How can the conclusions of your literature review inform the population towards whom your presentation is directed?

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PowerPoint Presentation

Utilizing the information you compiled for your literature review paper, and the feedback you received from your instructor about the literature review, prepare a 10-15 minute Power Point presentation on your topic, summarizing the key points and conclusions. Be sure to direct this presentation to an audience in the community. For example, if your paper pertained to a topic in developmental psychology, direct your presentation toward parents, or a parenting center. If your topic pertained to substance abuse, direct it toward a community service agency which may use this information for educating teens or parents about preventing drug use, or current clients about treatments and facilities available. Please state in your presentation the specific audience toward whom your presentation is aimed. Include a reference page in APA format, as well as speaker notes and an audio file with your presentation.

Your slides should provide answers to the following questions:

· What was your topic?

· What question did you hope to answer by completing this literature review paper? Explain the practical implications of the conclusions of the literature review and the audience to which they are directed.

· Given the results of your literature review, what is/are the prevailing argument(s)? In other words, which of those is supported by the existing evidence? Be sure to include full coverage of the arguments, including strengths and weaknesses of each of them, supported by your findings from reviewing the relevant articles.

· Did the researchers consider multicultural factors in their studies? If not, what factors may be involved? What multicultural factors should future studies include?

· What ethical issues are related to your topic and/or discussed in the studies you reviewed?

· How do the conclusions of your literature review relate to the various specialization areas in psychology? Tie them to as many as apply from the following areas: biological, cognitive, developmental, social, personality theory, psychopathology, and applied psychology.

· How can the conclusions of your literature review inform the population towards whom your presentation is directed? How can they apply this information to their daily lives? What advice or ‘take home message’ can you provide to your audience based on the research you reviewed?

· What research question could you ask in order to further develop this area of study?

· Why is your research question important and relevant to the current work being done on your topic?

Your presentation should also follow these guidelines:

· It should be approximately 10-15 minutes in length.

· It should be clear, concise, and professional.  Writing should be free of spelling and grammatical errors; it should conform to current APA style (including any in-text citations).

· It should include graphs, tables, figures, or images illustrating your ideas.

· There should be a final slide listing references in current APA style.

· The bulk of the text should be placed in the Notes pages of each slide. Keep the amount of text on the slide, itself, to a minimum.

· You should record an audio file of your oral presentation. You should also type the text of the speech you would give while showing these slides to an audience should be typed into the Notes area.  If you are unable to use the audio feature, the Notes text will suffice.

Personal Statement

The one thing that I have always wanted is to get a PhD is clinical psychology. The PhD will enable me to access opportunities for research as well as knowledge on this field of psychology. Clinical psychology will provide me with the chance to contribute to the field of psychology. I will get the chance to teach others at other levels which will help advancement in this area of psychology as well as teach those at lower levels.

One specific area that I am interested in is achieving diversity in academia especially in psychology. It is important for all people to be represented in this area of education. I will be concentrating mainly in researching eating disorders which are becoming common among several young people in the United States. I want to understand the relationship between these eating disorders and areas in mental psychology such as depression. Prevention of depression and understanding other conditions that go with it has always been an area that I am very passionate about. I also want to be involved in social research that will impact larger populations of people to help deal with several psychological problems that are being witnessed today.

In my years as an undergraduate, I have participated in activities that are meant to familiarize myself with research methods as well as application of psychology in real life. I have worked as a research assistant in the lab as well as a teaching assistant. Skills that I have already learned include reviewing class sessions with students, assisting them with classwork, and grading assignments. I have also volunteered at a local shelter which deals with domestic violence victims as a counselor to get a practical idea of a counselling setting. These experiences have assisted in expanding my knowledge outside the classroom in addition to the high GPA that I have maintained as an undergraduate. I know that this motivation together with dedication will make me successful in clinical psychology.

