and references. The sample paper provided at the Walden Writing Center provides an example of those required elements (available at https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/templates). All papers submitted must use this formatting.

WEEK #8 TOPIC

Posted on: Wednesday, April 14, 2021 12:00:00 AM EDT

 

Scenario 1: 74-year-old male with a history of hypertension and smoking, is having dinner with his wife when he develops sudden onset of difficulty speaking, with drooling from the left side of his mouth, and weakness in his left hand. His wife asks him if he is all right and the patient denies any difficulty. His symptoms progress over the next 10 minutes until he cannot lift his arm and has trouble standing. The patient continues to deny any problems. The wife sits the man in a chair and calls 911. The EMS squad arrives within 5 minutes. Upon arrival in the ED, patient‘s blood pressure was 178/94, pulse 78 and regular, PaO2 97% on room air. Neuro exam – Cranial nerves- Mild left facial droop. Motor- Right arm and leg extremity with 5/5 strength. Left arm cannot resist gravity, left leg with mild drift. Sensation intact. Neglect- Mild neglect to left side of body. Language- Expressive and receptive language intact.

Mild to moderate dysarthria. Able to protect airway.

 

This is My interpretation of the case scenario for tutor to know. I am giving this information to apply to this assignment make sure do not copy and paste the university has a turn it in system that will give a % of plagiarism. “Assignment has to be less than 45%” it has to be original, please.

 

Cerebrovascular Accidents (CVAs) or  (Strokes Syndromes) there are 2 types 1-hemorrhagic stroke is 10%(fast an more fatal because bleeding in the brain), and 2- Ischemic 87% (Thrombotic or embolic ) Thrombotic occlusion of main cerebral artery due to a blood clot or fat atheroma (plague within the artery)  occlusion of main arteries that carries blood to brain tissue such as  carotid arteries or main cerebral arterial vessels result in a ischemic stroke it is slowly, less fatal more common than hemorrhagic stroke  are the leading cause of disability, the third cause of death in woman, and the fifth leading cause of death in men in the United States. About 75% occurs among those older than 65 years of age. There is a decline in ischemic strokes among white but not in blacks. Racial/ethnic variables The incident of stroke is about 150% greater in blacks than  whites. Strokes tends to run in families. NURS 6501 Walden Nervous System and Musculoskeletal Pathophysiology Case Study

This case scenario  patient is experiencing  a possible hemorrhagic stroke ( high blood pressure 178/94) normal blood pressure is 120/80 mmHg.

Pathophysioplogy;  The lesion most likely is on the Somatic Cortical motor area. Affected  right side  hemisphere of the brain  will cause a  contralateral ( means opposite side of the body) hemiparesis or hemiplegia greater in face and arm than leg. If right  side of brain is affected it will affect the left  side of the body and vice versa.  He is has  left side facial droop, (left side of his mouth drooling), affecting the whole left side weakness of left hand that progresses to inability to lift his arm over 10 minutes, then he is unable to stand up due to left leg weakness ( mild drift). Patient is showing  left  side of the body weakness which is called hemiplegia. Sensory neurons carry impulses from peripheral sensory receptors to the Central Nervous System (CNS). Motor neurons transmit impulses away from CNS to effector organ (example, skeletal muscle or organs) In this case the right middle cerebral artery that perfuse (bring blood) to  Cortical motor area is affected causing interruption of impulses down the motor pathways corticospinal and cortibulbar  pyramidal tracts; and the extrapyramidal reticulospinal, vestibulospinal, and rubrospinal tracts.  In this case scenario the sensation is intact (He feels touch),  but can not move ( motor affected) his left upper extremity, and left leg mild drift (weakness) he can not resist gravity,  this indicate that the motor neurons are affected by interruption in the nerve impulses as I mention above.  Language-Expressive and receptive is intact because the Broca area is located on the left hemisphere in the inferior frontal lobe and it is the most important center for speech and language processing, injury to this area will result in difficulty forming words (expressive aphasia or dysphasia). This patient shows mild dysarthria ( unable to articulate words properly) due interference with deep fibers crossing through the nondominant hemisphere. Patient is breathing ok PaO2 is 97% on room air the lung are fine. This is clinical symptoms is 100% related to the CNS.

