Evidence-Based Practice and Ethics in Community Health Nursing

Evidence-Based Practice and Ethics in Community Health Nursing

  1. Click and read the Case Study below and post answers.
  2. Answers must:
    • Be 100 words or more
    • APA FORMAT
    • References are cited (if necessary)

Case Study

Chapter 4

Evidence-Based Practice and Ethics in Community Health Nursing

The student nurse starts the day with the community health nurse with a discussion about the implementation of evidence-based practice. The nurse reviews with the student the importance of including appropriate research and evidence-based practice principles each day during the daily visits. The community health nurse emphasizes the importance of looking at one’s own values since the student nurse will encounter various individuals in the community health setting. The community health nurse asks the student nurse to review the key human values that influence a client’s health Evidence-Based Practice and Ethics in Community Health Nursing.

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  1. The community health nurse asks the student nurse to explain what is involved in evidence-based practice. What are the necessary steps in the process of evidence-based practice that the nurse should include in the discussion with the community health nurse?
  2. What does implementation of evidence-based practice enable the community health nurse to do in the community?
  3. Research has what significant impact on community health and nursing practice?
  4. Values and ethical principles strongly influence community health nursing practice and ethical decision-making. What function do values hold in clinical practice in the community health setting?
  5. What three human values influence client health that the community health nurse must consider? Evidence-Based Practice and Ethics in Community Health Nursing.

Successful Implementation of Electronic Health Information Technology

Successful Implementation of Electronic Health Information Technology

Since the inception of the HITECH Act, health organizations have faced increased pressure to update their health information technology (HIT) resources. Many believe that the increased use of electronic health records and the quick and efficient communication afforded by HIT can lead to improved quality of patient care. Yet there are significant costs associated with implementing such systems. What can organizations do to ensure that the correct system is selected and that the system will be appropriate for those required to use it? Who should be involved in those decisions? Successful Implementation of Electronic Health Information Technology

This week introduces the systems development life cycle and discusses how it can guide an organization through the complexities of adopting a new HIT system. In this Discussion, you are asked to consider the role of nurses in the SDLC process.

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To prepare:

  • Think about how an organization, or one with which you are familiar, and the steps the organization goes through when purchasing and implementing a new HIT system.
  • Consider what a nurse could contribute to decisions made at each stage when planning for new health information technology. What might be the consequences of not involving nurses?
  • Reflect on your own experiences with your organization selecting and implementing new technology. As an end user, do you feel you had any input in the selection or and planning of the new HIT system?

Question:

Post  an analysis of the ramifications of an organization not involving nurses in each stage of the systems development life cycle when purchasing and implementing a new HIT system.

Give specific examples of potential issues at each stage and how the inclusion of nurses could help avoid such issues. Successful Implementation of Electronic Health Information Technology

Adoption of New Technology Systems Essay

Adoption of New Technology Systems Essay

As a nurse, you can have a great impact on the success or failure of the adoption of EHRs. It is important for nurses to understand their role as change agents and the ways they can influence others when addressing the challenges of changing to a drastically different way of doing things. Adoption of New Technology Systems Essay

Everett Rogers, a pioneer in the field of the diffusion of innovations, identified five qualities that determine individual attitudes towards adopting new technology (2003). He theorized that individuals are concerned with:

  • Relative advantage: The individual adopting the new innovation must see how it will be an improvement over the old way of doing things.

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  • Compatibility with existing values and practices: The adopter must understand how the new innovation aligns with current practices.
  • Simplicity: The adopter must believe he or she can easily master the new technology; the more difficult learning the new system appears, the greater the resistance that will occur.
  • Trialability: The adopter should have the opportunity to “play around’ with the new technology and explore its capabilities.
  • Observable results: The adopter must have evidence that the proposed innovation has been successful in other situations.

 For this Adoption of New Technology Systems Essay Assignment, you assume the role of a nurse facilitator in a small hospital in upstate New York. You have been part of a team preparing for the implementation of a new electronic health records system. Decisions as to the program that will be used have been finalized, and you are now tasked with preparing the nurses for the new system. There has been an undercurrent of resistance expressed by nurses, and you must respond to their concerns. You have a meeting scheduled with the nurses 1 week prior to the training on the new EHR system. Consider how you can use the five qualities outlined by Rogers (2003) to assist in preparing the nurses for the upcoming implementation. Adoption of New Technology Systems Essay

To prepare

Consider how you would present the new EHR system to the nurses to win their approval.

