REPORT ON PATHO

Consider the following scenarios:

Scenario 1:
Jennifer is a 2-year-old female who presents with her mother. Mom is concerned because Jennifer has been “running a temperature” for the last 3 days.  Mom says that Jennifer is usually healthy and has no significant medical history. She was in her usual state of good health until 3 days ago when she started to get fussy, would not eat her breakfast, and would not sit still for her favorite television cartoon. Since then she has had a fever off and on, anywhere between 101oF and today’s high of 103.2oF. Mom has been giving her ibuprofen, but when the fever went up to 103.2oF today, she felt that she should come in for evaluation. A physical examination reveals a height and weight appropriate 2-year-old female who appears acutely unwell.  Her skin is hot and dry. The tympanic membranes are slightly reddened on the periphery, but otherwise normal in appearance. The throat is erythematous with 4+ tonsils and diffuse exudates. Anterior cervical nodes are readily palpable and clearly tender to touch on the left side. The child indicates that her throat hurts “a lot” and it is painful to swallow. Vital signs reveal a temperature of 102.8oF, a pulse of 128 beats per minute, and a respiratory rate of 24 beats per minute REPORT ON PATHO.

Scenario 2:
Jack is a 27-year-old male who presents with redness and irritation of his hands. He reports that he has never had a problem like this before, but about 2 weeks ago he noticed that both his hands seemed to be really red and flaky. He denies any discomfort, stating that sometimes they feel “a little bit hot,” but otherwise they feel fine. He does not understand why they are so red. His wife told him that he might have an allergy and he should get some steroid cream. Jack has no known allergies and no significant medical history except for recurrent ear infections as a child. He denies any traumatic injury or known exposure to irritants. He is a maintenance engineer in a newspaper building and admits that he often works with abrasive solvents and chemicals. Normally he wears protective gloves, but lately they seem to be in short supply so sometimes he does not use them. He has exposed his hands to some of these cleaning fluids, but says that it never hurt and he always washed his hands when he was finished REPORT ON PATHO.

ORDER A FREE-PLAGIARISM PAPER HERE

Scenario 3:
Martha is a 65-year-old woman who recently retired from her job as an administrative assistant at a local hospital. Her medical history is significant for hypertension, which has been controlled for years with hydrochlorothiazide. She reports that lately she is having a lot of trouble sleeping, she occasionally feels like she has a “racing heartbeat,” and she is losing her appetite. She emphasizes that she is not hungry like she used to be. The only significant change that has occurred lately in her life is that her 87-year-old mother moved into her home a few years ago. Mom had always been healthy, but she fell down a flight of stairs and broke her hip. Her recovery was a difficult one, as she has lost a lot of mobility and independence and needs to rely on her daughter for assistance with activities of daily living. Martha says it is not the retirement she dreamed about, but she is an only child and is happy to care for her mother. Mom wakes up early in the morning, likes to bathe every day, and has always eaten 5 small meals daily. Martha has to put a lot of time into caring for her mother, so it is almost a “blessing” that Martha is sleeping and eating less. She is worried about her own health though and wants to know why, at her age, she suddenly needs less sleep.

To prepare:

• Review the three scenarios, as well as Chapter 6 in the Huether and McCance text.
• Identify the pathophysiology of the disorders presented in the scenarios, including their associated alterations. Consider the adaptive responses to the alterations.
• Review the “Mind Maps—Dementia, Endocarditis, and Gastro-oesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)” media in this week’s Learning Resources. Then select one of the disorders you identified from the scenarios. Use the examples in the media as a guide to construct a mind map for the disorder you selected. Consider the epidemiology, pathophysiology, risk factors, clinical presentation, and diagnosis of the disorder, as well as any adaptive responses to alterations REPORT ON PATHO.

To complete:

Write a 2- to 3-page paper that addresses the following:

• Explain the pathophysiology of the disorders depicted in the scenarios, including their associated alterations. Be sure to describe the patients’ adaptive responses to the alterations.
• Construct a mind map of your selected disorder. Include the epidemiology, pathophysiology, risk factors, clinical presentation, and diagnosis of the disorder, as well as any adaptive responses to alterations REPORT ON PATHO.

REPORT ON HYPERTENSION
In clinical settings, advanced practice nurses frequently use various strategies to treat and manage patients with hypertension and other cardiovascular disorders. These strategies often include pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic therapies, natural remedies, and/or changes in patient behavior. For hypertension patients, behavioral changes including increased exercise, healthier diet, and smoking cessation have proven to be particularly beneficial. However, it is important to recognize that treatment and management plans centered around changes in behavior often require greater patient commitment. This creates the need for patient-provider collaboration, as well as appropriate patient education. When patients are actively involved in their own care and better understand implications of their disorders, they are more likely to adhere to treatment plans REPORT ON HYPERTENSION.

ORDER A FREE-PLAGIARISM PAPER HERE

To prepare:

•Review Part 11 of the Buttaro et al. text and the National Heart Lung Blood Institute article in this week’s Learning Resources.

•Reflect on your Practicum Experiences and observations. Select a case from these experiences that involves a patient who presented with a hypertension problem. When referring to your patient, make sure to use a pseudonym or other false form of identification. This is to ensure the privacy and protection of the patient.

•Think about the patient’s history including drug treatments and behavioral factors such as diet, exercise, smoking, etc.

•Review the National Heart Lung Blood Institute article in the Learning Resources. Reflect on health promotion strategies for the patient. Consider ways to reinforce hypertension management.