Risk factors include the following:

  • Poorly or uncontrolled blood pressure normal BP 120/80 mmHg.
  • Smoking, which increase the risk for stroke by 50 %
  • Insulin resistant and diabetes mellitus
  • Polycythemia and thrombocytopenia
  • High total cholesterol
  • Congestive heart failure and peripheral vascular disease
  • Atrial fibrillation
  • Obesity/ Physical inactivity
  • Family history and genetics
  • Sleep apnea
  • Sickle cell disease
  • Post menopausal hormone therapy
  • High sodium intake > 2300 mg and low potassium < 4700 mg in the diet.
  • Depression

Thank you tutor for reading my clinical interpretation of this case scenario. NURS 6501 Walden Nervous System and Musculoskeletal Pathophysiology Case Study

 

 

 

 

 

Learning Resources

Required Readings 

 

McCance, K. L. & Huether, S. E. (2019). Pathophysiology: The biologic basis for disease in adults and children (8th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby/Elsevier.

  • Chapter 15: Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems (stop at Aging and the nervous system)
  • Chapter 16: Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function (stop at Sleep); Summary Review
  • o   Chapter 17: Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function; pp. 504–511, pp. 516–530 (start at Acute confusional states and delirium) (stop at Alterations in neuromotor functions); (Parkinson’s Disease); Summary Review
  • Chapter 18: Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction (stop at Degenerative disorders of the spine); (start at Cerebrovascular disorders) (stop at Tumors of the central nervous system); Summary Review
  • Chapter 44: Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System (stop at Components of muscle function); Summary Review
  • Chapter 45: Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function (stop at Bone tumors); (start at Disorders of joints); Summary Review

Chin, L. S. (2018). Spinal cord injuries. Retrieved from https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/793582-overview#a4

 

Required Media (click to expand/reduce)

 

Khan Academy. (2019b). Ischemic stroke. Retrieved from ttps://www.khanacademy.org/science/health-and-medicine/circulatory-system-diseases/stroke/v/ischemic-stroke

Note: The approximate length of the media program is 8 minutes.

Osmosis.org. (2019, June 12). Osteoporosis – causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, pathology [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jUQ_tt_zJDo

Note: The approximate length of the media program is 9 minutes.

 

Online Media from Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children

In addition to this week’s media, it is highly recommended that you access and view the resources included with the course text, Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children. Focus on the videos and animations in Chapters 15, 16, 18, and the sections of Chapters 44 and 45 that relate to the neurological and musculoskeletal systems. Refer to the Learning Resources in Week 1 for registration instructions. If you have already registered, you may access the resources at https://evolve.elsevier.com/

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See Rubric Detail for grading

 

NURS_6501_Module5_Case Study_Assignment_Rubric

  Excellent
Develop a 1- to 2-page case study analysis, examining the patient symptoms presented in the case study. Be sure to address the following:

Explain both the neurological and musculoskeletal pathophysiologic processes of why the patient presents these symptoms.

 28 (28%) – 30 (30%)

The response accurately and thoroughly describes the patient symptoms.( tutor see my note)

The response includes accurate, clear, and detailed explanations of both the neurological and musculoskeletal pathophysiologic processes of patients who present these symptoms and is supported by evidence and/or research, as appropriate, to support the explanation.( tutor see my note)
Explain how the highlighted processes interact to affect the patient. 28 (28%) – 30 (30%)

The response includes an accurate, complete, detailed, and specific explanation of how the highlighted processes interact to affect the patient and is supported by evidence and/or research, as appropriate, to support the explanation.( tutor see my note)
Explain any racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning. 23 (23%) – 25 (25%)

The response includes an accurate, complete, detailed, and specific explanation of racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological (tutor see my intrerpretation note)functioning and is supported by evidence and/or research, as appropriate, to support the explanation. NURS 6501 Walden Nervous System and Musculoskeletal Pathophysiology Case Study
Written Expression and Formatting – Paragraph Development and Organization:
Paragraphs make clear points that support well-developed ideas, flow logically, and demonstrate continuity of ideas. Sentences are carefully focused—neither long and rambling nor short and lacking substance. A clear and comprehensive purpose statement and introduction are provided that delineate all required criteria.		 5 (5%) – 5 (5%)

Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity.