  • Reflect on the five qualities outlined by Rogers. How would addressing each of those areas improve the likelihood of success?

Question:

Write a 3- to 5-page adoption of new technology systems essay paper which includes the following:

  • Using Rogers’ (2003) theory as a foundation, outline how you would approach the meeting with the nurses. Be specific as to the types of information or activities you could provide to address each area and include how you would respond to resistance.
  • Analyze the role of nurses as change agents in facilitating the adoption of new technology.

Adoption of New Technology Systems Essay

 

Data Gathering And Analysis 2 Essay

Data Gathering And Analysis 2 Essay

  1. Evaluate what baseline data and project-specific data are needed for the project to help outline the issue or gap and support the completion of the project.
  2. Develop the steps you will take to gather the data.
  3. Identify the subject matter experts needed to gather data.

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  4. Formulate a plan for how you will use interprofessional collaborative practice concepts and principles of team dynamics when conducting the data-gathering portion of your project.

  5. Explain why the subject matter experts are crucial to the project success and the role they would serve. Why is mutual respect critical to project success?

Cite a minimum of three scholarly resources. Sources must be published within the past 5 years and appropriate for health care and health informatics content. Data Gathering And Analysis 2 Essay

Qualitative and Quantitative Research Design Summary

Qualitative and Quantitative Research Design Summary

Write a summary of each of the articles identified

Address the following:

  1. Write one research summary that uses a quantitative research design.
  2. Write one research summary that uses a qualitative research design.
  3. Each summary should be 250-500 words and should follow the template provided in “Summarize Research Articles.” Qualitative and Quantitative Research Design Summary
  4. Use APA Level Heading 2 to separate the distinct parts of the study in the Qualitative and Quantitative Research Design Summary.

This is topic two and also after that is the template, please follow closely, please provide references at least 3, APA format

 

Qualitative Research Pneumonia care and the nursing home: a qualitative descriptive study of resident and family member perspectives

The above-mentioned article is a classified as a qualitative research study due to the following qualifying factors;

It gives an insight into the problem being studied through the development of a hypotheses. This is seen in the paper from the background information that clearly introduces the issue of residents in nursing homes being sent to hospitals for treatment on pneumonia issues. Qualitative and Quantitative Research Design Summary

The study helps to uncover trends in thought and opinions by diving deeper into the problem- In the article, several interviews (about 14) were conducted to find out the number of times in that the residents were sent to the hospitals.

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Common methods include focus groups (group discussions), individual interviews- As mentioned earlier on, the study was conducted through individual interviews that were carried out on some of the patients suggested by the nurses. Only those who could remember their visits to the hospitals and what had caused it were selected.

Rationale for choosing the journal(s) in which the articles were published.

The article qualifies as the best selection for the assignment since it one that is detailed in the steps that were taken to carry out the study. The article begins all the way from the abstract section and ends with a concrete conclusion. The article goes as far as providing tables that outline the data that was collected form the study

Quantitative research– A Quantitative Study on the Condom-Use Behaviors of Eighteen- to Twenty-Four-Year-Old Urban African American Males

Qualities that qualify the study as a quantitative study include; Qualitative and Quantitative Research Design Summary

The method generalizes results from a larger sample population. -In this case, about 364 males were chosen to represent the population that was being studied. The results that were gotten from them were then analyzed and used for the analysis.

Quantitative data collection methods are much more structured than Qualitative data collection methods-In the research done on the condom use behaviors, structured methods were used in that there were collection surveys used; they were coded with unique identifiers and that were administered to the enrolled participants. This was done based on appropriate schedules in a secured office space at one selected community centers

To add on to the selection of the sample, the data analyses methods used in the study are complex in nature to ensure that the generalizations that were made were correct.

The above article is suitable for use in this paper because of the intensive work that has been done. A systematic analyses of how the study was conducted has been clearly outline making it reliable.