Introduction

With the current advancement of technology and the need to use the internet platform, more dangers are arising from these activities such as cyber-bullying. With the increment in cyber-bullying to most of the internet users, the issues have developed to become a global public health concern as this significantly impacts teenage development. The teens may be affected psychologically to a point where they end up developing depressive symptoms as well as suicide attempts. The issue caught my attention and I decided to conduct a deeper research regarding the issues, I used several articles which I attained from the internet which would aid me in my research. Cyber-bullying may be committed to anyone, but I decided to focus on the teens because this is a population which tends to spend most of its time on the internet and this makes them prone to the cyber-bullying activity. The adolescents may also be susceptible to school bullying and these may lead to them performing poorly in their education and other related activities. Due to the impact that cyber-bullying has on the psychological development of adolescents; the issue needs to be examined in a more detailed angle.

In using several articles to be able to research on this issue of cyber-bullying and they all provided different information which was quite helpful. Every article that I used had it upside as well as its downside. According to the article written by Asam, A.E., & Samara, M. Cyber-bullying and the law: A review of psychological and legal challenges. Computers in Human Behavior, 65, 127-141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.08.012. This article focuses on promoting safe internet use for children and adolescents. The article describes that cyber-bullying may come in different forms due to the increased use of technology and it may have severe consequences on the victim. Even though education facilities, parents as well as online social networks are encouraged to offer an online environment which is safe and very little is known regarding the online legal avenues which would be used to prevent as well as minimize cyber-bullying. This is the advantageous part of this article because it encourages the society to take time and acquire knowledge regarding the legal actions and policies that may be used to minimize cyber-bullying (Asam, 2016). On the other hand, the downside of this article is that it only encourages individuals to enlighten themselves about the legal policies but does not enlighten the population.

Following the article was written by Barlińska, J., Szuster, A., & Winiewski, M. (2013). Cyber-bullying among adolescent bystanders: the role of the communication medium, a form of violence, and empathy. Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology, 23(1), 37-51. Doi: 10.1002/casp.2137, this article analyzes a study which was conducted to be able to understand how different teens responded as the cyber-bullying bystanders as well as to be able to view different aspects which may influence the teenager’s actions (Barlińska, 2013). The strengths of this article were that it focused on understanding the teenagers and the factors that may contribute to influencing their actions. The weakness of this article is that the study conducted used a form of bullying to be able to understand why bullying activity had a significant impact on the adolescent psychological development.

According to this article by Foody, M., Samara, M. Carlbring, P. (2015). A review of cyber-bullying and suggestions for online psychological therapy. Internet Intervention, 2(3), 235-242.

http://doi.org/10.1016/j.invent.2015.05.002. The article focused on reviewing the cyber-bullying activity and providing suggestions for the right psychological therapy through an online platform. The strengths of this article are that provides the victims of cyber-bullying with online psychological therapy which would suit the victim’s experience. The weakness of this evidence is that it provides the suggestions only but does not enlighten the victim on ways of preventing cyber-bullying (Foody, 2015).

According to this article by Hinduja, S., & Patchin, J.W. (2008). Cyber-bullying: An exploratory analysis of factors related to offending and victimization. Deviant Behavior, 29, 129-156. Doi: 10.1080/01639620701457816. This article describes how cyber-bullying experience may undermine the user’s freedom of using as well as exploring the valuable resources online. Also, it focuses on the outcome of cyber-bullying which may be severe physical as well as functional ramifications (Hinduja, 2008). The weak point of this evidence was that it only focused on the impacts that cyber-bullying may cause to an individual.

Following this article by Hinduja, S., & Patchin, J. W. (2010). Bullying, cyber-bullying, and suicide. Archives of Suicide Research, 14(3), 206-221. doi:10.1080/13811118.2010.494133, it describes, as well as cyber-bullying, contributes to suicide attempts among the adolescent population (Hinduja S.  &., 2010). The article is derived from a research which it uses as its advantage. On the other hand, the weakness of the article is that it tends to focus on a single negative experience which is caused by cyber-bullying.