A clear and comprehensive purpose statement, introduction, and conclusion are provided that delineate all required criteria.
Written Expression and Formatting – English Writing Standards:
Correct grammar, mechanics, and proper punctuation		 5 (5%) – 5 (5%)

Uses correct grammar, spelling, and punctuation with no errors.
Written Expression and Formatting – The paper follows correct APA format for title page, headings, font, spacing, margins, indentations, page numbers, parenthetical/in-text citations, and reference list. 5 (5%) – 5 (5%)

Uses correct APA format with no errors.
Total Points: 100  

Name: NURS_6501_Module5_Case Study_Assignment_Rubric

 

NURS6501 Purdue Pathophysiology Alterations & Adaptive Strategies of Patients Paper

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NURS6501 Purdue Pathophysiology Alterations & Adaptive Strategies of Patients Paper

Description

As an advanced practice nurse, you will examine patients presenting with a variety of disorders. You must, therefore, understand how the body normally functions so that you can identify when it is reacting to changes. Often, when changes occur in body systems, the body reacts with compensatory mechanisms. These compensatory mechanisms, such as adaptive responses, might be signs and symptoms of alterations or underlying disorders. In the clinical setting, you use these responses, along with other patient factors, to lead you to a diagnosis.

Consider the following scenarios:

Scenario 1:

Jennifer is a 2-year-old female who presents with her mother. Mom is concerned because Jennifer has been “running a temperature” for the last 3 days. Mom says that Jennifer is usually healthy and has no significant medical history. She was in her usual state of good health until 3 days ago when she started to get fussy, would not eat her breakfast, and would not sit still for her favorite television cartoon. Since then she has had a fever off and on, anywhere between 101oF and today’s high of 103.2oF. Mom has been giving her ibuprofen, but when the fever went up to 103.2oF today, she felt that she should come in for evaluation. A physical examination reveals a height and weight appropriate 2-year-old female who appears acutely unwell. Her skin is hot and dry. The tympanic membranes are slightly reddened on the periphery, but otherwise normal in appearance. The throat is erythematous with 4+ tonsils and diffuse exudates. Anterior cervical nodes are readily palpable and clearly tender to touch on the left side. The child indicates that her throat hurts “a lot” and it is painful to swallow. Vital signs reveal a temperature of 102.8oF, a pulse of 128 beats per minute, and a respiratory rate of 24 beats per minute. NURS6501 Purdue Pathophysiology Alterations & Adaptive Strategies of Patients Paper

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Scenario 2:

Jack is a 27-year-old male who presents with redness and irritation of his hands. He reports that he has never had a problem like this before, but about 2 weeks ago he noticed that both his hands seemed to be really red and flaky. He denies any discomfort, stating that sometimes they feel “a little bit hot,” but otherwise they feel fine. He does not understand why they are so red. His wife told him that he might have an allergy and he should get some steroid cream. Jack has no known allergies and no significant medical history except for recurrent ear infections as a child. He denies any traumatic injury or known exposure to irritants. He is a maintenance engineer in a newspaper building and admits that he often works with abrasive solvents and chemicals. Normally he wears protective gloves, but lately they seem to be in short supply so sometimes he does not use them. He has exposed his hands to some of these cleaning fluids, but says that it never hurt and he always washed his hands when he was finished.

Scenario 3:

Martha is a 65-year-old woman who recently retired from her job as an administrative assistant at a local hospital. Her medical history is significant for hypertension, which has been controlled for years with hydrochlorothiazide. She reports that lately she is having a lot of trouble sleeping, she occasionally feels like she has a “racing heartbeat,” and she is losing her appetite. She emphasizes that she is not hungry like she used to be. The only significant change that has occurred lately in her life is that her 87-year-old mother moved into her home a few years ago. Mom had always been healthy, but she fell down a flight of stairs and broke her hip. Her recovery was a difficult one, as she has lost a lot of mobility and independence and needs to rely on her daughter for assistance with activities of daily living. Martha says it is not the retirement she dreamed about, but she is an only child and is happy to care for her mother. Mom wakes up early in the morning, likes to bathe every day, and has always eaten 5 small meals daily. Martha has to put a lot of time into caring for her mother, so it is almost a “blessing” that Martha is sleeping and eating less. She is worried about her own health though and wants to know why, at her age, she suddenly needs less sleep. NURS6501 Purdue Pathophysiology Alterations & Adaptive Strategies of Patients Paper

