To prepare · Review Chapter 3, “The Legal Environment and Diversity Management,” in the course text, Human Resource Management: Functions, Applications, & Skill Development. Examine how Title VII protects classes of employees across all organizations and professions. · Review this week’s media, “Legal Issues,” and the laws that address employment discrimination. · Conduct research to learn more about applicable laws and regulations pertaining to the protected class assigned by your Instructor. · · Select one of the following options: o Option 1: Conduct research via the Walden Library and other scholarly sites (such as the ones listed below) to locate an authentic discrimination case involving the protected class that you were assigned. o o Option 2: Recall an instance of discrimination you have personally experienced or witnessed related to your assigned protected class. Consider the events leading up to and the resolution of this instance. Note: The case/instance that you choose for this Discussion may be from an organization in any field (not just health care) and must have occurred within the last 10 years. · Once you have selected your option and case/instance, reflect upon the following questions: o What legal issues (i.e., Title VII and other applicable laws) were relevant to this case or instance? o What strategies would you propose to prevent a similar situation from occurring in your unit, department, or organization? Websites Cornell University Law School. (n.d.). Legal Information Institute. Retrieved September 21, 2012 from http://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/search/ Search for recent Supreme Court decisions on employment discrimination. Enter your assigned Title VII protected class into the search bar to access court cases by topic. Equal Employment Advisory Council. (2012). Amicus activity. Retrieved from http://www.eeac.org/web/amicus/index.asp Use the categorized hyperlinks to access court cases by issue, area, court, or year.  U.S. Department of Labor. (n.d.). Search results. Retrieved September 21, 2012 from http://webapps.dol.gov/search/?search/Search.aspx To find recent employment discrimination decisions, include in your search terms the type of discrimination or the employment law and the word(s) “decisions” or “case decisions” (e.g., “racial discrimination decisions,” “gender discrimination decisions,” “American Disability Act (ADA) case decisions,” “Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) case decisions,” etc.) https://class.waldenu.edu/bbcswebdav/pid-4223835-dt-announcement-rid-151668583_1/courses/USW1.UF.201850/Bullying-and-Harassment-in-the-Nursing-Workforce.pdf   Below are the protective classes. You can select one yourself and once you have selected your option and case/instance, reflect upon the following questions:

• What legal issues (i.e., Title VII and other applicable laws) were relevant to this case or instance?
• What strategies would you propose to prevent a similar situation from occurring in your unit, department, or organization

The US. federal law protects individuals from discrimination or harassment based on sex, race, age, disability, color, creed, national origin or religion.

• Race – Civil Rights Act of 1964
• Religion – Civil Rights Act of 1964
• National origin – Civil Rights Act of 1964
• Age (40 and over) – Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967
• Sex – Equal Pay Act of 1963 and Civil Rights Act of 1964
  • The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission interprets ‘sex’ to include discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity[2]
• Pregnancy – Pregnancy Discrimination Act
• Citizenship – Immigration Reform and Control Act
• Familial status – Civil Rights Act of 1968 Title VIII: Housing cannot discriminate for having children, with an exception for senior housing
• Disability status – Rehabilitation Act of 1973 and Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990
• Veteran status – Vietnam Era Veterans’ Readjustment Assistance Act of 1974 and Uniformed Services Employment and Reemployment Rights Act
• Genetic information – Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act
• Once you have selected your option and case/instance, reflect upon the following questions:
• What legal issues (i.e., Title VII and other applicable laws) were relevant to this case or instance?
• What strategies would you propose to prevent a similar situation from occurring in your unit, department, or organization

By Day 3 Post a brief summary of the discrimination case/instance you selected and how the events impacted the individual(s) and/or the work environment. Describe the key legal issues involved and explain how Title VII legislation applied. Discuss at least one strategy you would employ in an effort to mitigate this type of discrimination from occurring in your unit, department, or organization. Include the APA reference and a hyperlink to your case example (if applicable).]]>

Unintended Consequences of Health Care Reform The PPACA of 2010 fostered new provisions for health care and the structure of health care delivery. The individual mandate to obtain insurance is one provocative provision. While this provision attempts to increase access to health care, it raises questions on how the existing system could sustain the potentially large influx of newly insured individuals. Another provision calls for new models of health care provider organizations to ensure delivery efficiency and continuity of care. In this week’s media presentation, Dr. Kathleen White discusses the accountable care organization, which comprises a group of providers coordinating care across a variety of institutional settings. Yet becoming an accountable care organization may present a number of challenges. This week’s Discussion builds on Week 1, continuing the examination of those societal and organizational contexts that influence health care reform. The unintended consequences of reform policy on the health care system are also considered. To prepare:

• Review      this week’s media presentation and the other Learning Resources focusing      on how reform may lead to improved quality, greater access, and reduced      cost of care. Also think about the unintended consequences that may arise      as a result.
• Consider      the information presented about the individual mandate and accountable      care organizations. What are some questions or concerns you might have      regarding the individual mandate? What are the pros and cons associated      with becoming an accountable care organization?
• With      posting instructions in mind, select either the individual mandate or      accountable care organizations as the focus of your Discussion this week.