References

Stephen K, Sherry N, Jeffrey A et al(2007) A Quantitative Study on the Condom-Use Behaviors of Eighteen- to Twenty-Four-Year-Old Urban African American Males retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1950730/ on 28th Sep 2017

Soo C, Mark L. & Lynne L., (2006) Pneumonia care and the nursing home: a qualitative descriptive study of resident and family member perspectives retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1379645/ on 28th Sep 2017

Patten, M. L., & Newhart, M. (2017). Understanding research methods: An overview of the essentials. Taylor & Francis.

These article summaries will form the basis of the Critique of Research Studies Parts 1-3 assignments in Topics 4, 6, and 8.

Summarize Research Articles

Directions: Use the templates below when summarizing your research articles. Include a cover page, and start a new page for each article summary. Use level 1 and 2 headings when composing the summaries to separate distinct parts.

Title of Quantitative Article

(Example of text: This article was authored by Watson and James and published in the Journal of Nursing Research in 2008. This article was selected as an example of a quasi-experimental design. The model summary selected for this paper is found in the Nursing Research: Generating and Assessing Evidence for Nursing Practice textbook. This is a summary of a quasi-experimental study in which though there is a comparison group; subjects were not randomly assigned to groups. The research article being summarized also is an experiment that used a comparison group without randomization.) Qualitative and Quantitative Research Design Summary

Problem Statement

Statement of Purpose

Research Question(s)/Hypothesis

Study Methods

Key Findings

Citation

Title of Qualitative Article

(Example of text: Ramirez (2008) studied adolescent depression and the influence of significant adults on the course of the depression. The model summary utilized is found in the Nursing Research: Generating and Assessing Evidence for Nursing Practice textbook. It was selected because it is an example of a grounded theory study, as is the article selected.)

Problem Statement

Statement of Purpose

Research Question(s)

Method

Key Findings

Citation

Qualitative and Quantitative Research Design Summary

 

Healthcare Industry Overview Paper Example

Healthcare Industry Overview Paper Example

The government is one of the largest purchasers of health care services and because of this, they seek out opportunities to contain costs. Recent health care policy has focused on managing costs while offering quality care and improving access to care. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) Innovation Center develops payment and service delivery models with this in mind.

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Scenario

Mr. Magone, CEO of Healing Hands Hospital, has asked you to join the Future of Healing Hands Task Force Healthcare Industry Overview Paper Example. Your first assignment is to work with the hospital’s Chief Financial Officer (CFO), Ms. Johnson, and provide a summary of how the new CMS initiatives might impact the organization’s revenue structure. More information on the innovation models can be found on the CMS Web site.

  • Describe an Accountable Care Organization (ACO) and the benefits of an ACO. 
  • Describe an episode-based payment initiative and the benefits of this initiative to Healing Hands Hospital.

Reference

Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). (n.d.). Innovation models. https://innovation.cms.gov/initiatives/#views=models Healthcare Industry Overview Paper Example

Different cultures, customs, beliefs, values and attitudes

Different cultures, customs, beliefs, values and attitudes

Part I You are planning to expand your fast-food hamburger franchise internationally and have decided to open in the United Arab Emeritus, Israel, Mexico and China. Knowing that all of these countries and its people have different cultures, customs, beliefs, values and attitudes that are unique to their country and different from that of the United States, consider how this would impact your fast-food business. What are some of the considerations to keep in mind concerning how these different social and religious values and cultures have on food preparation and eating, the social behaviors to be sensitive to regarding employees and customers, the type of trainings that will be required, the work attitudes and behaviors, and any ethical standards that you may need to develop? Are the attitudes in these countries individualistic or collective? Different cultures, customs, beliefs, values and attitudes

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Part II If you were to send your top managers to these countries, what type of cultural shock should they expect? How would you help them alleviate this stress? Provide a few examples from each country.

Part III In many countries, “expeditors” can help you cut through layers of bureaucracy so that you can get your business done or done faster. Expeditors are normally paid for what they do, and they may ask you to help finance other expeditors within these countries that will help move your business request through the system faster. The methods that are being used could ultimately be unethical, illegal, or maybe not at all. How would you go about making sure the practice of an expeditor is legal? Would you approve a paid transaction requested by an expeditor if it was acceptable in the country, but unethical back in the United States? (defend your position) What business ethics are involved in your decision making process? What factors should you consider and who should you consult with and why? Different cultures, customs, beliefs, values and attitudes

EBP Influence on Quality Improvement Essay

EBP Influence on Quality Improvement Essay

Research And Evidence Week 4

How is evidence-based practice (EBP) used in nursing and how does the EBP influence Quality Improvement?