To Prepare

  • Review the three scenarios, as well as Chapter 6 in the Huether and McCance text.
  • Identify the pathophysiology of the disorders presented in each of the three scenarios, including their associated alterations. Consider the adaptive responses to the alterations.
  • Review the examples of “Mind Maps—Dementia, Endocarditis, and Gastro-oesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)” media in this week’s Learning Resources. Then select one of the disorders you identified from the scenarios. Use the examples in the media as a guide to construct a mind map for the disorder you selected. Consider the epidemiology, pathophysiology, risk factors, clinical presentation, and diagnosis of the disorder, as well as any adaptive responses to alterations. NURS6501 Purdue Pathophysiology Alterations & Adaptive Strategies of Patients Paper
  • Review the Application Assignment Rubric found under Course Information

To Complete

Write a 2- to 3-page paper excluding the title page, reference page and Mind Map that addresses the following:

  • For each of the three scenarios explain the pathophysiology, associated alterations and the patients’ adaptive responses to the alterations caused by the disease processes. You are required to discuss all three scenarios within the paper component of this assignment.
  • Construct one mind map on a selected disorder presented in one of the scenarios. Your Mind Map must include the epidemiology, pathophysiology, risk factors, clinical presentation, and diagnosis of the disorder, as well as any adaptive responses to alterations.

Rubic

Quality of Work Submitted:
The extent of which work meets the assigned criteria and work reflects graduate level critical and analytic thinking.

Quality of Work Submitted:
The purpose of the paper is clear. 

Assimilation and Synthesis of Ideas:
The extend to which the work reflects the student’s ability to:
Understand and interpret the assignment’s key concepts. 

Assimilation and Synthesis of Ideas:
The extend to which the work reflects the student’s ability to:
Apply and integrate material in course resources (i.e. video, required readings, and textbook) and credible outside resources.

Assimilation and Synthesis of Ideas:
The extend to which the work reflects the student’s ability to:
Synthesize (combines various components or different ideas into a new whole) material in course resources (i.e. video, required readings, textbook) and outside, credible resources by comparing different points of view and highlighting similarities, differences, and connections. 

Written Expression and Formatting
Paragraph and Sentence Structure: Paragraphs make clear points that support well developed ideas, flow logically, and demonstrate continuity of ideas. Sentences are clearly structured and carefully focused–neither long and rambling nor short and lacking substance. NURS6501 Purdue Pathophysiology Alterations & Adaptive Strategies of Patients Paper

 

Written Expression and Formatting
English writing standards: Correct grammar, mechanics, and proper punctuation 

Written Expression and Formatting
The paper follows correct APA format for title page, headings, font, spacing, margins, indentations, page numbers, running head, parenthetical/in-text citations, and reference list.  NURS6501 Purdue Pathophysiology Alterations & Adaptive Strategies of Patients Paper

 

Readings 

Huether, S. E., & McCance, K. L. (2017). Understanding pathophysiology (6th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby.

  • Chapter 6, “Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing”
  • Chapter 7, “Adaptive Immunity”
  • Chapter 8, “Infection and Defects in Mechanism of Defense”
  • Chapter 9, “Stress and Disease”
  • Chapter 10, “Biology of Cancer”
  • Chapter 11, “Cancer Epidemiology”
  • Chapter 12, “Cancer in Children and Adolescents” 
  • Chapter 38, “Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System”
  • Chapter 39, “Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function”
  • Chapter 40, “Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children”
  • Chapter 41, “Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument”
  • Chapter 42, “Alterations of Integument in Children”

Hammer, G. D., & McPhee, S. J. (2019). Pathophysiology of disease: An introduction to clinical medicine (8th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education.

