ETHICAL AND LEGAL IMPLICATION OF PRESCRIBING DRUGS

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What type of drug should you prescribe based on your patient’s diagnosis? How much of the drug should the patient receive? How often should the drug be administered? When should the drug not be prescribed? Are there individual patient factors that could create complications when taking the drug? Should you be prescribing drugs to this patient?

These are some of the questions you might consider when selecting a treatment plan for a patient. As an advanced practice nurse prescribing drugs, you are held accountable for people’s lives on a daily basis. Patients and their families will often place trust in you because of your position.

With this trust comes power and responsibility, as well as an ethical and legal obligation to “do no harm.” It is important that you are aware of current professional, legal, and ethical standards for advanced practice nurses with prescriptive authority. In this Discussion, you explore ethical and legal implications of scenarios and consider how to appropriately respond ETHICAL AND LEGAL IMPLICATION OF PRESCRIBING DRUGS.

Scenario 1:

As a nurse practitioner, you prescribe medications for your patients. You make an error when prescribing medication to a 5-year-old patient. Rather than dosing him appropriately, you prescribe a dose suitable for an adult.

Scenario 2:

A friend calls and asks you to prescribe a medication for her. You have this autonomy, but you don’t have your friend’s medical history. You write the prescription anyway.

Scenario 3:

You see another nurse practitioner writing a prescription for her husband who is not a patient of the nurse practitioner. The prescription is for a narcotic. You can’t decide whether or not to report the incident.

Scenario 4:

During your lunch break at the hospital, you read a journal article on pharmacoeconomics. You think of a couple of patients who have recently mentioned their financial difficulties. You wonder if some of the expensive drugs you have prescribed are sufficiently managing the patients’ health conditions and improving their quality of life.

To prepare:

  • – Review Chapter 1 of the Arcangelo and Peterson text, as      well as articles from the American Nurses Association, Anderson and      Townsend, the Drug Enforcement Administration, and Philipsend and Soeken.
  • – Select one of the four scenarios listed above.
  • – Consider the ethical and legal implications of the      scenario for all stakeholders involved such as the prescriber, pharmacist,      patient, and the patient’s family.
  • – Think about two strategies that you, as an advanced      practice nurse, would use to guide your ethically and legally responsible      decision-making in this scenario.

With these thoughts in mind:

Post an explanation of the ethical and legal implications of the scenario you selected on all stakeholders involved such as the prescriber, pharmacist, patient, and the patient’s family. Describe two strategies that you, as an advanced practice nurse, would use to guide your decision making in this scenario.

– This work should have Introduction and conclusion

– This work should have at 3 to 5current references (Year 2012 and up)

– Use at least 2 references from class Learning Resources ETHICAL AND LEGAL IMPLICATION OF PRESCRIBING DRUGS

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The following Resources are not acceptable:

1. Wikipedia

2. Cdc.gov- nonhealthcare professionals section

3. Webmd.com

4. Mayoclinic.com

Required Readings

**Arcangelo, V. P., Peterson, A. M., Wilbur, V., & Reinhold, J. A. (Eds.). (2017). Pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice: A practical approach (4th ed.). Ambler, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

  • Chapter 1, “Issues for the      Practitioner in Drug Therapy” (pp. 3–14)
         This chapter introduces issues relating to drug therapy such as adverse      drug events and medication adherence. It also explores drug safety, the      practitioner’s role and responsibilities in prescribing, and prescription      writing.
  • Chapter 59, “The Economics      of Pharmacotherapeutics” (pp. 1009-1018)
         This chapter analyzes the costs of drug therapy to health care systems and      society and explores practice guideline compliance and current issues in      medical care.
  • Chapter 60, “Integrative Approaches to      Pharmacotherapy—A Look at Complex Cases” (pp. 1021-1036)
         This chapter examines issues in individual patient cases. It explores      concepts relating to evaluation, drug selection, patient education, and      alternative treatment options.

**Crigger, N., & Holcomb, L. (2008). Improving nurse practitioner practice through rational prescribing. The Journal for Nurse Practitioners, 4(2), 120–125.

Note: Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

This article explores issues relating to prescription drugs, specifically the frequency in which drugs are prescribed to patients. It also examines factors to consider before beginning drug therapy plans with patients.