According to this article by Kowalski, R.M., & Limber, S.P. (2013). Psychological, physical, and academic correlates of cyber-bullying and traditional bullying. Journal of Adolescent Health, 53(1), s13-s20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2012.09.018, the strength of the article is that it describes the correlation of cyber-bullying to academic performance, psychological functioning and physical function of the cyber bullying victim (Kowalski, 2013). The weakness of the article is that I only compare traditional as well as cyber bullying.

All the articles focus on the same topic which is cyber-bullying and the psychological impacts it may cause to its adolescent victims. Every article views the cyber-bullying issues from a different angle which provides me with vast knowledge regarding the problem in focus. The different articles allow me to understand the cyber-bullying issue in a more precise way and allow me to be able to develop a critical research article regarding the issue.

From the articles where I retrieved my evidence, cyber-bullying is an issue of concern mostly among the teenagers and it tends to have a severe impact on the victim’s academic performance, physical as well as psychological functioning. The cyber-bullying is a concern that should be addressed by the government through developing policies which will govern the online resources and usage. Also, the government should focus on enlightening the parents, the educational facility and the society at large on the need to prevent cyber-bullying among the teenagers. If the issue on cyberbullying is not addressed as required more and more cases of cyber-bullying will be reported and make the matters worse the rapid advancement of new technology brings with its new cyberbullying methods which are more severe to the victim. The evidence has taught me that cybersecurity issues should be addressed once they arise to prevent them from becoming uncontrollable. In the case of cyber-bullying if the policies to prevent this unethical activity were developed earlier the issues would not be a world concern because the policies would have developed with time as the technology developed.

Based on the findings the hypothesis that I developed was that cyber-bullying is greatly contributed by the rapid advancement of new technology. Through the findings with the rapid advancement of new technology a greater population of the teenage population is using the internet as their study resources, for social purposes and due to the wide usage of internet more cyber-bullying cases are reported. The government should develop policies which may incriminate the offender of this unethical activity to prevent as well as to minimize cyber-bullying activity. Due to the increase in cyber-bullying to most of the internet users, the issues have developed to become a global public health concern as this significantly impacts the teenage development. The teens may be affected psychologically to a point where they end up developing depressive symptoms as well as suicide attempts. There is no other explanation that can be provided regarding the issue of cyber-bullying because the findings have asserted that the unethical activity has been contributed by the advancement of the new technology.

Having described the finding regarding my topic, I would refine my research topic from the psychological impact of cyber-bullying on adolescents to the negative effects that cyber-bullying poses to the teenage population. By refining the research topic, I would be able to cover a broader research area such as physical impacts rather than focusing on a aspect singularly. Through broadening the research, I would be able to cover almost all the negative aspects of cyber-bullying and the impacts they may cause to the victim.

References

Asam, A. &. (2016). Cyber-bullying and the law: A review of psychological and legal challenges. Computers in Human Behavior.

Barlińska, J. S. (2013). Cyber-bullying among adolescent bystanders: the role of the communication medium, a form of violence, and empathy. Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology.

Foody, M. S. (2015). A review of cyber-bullying and suggestions for online psychological therapy. Internet Intervention.

Hinduja, S. &. (2010). Bullying, cyber-bullying, and suicide. Archives of Suicide Research.

Hinduja, S. &. (2008). Cyber-bullying: An exploratory analysis of factors related to offending and victimization. Deviant Behavior.

Kowalski, R. &. (2013). Psychological, physical, and academic correlates of cyber-bullying and traditional bullying.. Journal of Adolescent Health.

Professor Feedback:

Please write in third person in academic assignments unless the assignment specifically asks for first person. Also avoid personal stories unless an assignment asks for it. This is to help create a more scholarly tone to paper. Everyone was reminded in weekly announcements that this paper was to be written in third person.