  • Chapter 3, “Disorders of the Immune System”
  • Chapter 8, “Diseases of the Skin”
  • Chapter 24, “Inflammatory Rheumatic Disease”

 

 

 

Resources

www.Arthritis.org

 

www.lupus.org

 

 

NURS 6501 Walden University Advanced Pathophysiology Case Study Analysis

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NURS 6501 Walden University Advanced Pathophysiology Case Study Analysis

Description

I did sent attach with all instructions, it is case scenario I wrote  my clinical  interpretation. Follow APA style, in citations, references, see the rubric table for grading details. MSN APRN(RN) Master program.  NURS 6501 Walden University Advanced Pathophysiology Case Study Analysis

Week 10 Assignment NURS-6501 Advanced pathoplhysiology

Week 10: Concepts of Women’s and Men’s Health, Infections, and Hematologic Disorders

Literature, cinema, and other cultural references have long examined differences between women and men. These observations extend well beyond obvious and even inconspicuous traits to include cultural, behavioral, and biological differences that can impact pathophysiological process and, ultimately, health.

Understanding these differences in traits and their impact on pathophysiology can better equip acute care nurses to communicate to patients of both sexes. Furthermore, APRNs who are able to communicate these differences can better guide care to patients, whatever their gender.

This week, you examine fundamental concepts of women’s and men’s health disorders. You also explore common infections and hematologic disorders, and you apply the key terms and concepts that help communicate the pathophysiological nature of these issues to patients.  NURS 6501 Walden University Advanced Pathophysiology Case Study Analysis

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Learning Objectives

 

Students will:

  • Analyze concepts and principles of pathophysiology across the life span
  • Analyze processes related to women’s and men’s health, infections, and hematologic disorders
  • Identify racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning
  • Evaluate the impact of patient characteristics on disorders and altered physiology

 

Module 7 Assignment: Case Study Analysis

An understanding of the factors surrounding women’s and men’s health, infections, and hematologic disorders can be critically important to disease diagnosis and treatment in these areas. This importance is magnified by the fact that some diseases and disorders manifest differently based on the sex of the patient.  NURS 6501 Walden University Advanced Pathophysiology Case Study Analysis

Effective disease analysis often requires an understanding that goes beyond the human systems involved. The impact of patient characteristics, as well as racial and ethnic variables, can also have an important impact..

An understanding of the symptoms of alterations in systems based on these characteristics is a critical step in diagnosis and treatment of many diseases. For APRNs, this understanding can also help educate patients and guide them through their treatment plans.

In this Assignment, you examine a case study and analyze the symptoms presented. You identify the elements that may be factors in the diagnosis, and you explain the implications to patient health.  

To prepare: TUTOR WILL ANSWER

By Day 1 of this week, you will be assigned to a specific case study scenario for this Case Study Assignment. Please see the “Course Announcements” section of the classroom for your assignment from your Instructor.

Assignment (1- to 2-page case study analysis)

In your Case Study Analysis related to the scenario provided, explain the following as it applies to the scenario you were provided (not all may apply to each scenario):

  • The factors that affect fertility (STDs).(google it)
  • Why inflammatory markers rise in STD/PID. (google it, please)
  • Why prostatitis and infection happens. (due descending infecrion to prostate gland) Also explain the causes of systemic reaction.( because immune response to toxin and infection)
  • Why a patient would need a splenectomy after a diagnosis of Idiopathy Thrombocytopenia Purpura (ITP).( because spleen is believe to be the primary place for platelet destruction)
  • Anemia and the different kinds of anemia (i.e., micro and macrocytic). ( microcytic are due to lack of iron or iron deficiency which it essential for hemoglobin synthesis, then macro (BIG) microcytic is secondary to malfunction of the precursor of erythroid formation at the bone marrow level as in pernicious anemia for lack of intrinsic factor (IF) which absorb vitamin B12, also anemia for lack of folate acid essential for RNA, and DNA synthesis for maturing erythrocytes. NURS 6501 Walden University Advanced Pathophysiology Case Study Analysis

Day 7 of Week 10 

TUTOR make sure to have purpose statement for the paper

Reminder: The College of Nursing requires that all papers submitted include a title page, introduction, summary, and references. The sample paper provided at the Walden Writing Center provides an example of those required elements (available at https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/templates). All papers submitted must use this formatting.