**Philipsen, N. C., & Soeken, D. (2011). Preparing to blow the whistle: A survival guide for nurses. The Journal for Nurse Practitioners, 7(9), 740–746.

Note: Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

This article examines issues that nurses encounter when reporting errors in medical settings. It also outlines the role of ethics and the responsibility of nurses to notify all individuals who are impacted by a medical error.

**American Nurses Association. (2001). Code of ethics for nurses with interpretive statements. Nursing World. Retrieved from http://www.nursingworld.org/MainMenuCategories/EthicsStandards/CodeofEthicsforNurses/Code-of-Ethics-For-Nurses.html

This article outlines ethical standards in the nursing profession and identifies nine provisions of care that must be adhered to by all nurses.

**Anderson, P., & Townsend, T. (2010). Medication errors: Don’t let them happen to you. American Nurse Today, 5(3), 23–28. Retrieved from https://americannursetoday.com/medication-errors-dont-let-them-happen-to-you/

This article examines factors that lead to medication errors as well as consequences of these errors on patients and nurses. It also recommends methods for avoiding and eliminating medication errors.

**Drug Enforcement Administration. (n.d.). Mid-level practitioners authorization by state. Retrieved from August 23, 2012, http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/drugreg/practioners/index.html

This website outlines the schedules for controlled substances, including prescriptive authority for each schedule.

**Drugs.com. (2012). Retrieved from http://www.drugs.com/

This website presents a comprehensive review of prescription and over-the-counter drugs including information on common uses and potential side effects. It also provides updates relating to new drugs on the market, support from health professionals, and a drug-drug interactions checker.

**Institute for Safe Medication Practices. (2012). ISMP’s list of error-prone abbreviations, symbols, and dose designations. Retrieved from http://www.ismp.org/Tools/errorproneabbreviations.pdf

This website provides a list of prescription writing abbreviations that might lead to misinterpretation, as well as suggestions for preventing resulting errors.

**Byrne, W. (2011). U.S. nurse practitioner prescribing law: A state-by-state summary. Medscape Nurses. Retrieved from http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/440315

**Drug Enforcement Administration. (n.d.). Code of federal regulations. Retrieved August 23, 2012, from http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/21cfr/cfr/1300/1300_01.htm ETHICAL AND LEGAL IMPLICATION OF PRESCRIBING DRUGS

Accident Prevention and Safety Promotion for Parents and Caregivers of Infants

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The growth, development, and learned behaviors that occur during the first year of infancy have a direct effect on the individual throughout a lifetime. For this assignment, research an environmental factor that poses a threat to the health or safety of infants and develop a health promotion that can be presented to caregivers Accident Prevention and Safety Promotion for Parents and Caregivers of Infants.

Create a 10-12 slide PowerPoint health promotion, with speaker notes, that outlines a teaching plan. For the presentation of your PowerPoint, use Loom to create a voice over or a video. Include an additional slide for the Loom link at the beginning, and an additional slide for references at the end.

Include the following in your presentation:

  1. Describe the selected environmental factor. Explain how the environmental factor you selected can potentially affect the health or safety of infants.
  2. Create a health promotion plan that can be presented to caregivers to address the environmental factor and improve the overall health and well-being of infants Accident Prevention and Safety Promotion for Parents and Caregivers of Infants.
  3. Offer recommendations on accident prevention and safety promotion as they relate to the selected environmental factor and the health or safety of infants.
  4. Offer examples, interventions, and suggestions from evidence-based research. At least three scholarly resources are required. Two of the three resources must be peer-reviewed and no more than 6 years old.
  5. Provide readers with two community resources, a national resource, and a Web-based resource. Include a brief description and contact information for each resource.
  6. In developing your PowerPoint, take into consideration the health care literacy level of your target audience, as well as the demographic of the caregiver/patient (socioeconomic level, language, culture, and any other relevant characteristic of the caregiver) for which the presentation is tailored

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Refer to the resource, “Creating Effective PowerPoint Presentations,” located in the Student Success Center, for additional guidance on completing this assignment in the appropriate style.