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  • Must address the topic.
  • Rationale must be provided.
  • May list examples from your own nursing practice.
  • 150-word minimum/250-word maximum without the references.
  • Minimum of two references (the course textbook must be one of the references) in APA format, must have been published within last 3-5 years.EBP Influence on Quality Improvement Essay

Psychotherapy for Addictive Disorders Essay Assignment

Psychotherapy for Addictive Disorders Essay Assignment

Psychotherapy for Addictive Disorders Essay Assignment

“A long-standing debate has roiled over whether addicts have a choice over their behaviors. The disease creates distortions in thinking, feelings, and perceptions, which drive people to behave in ways that are not understandable to others around them. Simply put, addiction is not a choice. Addictive behaviors are a manifestation of the disease, not a cause.” Psychotherapy for Addictive Disorders Essay Assignment

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–Dr. Raju Hajela, former president of the Canadian Society of Addiction Medicine

A common misconception is that addiction is a choice, and addicts are often labeled as individuals who lack morals, willpower, or responsibility. However, addiction is a clinical disorder that must be treated with the support of a health care professional. Although many people who are exposed to potentially addictive substances and behaviors continue life unaltered by their experiences, some people are fueled by these experiences and spiral out of control. In your role as the psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner, you must be prepared to not only work with these individuals who struggle with addiction, but also help them and their families overcome the social stigmas associated with addictive behavior.

This week, as you explore psychotherapy for addiction, you assess clients presenting with addictive disorders. You also examine therapies for treating these clients and consider potential outcomes. Finally, you develop diagnoses for clients receiving psychotherapy and consider legal and ethical implications of counseling these clients.

Learning Resources

Required Readings

Wheeler, K. (Ed.). (2014). Psychotherapy for the advanced practice psychiatric nurse: A how-to guide for evidence-based practice (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Springer Publishing Company.

  • Chapter 7, “Motivational Interviewing” (pp. 299–312)
  • Chapter 16, “Psychotherapeutic Approaches for Addictions and Related Disorders” (pp. 565–596)

American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.

 

Note: You will access this text from the Walden Library databases.

Albrecht, U., Kirschner, N. E., & Grusser, S. M. (2007). Diagnostic instruments for behavioral addiction: An overview. German Medical Science Psycho-Social-Medicine, 4, 1–11. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2736529/

Fisher, M. A. (2016). The ethical ABCs of conditional confidentiality. In Confidentiality limits in psychotherapy: Ethics checklists for mental health professionals (pp. 13–25). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. doi:10.1037/14860-002

Walden University. (2016). ASC success strategies: Studying for and taking a test. Retrieved from http://academicguides.waldenu.edu/ASCsuccess/ASCtesting

 

Required Media

Laureate Education (Producer). (2013c). Levy family: Episodes 1 [Video file]. Baltimore, MD: Author.

 

Note: The approximate length of this media piece is 2 minutes.Laureate Education (Producer). (2013c). Levy family: Episodes 2 [Video file]. Baltimore, MD: Author.

 

Note: The approximate length of this media piece is 2 minutes.

Laureate Education (Producer). (2013c). Levy family: Episodes 3 [Video file]. Baltimore, MD: Author. Psychotherapy for Addictive Disorders Essay Assignment

 

Note: The approximate length of this media piece is 6 minutes.

 

Laureate Education (Producer). (2013c). Levy family: Episodes 4 [Video file]. Baltimore, MD: Author.

 

Note: The approximate length of this media piece is 5 minutes.

Laureate Education (Producer). (2013c). Levy family: Episodes 5 [Video file]. Baltimore, MD: Author.

 

Note: The approximate length of this media piece is 2 minutes.

 

Laureate Education (Producer). (2012c). In their own words [Video file]. Baltimore, MD: Author.

 

Note: The approximate length of this media piece is 23 minutes.