By tomorrow Wednesday 03/07/18 BY 12pm, write a minimum of 550 words in APA format with a minimum of THREE scholarly references from the list of required readings below. Include the level one headers as numbered below: Post a cohesive response that addresses the following: 1) In the first line of your posting, identify the topic you have selected—either the individual mandate or accountable care organizations. With regard to this topic, describe one or more positive results that could be achieved, and one or more unintended consequence(s) that organizations or individuals may experience. 2) Briefly evaluate issues on the topic that may be a consideration for the organization you work in and the nursing profession ( I WORK I A HOSPITAL SETTING). Required Readings Bodenheimer, T., & Grumbach, K. (2016). Understanding health policy: A clinical approach (7th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Medical. Chapter 5, “How Health Care is Organized – I: Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Care” Chapter 6, “How Health Care is Organized – II: Health Delivery Systems” McClellan, M. (2010). Accountable care organizations in the era of health care reform. American Health & Drug Benefits, 3(4), 242–244. The PPACA of 2010 encourages the formation of accountable care organizations (ACOs) to improve the quality and efficiency of health care delivery. An ACO is a group of health care providers who coordinate care for their Medicare patients and share the financial incentives of health care improvement gains. Moore, K. D., & Coddington, D. C. (2010). Accountable care: The journey begins. Health Care Financial Management, 64(8), 57–63. This article provides information on the importance of health care provider organizations taking steps to become accountable care organizations (ACOs) and provides examples of systems that have historically functioned in this capacity. The authors also provide steps for developing and transitioning to an ACO structure. Institute of Medicine. (2010). The future of nursing: Leading change, advancing health. Retrieved from http://www.nationalacademies.org/hmd/Reports/2010/The-Future-of-Nursing-Leading-Change-Advancing-Health.aspx This report discusses how nurses can and should play a fundamental role in meeting the challenges of increased demand for health care brought about by the implementation of the 2010 Affordable Care Act. In addition, it stresses the need for nurses to be partners with other health professionals and assume leadership roles in redesigning health care in the United States. Institute of Medicine. (2010). Report brief: The future of nursing: Leading change, advancing health. Retrieved from http://www.nationalacademies.org/hmd/~/media/Files/Report%20Files/2010/The-Future-of-Nursing/Future%20of%20Nursing%202010%20Recommendations.pdf This report brief highlights the four key recommendations from the Robert Wood Johnson and Institute of Medicine the Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health report. The recommendations focus on nursing practice, education and training, partnerships with other healthcare professionals, and workforce planning and policymaking. HealthCare.gov. (n.d.). Understanding the Affordable Care Act. Retrieved from http://www.hhs.gov/healthcare/rights/index.html This website introduces the Affordable Care Act and presents the timeline for implementation of the various provisions of the Act. HealthCare.gov. (n.d.). Understanding the Affordable Care Act: About the law. Retrieved from http://www.hhs.gov/healthcare/rights/law/index.html Read the full Affordable Care Act law at this website. An overview of the law is also provided along with an outline of how the Affordable Care Act helps reduce health insurance costs. Required Media Laureate Education, Inc. (Executive Producer). (2011). Healthcare policy and advocacy: Reforming health care delivery: Accountable care organizations. Baltimore: Author.   Note: The approximate length of this media piece is 7 minutes. In this media presentation, Dr. Kathleen White explains the structure of accountable care organizations (ACO) and discusses the benefits and challenges of becoming an ACO. Optional Resources APRN Joint Dialogue Group Report. (2008). Consensus model for APRN regulation: Licensure, accreditation, certification & education. Retrieved from http://www.aacn.nche.edu/education-resources/APRNReport.pdf Fisher, E. S., & Shortell, S. M. (2010). Accountable care organizations: Accountable for what, to whom, and how. JAMA: Journal of the American Medical Association, 304(15), 1715–1716. Fisher, E. S., Staiger, D. O., Bynum, J. W., & Gottlieb, D. J. (2007). Creating accountable care organizations: The extended hospital medical staff. JHealth Affairs, 26, w44-w57. doi:10.1377/hlthaff.26.1.w44–57 McClellan, M., McKethan, A. N., Lewis, J. L., Roski, J., & Fisher, E. S. (2010). A national strategy to put accountable care into practice. Health Affairs, 29(5), 982–990. Kaiser Health News. (2011). Accountable care organization proposed regulations: Resources. Kaiser Family Foundation. Retrieved from http://www.kaiserhealthnews.org/Stories/2011/March/31/ACO-Documents-In-The-News.aspx]]>