Post  1 to 2 pages on : Choose your own patient and a description of a patient who presented with a hypertension problem during your Practice as a nurse practitioner  Experience. Explain the patient’s history including drug treatments and behavioral factors. Then, suggest two health promotion strategies for the patient. Include suggestions for reinforcing hypertension management.

REFERENCE/RESOUECES

Buttaro, T. M., Trybulski, J., Polgar Bailey, P., & Sandberg-Cook, J. (2013). Primary care: A collaborative practice (4th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby.

 ◦Part 11, “Evaluation and Management of Cardiovascular Disorders” (pp. 487–611)

Seidel, H. M., Ball, J. W., Dains, J. E., Flynn, J. A., Solomon, B. S., & Stewart, R. W. (2011). Mosby’s guide to physical examination (7th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby.

 ◦Chapter 26, “Recording Information

National Heart Lung and Blood Institute. (2002). Primary prevention of hypertension: Clinical and public health advisory from the National High Blood Pressure Education Program. Retrieved from http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/files/docs/resources/heart/pphbp.pdf

American Heart Association. (n.d.). Retrieved November 28, 2012, from http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG REPORT ON HYPERTENSION. 

REPORT ON DIABETES

According to the American Diabetes Association (2011), 25.8 million children and adults have been diagnosed with diabetes in the United States. Approximately 2 million more are diagnosed every year, with another 79 million people considered to be in a pre-diabetes state. These millions of people are at risk of several alterations, including heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, neuropathy, and blindness. Since diabetes has a major impact on the health of millions of people around the world, it is essential for nurses to understand the pathophysiology and associated alterations of this disorder. In this Discussion, you compare two types of diabetes—diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus REPORT ON DIABETES.

ORDER A FREE-PLAGIARISM PAPER HERE

To prepare for this Discussion:

• Review Chapter 18 in the Huether and McCance text and Chapter 18 in the McPhee and Hammer text. Identify the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus. Consider the similarities and differences between resulting alterations of hormonal regulation.
• Select two of the following patient factors: genetics, gender, ethnicity, age, or behavior. Think about how the factors you selected might impact the diagnosis and prescription of treatment for these two types of diabetes.

Post on or before Day 3 an explanation of the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus. Describe the differences and similarities between resulting alterations of hormonal regulation. Then explain how the factors you selected might impact the diagnosis and prescription of treatment for these two types of diabetes REPORT ON DIABETES. 

The Impact Of Vitamins D On Primary Osteoporosis On Woman

The paper should

1.    Give an overview over questions currently investigated regarding the nutrient of choice, with detailed description of areas where the disease process is affected,

2.    Explain research results described in the literature and the methods used to obtain those results,

3.    List open questions that need to be addressed by research,

4.    Suggest a protocol to examine one of the open questions (see below),

5.    List all references, including at least 5 articles of original research on the topic,

6.    Be presented with visual support on no more than 15 power point slides, made available on the discussion board in the appropriate forum The Impact Of Vitamins D On Primary Osteoporosis On Woman,

ORDER A FREE-PLAGIARISM PAPER HERE

7.    Be handed in electronically as .pdf or Word document, typed with cover sheet on or before the due date. Articles that are not freely accessible must be handed in as .pdf files accompanying the main document

8.    For the protocol suggestion,

9.    Use the format of a research article (read one for an example):

10.The literature research will provide the background,

11.Suggest a null hypothesis and a working hypothesis,

12.Include 3 specific aims you want to achieve with the study, (i.e. questions that have a yes/no answer, and the answer will be provided by the tests you suggest. This part is very similar to the results part of a research article)

13.Suggest a design (statistical details not required), including, but not limited to, population, subdivision into groups, assays, and the data to be collected, to disprove the null hypothesis

14.For intervention studies, the intervention must be included,

Explain how to analyze results to achieve your aims The Impact Of Vitamins D On Primary Osteoporosis On Woman. 

Chronic Back Pain

Patients frequently present with complaints of pain such as chronic back pain. They often seek medical care with the intent of receiving drugs to manage the pain. Typically, for this type of pain, narcotic drugs are often prescribed. This can pose challenges for you as the advanced practice nurse prescribing the drugs. While there is a process for evaluating back pain, it can be difficult to assess the intensity of a patient’s pain because pain is a subjective experience. Only the person experiencing the pain truly knows whether there is a need for drug treatments. This makes it important for you, as the prescriber, to watch for red flags and warning signs of abuse. In this Discussion, you explore the ethical implications of prescribing narcotics to patients with chronic back pain Chronic Back Pain.

ORDER A FREE-PLAGIARISM PAPER HERE

To prepare:

•Review this week’s media presentation on evaluating back pain, as well as Chapter 15 of the Buttaro et al. text in the Learning Resources. Reflect on the evaluation process for a patient with a history of back pain.

•Consider how you might evaluate a patient that presents with back pain. Think about potential red flags and warning signs of drug abuse.

•Reflect on the ethical implications of prescribing narcotics for chronic back pain.

•Think about what you would prescribe and why.

Post  1 to 2 page  paper on:  A  description of how you might evaluate a patient who presents with back pain. Then, describe potential red flags and warning signs of drug abuse. Explain the ethical implications of prescribing narcotics for chronic back pain. Finally, explain what you would prescribe for patients and why.

References

Readings

•Buttaro, T. M., Trybulski, J., Polgar Bailey, P., & Sandberg-Cook, J. (2013). Primary care: A collaborative practice (4th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby.

◦Part 2, “Primary Care: Adolescence Through Adulthood”

 ◾Chapter 15, “Chronic Pain” (pp. 96–101)

◦Part 15, “Evaluation and Management of Musculoskeletal and Arthritic Disorders” (pp. 887–983) Chronic Back Pain