      WEEK #10 TOPIC IMPORTANT INSTRUCTIONS FROM PROFESSOR!!!!!!

 

Scenario 1: A 32-year-old female presents to the ED with a chief complaint of fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, and vaginal discharge. She states these symptoms started about 3 days ago, but she thought she had the flu. She has begun to have LLQ pain and notes bilateral lower back pain. She denies dysuria, foul-smelling urine, or frequency. States she is married and has sexual intercourse with her husband. PMH negative.

Labs: CBC-WBC 18, Hgb 16, Hct 44, Plat 325, ­ Neuts & Lymphs, sed rate 46 mm/hr, C-reactive protein 67 mg/L CMP wnl

Vital signs T 103.2 F Pulse 120 Resp 22 and PaO2

99% on room air. Cardio-respiratory exam WNL with the exception of tachycardia but no murmurs, rubs, clicks, or gallops. Abdominal exam + for LLQ pain on deep palpation but no rebound or rigidity. Pelvic exam demonstrates copious foul-smelling green drainage with reddened cervix and + bilateral adenexal tenderness. + chandelier sign. Wet prep in ER + clue cells and gram stain in ER + gram negative diplococci.

 

( My interpretation to help TUTOR this patient is infected with gonorrhea ( Neisseria gonorrhoeae) gram negative diplococcic which is a STD it is one of the most bacteria present in pelvic inflammatory disease PID together with chlamydia.This patient is having symptoms of complicated gonorrhea with peritoneal invasion as fever 103.2 F, WBC are elevated 18, severe tachycardia 120, high sedimentation rate 46, left lower quadrant abdominal pain (LLQ pain) on deep palpation, present of copious foul –smelling green drainage and reddened cervix, patient needs immediate antibiotic therapy such as Ceftriaxone 250 mg IM in a single dose, Doxycycline (chlamydial coverage) 100 mg PO BID X 14 days, metronidazole 500 mg PO BID x 14 days )  NURS 6501 Walden University Advanced Pathophysiology Case Study Analysis

2)    Assignment (1- to 2-page case study analysis)

In your Case Study Analysis related to the scenario provided, explain the following:

 

  • The factors that affect fertility (STDs).
  • Why inflammatory markers rise in STD/PID.
  • Why prostatitis and infection happens. Also explain the causes of systemic reaction.
  • Why a patient would need a splenectomy after a diagnosis of ITP.
  • Anemia and the different kinds of anemia (i.e., micro and macrocytic).
Day 7 of Week 10

 

Reminder: The School of Nursing requires that all papers submitted include a title page, introduction, summary, and references. The sample paper provided at the Walden Writing Center provides an example of those required elements (available at https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/templates). All papers submitted must use this formatting.

Learning Resources

Required Readings 

 

McCance, K. L. & Huether, S. E. (2019). Pathophysiology: The biologic basis for disease in adults and children (8th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby/Elsevier.

  •  Chapter 24: Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems (stop at Tests of reproductive function); Summary Review
  • Chapter 25: Alterations of the Female Reproductive System (stop at Organ prolapse); pp. 787–788 (start at Impaired fertility) (stop at Disorders of the female breast); Summary Review
  •  Chapter 26: Alterations of the Male Reproductive System (stop at Hormone levels); Summary Review
  •  Chapter 27: Sexually Transmitted Infections, including Summary Review
  •   Chapter 28: Structure and Function of the Hematological System (stop at Clinical evaluation of the hematological system); Summary Review. NURS 6501 Walden University Advanced Pathophysiology Case Study Analysis
  • Chapter 29: Alterations of Erythrocytes, Platelets, and Hemostatic Function, including Summary Review
  • Chapter 30: Alterations of Leukocyte and Lymphoid Function, including Summary Review

Low, N. & Broutet N. J. (2017). Sexually transmitted infections – Research priorities for new challenges. PLoS Medicine, (12), e1002481

 

Kessler, C. M. (2019). Immune thrombocytopenic purpura [LK1] (ITP). Retrieved from https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/202158-overview

Nagalia, S. (2019). Pernicious anemia[LK1] . Retrieved from https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/204930-overview#a3

Stauder, R., Valent, P., & Theurl, I. [LK1] (2019). Anemia at older age: Etiologies, clinical implications and management. Blood Journal, 131(5). Retrieved from http://www.bloodjournal.org/content/131/5/505?sso-checked=true

Credit Line: Anemia at older age: Etiologies, clinical implications and management by Stauder, R., Valent, P., & Theurl, I., in Blood Journal, Vol. 131/Issue 5. Copyright 2019 by American Society of Hematology. Reprinted by permission of American Society of Hematology via the Copyright Clearance Center.