 

Dronen, S. O. (2012). New research about Facebook addiction. Retrieved from http://www.uib.no/en/news/36380/new-research-about-facebook-addiction

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. (2005). Substance abuse treatment for adults in the criminal justice system. Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 44. Rockville, MD: Author. Retrieved from http://store.samhsa.gov/shin/content//SMA13-4056/SMA13-4056.pdf

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. (2007). Problem gambling toolkit. Retrieved from http://store.samhsa.gov/product/Problem-Gambling-Toolkit/PGKIT-07

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. (2013). Substance abuse treatment for persons with co-occurring disorders: A treatment improvement protocol. Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 42. Rockville, MD: Author. Retrieved from http://store.samhsa.gov/shin/content//SMA13-3992/SMA13-3992.pdf

Psychotherapy for Addictive Disorders Essay Assignment

 

Levy family – Assessing Clients With Addictive Disorders

Levy family – Assessing Clients With Addictive Disorders

To prepare:

  • Review this week’s Learning Resources and consider the insights they provide.
  • Review the Levy Family video Episodes 1 through 5.

The Levy family – Assessing Clients With Addictive Disorders  Assignment

In a 2- to 3-page paper, address the following:

  • After watching Episode 1, describe:
    • What is Mr. Levy’s perception of the problem?
    • What is Mrs. Levy’s perception of the problem?
    • What can be some of the implications of the problem on the family as a whole?
  • After watching Episode 2, describe:
    • What did you think of Mr. Levy’s social worker’s ideas?Levy family – Assessing Clients With Addictive Disorders
    • What were your thoughts of her supervisor’s questions about her suggested therapies and his advice to Mr. Levy’s supervisor?
  • After watching Episode 3, discuss the following:
    • What were your thoughts about the way Mr. Levy’s therapist responded to what Mr. Levy had to say?
    • What were your impressions of how the therapist worked with Mr. Levy? What did you think about the therapy session as a whole?
    • Informed by your knowledge of pathophysiology, explain the physiology of deep breathing (a common technique that we use in helping clients to manage anxiety). Explain how changing breathing mechanics can alter blood chemistry.

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    • Describe the therapeutic approach his therapist selected. Would you use exposure therapy with Mr. Levy? Why or why not? What evidence exists to support the use of exposure therapy (or the therapeutic approach you would consider if you disagree with exposure therapy)?
  • In Episode 4, Mr. Levy tells a very difficult story about Kurt, his platoon officer.
    • Discuss how you would have responded to this revelation.
    • Describe how this information would inform your therapeutic approach. What would you say/do next?
  • In Episode 5, Mr. Levy’s therapist is having issues with his story.
    • Imagine that you were providing supervision to this therapist, how would you respond to her concerns?
  • Support your approach with evidence-based literature.

 

Transcript of video Levy Family:

Episode 1

Program Transcript

[MUSIC PLAYING]

FEMALE SPEAKER: You‘re not dressed? You‘re going to be late for work.

MALE SPEAKER: I‘m not going to work. I‘m sick.

FEMALE SPEAKER: Of courseyou‘re sick. You‘re hungover. Idon’t want the

boys to see you like this. Go back to bed.

MALE SPEAKER: See me like what? I told you, I’m sick.

FEMALE SPEAKER: Well, what do you call it when someone is sick almost

every morning, because they drink every night while they sit in the dark watching

TV?

MALE SPEAKER: You calling me a drunk?

FEMALE SPEAKER: What do you call it?

MALE SPEAKER: I call it, leave me the hell alone.

FEMALE SPEAKER: Baby, you need to stop this. It’s tearing us up. The drinking,

the anger– you’re depressed.

MALE SPEAKER: You said, for better or worse.

FEMALE SPEAKER: My vows don’t cover this. You were never like this before.

You’ve changed. I want us back, the way we used to be.

MALE SPEAKER: That way is dead. It died when I went to Iraq

 

 

Levy Family: Episode 2

Program Transcript

FEMALE SPEAKER: I want to thank you for getting me this Levy case. I think it’s

so interesting. Just can’t wait to meet with the client.

MALE SPEAKER: What do you find interesting about it?

FEMALE SPEAKER: Well, he’s just 31. Usually the vets I work with are older. If

they have PTSD, it’s from traumas a long time ago. But Jake, this is all pretty

new to him. He just left Iraq a year ago.

You know, Iwas thinkinghe’d be perfect for one of those newer treatment

options, art therapy, meditation, yoga, something like that. Levy family – Assessing Clients With Addictive Disorders

MALE SPEAKER: Why?