Document: NURS 6501 Final Exam Review (PDF document) 

 

Note: Use this document to help you as you review for your Final Exam in Week 11.

 

Required Media  To watch media just copy the link in your computer browser

 

Khan Academy. (2019a). Chronic disease vs iron deficiency anemia[LK1] . Retrieved from https://www.khanacademy.org/science/health-and-medicine/hematologic-system-diseases-2/iron-deficiency-anemia-and-anemia-of-chronic-disease/v/chronic-disease-vs-iron-deficiency-anemia

Note: The approximate length of the media program is 5 minutes.

 

Online Media from Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children

In addition to this week’s media, it is highly recommended that you access and view the resources included with the course text, Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children. Focus on the videos and animations in Chapters 24, 26, 28, and 30 that relate to the reproductive and hematological systems. Refer to the Learning Resources in Week 1 for registration instructions. If you have already registered, you may access the resources at https://evolve.elsevier.com/ NURS 6501 Walden University Advanced Pathophysiology Case Study Analysis

See Rubric Detail for grading

Name: NURS_6501_Module7_Case Study_Assignment_Rubric

  Excellent Fair Poor
Develop a 1- to 2-page case study analysis, make sure to have purpose statement for the paper  examining the patient symptoms presented in the case study. Be sure to address the following as it relates to the case you were assigned (omit section that does not pertain to your case, faculty will give full points for that section):

Explain the factors that affect fertility (STDs)

 23 (23%) – 25 (25%)

The response accurately and thoroughly describes the patient symptoms.

The response includes accurate, clear, and detailed explanations of the processes related to women’s and men’s health, infections, and hematologic disorders and is supported by evidence and/or research, as appropriate, to support the explanation.

 18 (18%) – 19 (19%)

The response describes the patient symptoms in a manner that is vague or inaccurate.

The response includes explanations of the processes related to women’s and men’s health, infections, and hematologic disorders, with explanations that are vague or based on inappropriate evidence/research.

 0 (0%) – 17 (17%)

The response describes the patient symptoms in a manner that is vague and inaccurate, or the description is missing.

The response does not include explanations of the processes related to women’s and men’s health, infections, and hematologic disorders, or the explanations are vague or based on inappropriate evidence/research.
Explain why inflammatory markers rise in STD/PID 18 (18%) – 20 (20%)

The response includes an accurate, complete, detailed, and specific analysis of the concepts and principles of pathophysiology across the life span and is supported by evidence and/or research, as appropriate, to support the explanation.

 14 (14%) – 15 (15%)

The response includes a vague or inaccurate explanation of how the highlighted processes interact to affect the patient, with explanations that are based on inappropriate evidence/research.

 0 (0%) – 13 (13%)

The response includes a vague or inaccurate explanation of how the highlighted processes interact to affect the patient, with explanations that are based on inappropriate or missing evidence/research.
Explain why prostatitis and infection happen. Also explain the causes of systemic reaction. 18 (18%) – 20 (20%)

The response includes an accurate, complete, detailed, and specific explanation of how the highlighted processes interact to affect the patient and is supported by evidence and/or research, as appropriate, to support the explanation.

 14 (14%) – 15 (15%)

The response includes a vague or inaccurate explanation of how the highlighted processes interact to affect the patient, with explanations that are based on inappropriate evidence/research.

 0 (0%) – 13 (13%)

The response includes a vague or inaccurate explanation of how the highlighted processes interact to affect the patient, with explanations that are based on inappropriate or missing evidence/research.
Explain why a patient would need a splenectomy after a diagnosis of ITP. 5 (5%) – 10 (10%)

The response includes an accurate, complete, detailed, and specific explanation of racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning and is supported by evidence and/or research, as appropriate, to support the explanation.

 3 (3%) – 3 (3%)

The response includes a vague or inaccurate explanation of racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning, and/or explanations are based on inappropriate evidence/research.

 0 (0%) – 2 (2%)

The response includes a vague or inaccurate explanation of racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning, or the explanations are based on inappropriate or no evidence/research.
Explain anemia and the different kinds of anemia (i.e., micro and macrocytic). 5 (5%) – 10 (10%)

The response includes an accurate, complete, detailed, and specific explanation of racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning and is supported by evidence and/or research, as appropriate, to support the explanation.

 3 (3%) – 3 (3%)

The response includes a vague or inaccurate explanation of racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning, and/or explanations are based on inappropriate evidence/research.

 0 (0%) – 2 (2%)

The response includes a vague or inaccurate explanation of racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning, or the explanations are based on inappropriate or no evidence/research.
Written Expression and Formatting – Paragraph Development and Organization:

Paragraphs make clear points that support well-developed ideas, flow logically, and demonstrate continuity of ideas. Sentences are carefully focused—neither long and rambling nor short and lacking substance.

A clear and comprehensive purpose statement and introduction are provided that delineate all required criteria.

 5 (5%) – 5 (5%)

Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity.

A clear and comprehensive purpose statement, introduction, and conclusion are provided that delineate all required criteria.

 3 (3%) – 3 (3%)

Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity 60%-79% of the time.

The purpose, introduction, and conclusion of the assignment are vague or off topic.

 0 (0%) – 2 (2%)

Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity < 60% of the time.

No purpose statement, introduction, or conclusion were provided.
Written Expression and Formatting – English Writing Standards:

Correct grammar, mechanics, and proper punctuation

 5 (5%) – 5 (5%)

Uses correct grammar, spelling, and punctuation with no errors.

 3 (3%) – 3 (3%)

Contains several (3 or 4) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors.

 0 (0%) – 2 (2%)

Contains many (≥ 5) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors that interfere with the reader’s understanding.
Written Expression and Formatting – The paper follows correct APA format for title page, headings, font, spacing, margins, indentations, page numbers, running heads, parenthetical/in-text citations, and reference list. 5 (5%) – 5 (5%)

Uses correct APA format with no errors.

 3 (3%) – 3 (3%)

Contains several (3 or 4) APA format errors.

 0 (0%) – 2 (2%)

Contains many (≥ 5) APA format errors.
Total Points: 100  

Name: NURS_6501_Module7_Case Study_Assignment_Rubric

 

NURS 6501Aspen University Alteration in Cellular Discussion Response

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NURS 6501Aspen University Alteration in Cellular Discussion Response

Description

 

At its core, pathology is the study of disease. Diseases occur for many reasons. But some, such as cystic fibrosis and Parkinson’s Disease, occur because of alterations that prevent cells from functioning normally.

Understanding of signals and symptoms of alterations in cellular processes is a critical step in diagnosis and treatment of many diseases. For the Advanced Practice Registered Nurse (APRN), this understanding can also help educate patients and guide them through their treatment plans. NURS 6501Aspen University Alteration in Cellular Discussion Response

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For this Discussion, you examine a case study and explain the disease that is suggested. You examine the symptoms reported and explain the cells that are involved and potential alterations and impacts.

  • By Day 1 of this week, you will be assigned to a specific scenario for this Discussion. Please see the “Course Announcements” section of the classroom for your assignment from your Instructor.

Post an explanation of the disease highlighted in the scenario you were provided. Include the following in your explanation:

  • The role genetics plays in the disease.
  • Why the patient is presenting with the specific symptoms described.
  • The physiologic response to the stimulus presented in the scenario and why you think this response occurred.
  • The cells that are involved in this process.
  • How another characteristic (e.g., gender, genetics) would change your response.

RUBRIC

ain Posting 45 (45%) – 50 (50%)

Answers all parts of the Discussion question(s) with reflective critical analysis and synthesis of knowledge gained from the course readings for the module and current credible sources.

Supported by at least three current, credible sources.

Written clearly and concisely with no grammatical or spelling errors and fully adheres to current APA manual writing rules and style. NURS 6501Aspen University Alteration in Cellular Discussion Response