FEMALE SPEAKER: Well, I’ve been dying to try one of them. I’ve read a lot of

good things. Why? What are you thinking?

MALE SPEAKER: I’m thinkingyou should really think about it some more. Think

about your priorities. It’s a good idea to be open-minded about treatment options,

but the needs of the client have to come first, not just some treatment that you or

I might be interested in.

FEMALE SPEAKER: I mean, Iwasn’t saying it like that. I always think of my

clients first.

MALE SPEAKER: OK. But you mentioned meditation, yoga, art therapy. Have

youseen any research or data that measures how effective they are in

treatment?

FEMALE SPEAKER: No.

MALE SPEAKER: Neither have I. There may be good research out there, and

maybe one or two of the treatments that you mentioned might be really good

ideas. I just want to point out that you should meet your client first, meet Jake

before you make any decisions about how to address his issues. Make sense?

FEMALE SPEAKER: Yeah.

Levy Family: Episode 2

Additional Content Attribution

© 2016 Laureate Education, Inc.

 

Levy Family: Episode 3

Program Transcript

JAKE LEVY: We’d be out on recon in our Humvees, and it would get so hot. We

used to put our water bottles in wet socks and hang them right outside the

window just so the water would cool off of a bit, and maybe then you could drink

it.

Man, it was cramped in there. You’dbe drenched, nowhere to breathe. It’s like

riding around in an oven. And you’d have your helmet on you, 100 pounds of

gear and ammo. I swear, sometimes I feel like it’s still on me, like it’s all still

strapped on me.

FEMALE SPEAKER: How many tours did you do in Iraq?

JAKE LEVY: Three. After that last recon, I just– There were 26 of us. Five

marines in the Humvee I was in. I remember I was wearing my night vision

goggles. We passed through a village and everything was green, like I was in a

dream or under water.

And then there was a flash, bright light just blinded me. There was this explosion.

Ican’t– Ican’t–

FEMALE SPEAKER: It’s OK, Jake. Take it easy. I understand this is difficult.

There’s something I;d like to try with you. It’s called exposure therapy, and it’s a

treatment that’s used a lot with war veterans, especially those struggling with

anxiety and PTSD.

JAKE LEVY: Exposure therapy?

FEMALE SPEAKER: Yes. It’s to help someone like yourself to confront your

feelings and anxieties about a traumatic situation that you’ve experienced. It’s a–

It’s meant to help you get more control of your thoughts, to make sense of what’s

happened, and to not be so afraid of your memories.

JAKE LEVY: Put that in a bottle and I’ll buy 10 cases of it.

FEMALE SPEAKER: Well, one part of it is learning to control your breathing. And

whenyou practice that, you can learn to manage your anxiety, to get more

control of it, not let it control you, to protect yourself. Do you want to try it?

JAKE LEVY: Right now? Levy family – Assessing Clients With Addictive Disorders

FEMALE SPEAKER: Sure.

JAKE LEVY: Why not?

 

Levy Family: Episode 3

FEMALE SPEAKER: OK. Well, I know this sounds crazy, but a lot of people don’t

breathe properly. And it really comes from bad habits. When they inhale and

exhale, all the effort is here in their chest and shoulders. And the problem with

that is you get a really short, shallow breath. And that really increases the stress

and anxiety in your body.

Instead, a more natural breath should always involve your diaphragm, right here

in your abdomen. When you breath in, your belly should expand. And when you

breath out, your belly should fall. OKJAKE LEVY: OK.

FEMALE SPEAKER: So, let’s practice. Close your eyes. Now, I want you put one

hand on your abdomen and the other across your chest. Good. Good. Now, I just

want you to take a few breaths, just like normal. What are you feeling?

JAKE LEVY: I feel my chest moving up and down. But my belly, nothing.

FEMALE SPEAKER: OK. So that’s what I was just talking about. That’s OK. Let’s

try this. I want you take a breath. And this time, I only want you to allow your

abdomen to expend when you breathe in and to fall when you breathe out.

OK, let’s try it. Breathe in. Breathe out. Breathe in. Breathe out.

You feeling better? More relaxed? Levy family – Assessing Clients With Addictive Disorders