Refer to the resource, “Loom,” located in the Student Success Center, for additional guidance on recording your presentation.

While APA style is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and documentation of sources should be presented using APA formatting guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Refer to the LopesWrite Technical Support articles for assistance Accident Prevention and Safety Promotion for Parents and Caregivers of Infants.

Pre-Briefing Simulation And Drug Cards Nursing Project

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                            PATIENT: Keola Akana 

THIS ASSIGNMENT HAS TWO PART QUESTIONS

                                                INSTRUCTION

Please keep in mind you will also be required to recognize a variety of signs and symptoms linked to abnormalities in these skills. 

Therefore, in order to prepare for the simulation, you are required to complete the Pre-Briefing questions & Drug Cards below and submit to the faculty facilitating the simulation prior to the start of pre-briefing. If you do not complete the pre-briefing questions below and submit to faculty facilitating the simulation prior to the start of pre-briefing, you will not be permitted to participate in the simulation. 

                                  PART 1  QUESTIONS   

SCENARIO OVERVIEW: 

Keola Akana is a 70-year-old male with a history of heart failure. He was admitted to the medical-surgical unit early on Monday morning for medication adjustment, monitoring, and cardiac rehabilitation. The scenario takes place on Monday at 0900, at which time morning medications are due. 

1. What are the nutritional implications, key assessment findings, and nursing interventions for a patient with hypokalemia? 

2. What are the signs and symptoms of digoxin toxicity and how would the nurse assess for these symptoms? In your response, be sure to include specific body systems Pre-Briefing Simulation And Drug Cards Nursing Project.

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3. How would the nurse provide family-centered care? 

PLEASE USE REFERENCE LESS THAN 5 YEARS OLD AND APA FORMAT NEEDED.

                          PART 11 QUESTIONS   

SCENARIO OVERVIEW: 

Keola Akana is a 70-year-old male with a history of heart failure. He was admitted to the medical-surgical unit early on Monday morning for medication adjustment, monitoring and cardiac rehabilitation.  During this scenario, students will have the opportunity to assess and manage medication administration for a patient experiencing digoxin toxicity.

FOR EACH OF THE FOLLOWING DRUGS BELOW THAT WAS PRESCRIBED FOR THE ABOVE PATIENT WITH HEART FAILURE, WRITE OUT IN DRUG CARD FORMAT FOLLOWING THE HEADING BELOW

1) THE INDICATION, (2) DOSAGE, (3) CONTRAINDICATION, (4) SIDE EFFECTS, (5) ADVERSE EFFECTS AND (6) NURSING CONSIDERATION

⦁ Patient: Keola Akana Drug Lists

Lasix 40 mg po now and daily 

Potassium Chloride CR 10 mEq po daily

Digoxin 0.25 mg po now and daily 

Atenolol 50mg po now and daily 

Acetaminophen 650 mg po Q 4 hrs PRN mild pain or temp greater than 101.3 

IV saline flush Q 8hrs and PRN 

N:B: SEE THE ATTACHED SAMPLE OF THE DRUG CARD LIST Pre-Briefing Simulation And Drug Cards Nursing Project

NURSING PROFESSIONALISM AND SOCIAL MEDIA

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Social media plays a significant role in the lives of nurses in both their professional and personal lives. Additionally, social media is now considered a mainstream part of the process for recruiting and hiring candidates. Inappropriate or unethical conduct on social media can create legal problems for nurses as well as the field of nursing.

Login to all social media sites in which you engage (Note you can use Illinois State for social media site). Review your profile, pictures and posts. Based on the professional standards of nursing, identify items that would be considered unprofessional and potentially detrimental to your career and that negatively impact the reputation of the nursing field NURSING PROFESSIONALISM AND SOCIAL MEDIA.

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In 500-750 words, summarize the findings of your review. Include the following:

  1. Describe the posts or conversations in which you have engaged that might be considered inappropriate based on the professional standards of nursing.
  2. Discuss why nurses have a responsibility to uphold a standard of conduct consistent with the standards governing the profession of nursing at work and in their personal lives. Include discussion of how personal conduct can violate HIPAA or be considered unethical or unprofessional. Provide an example of each to support your answer.
  3. Based on the analysis of your social media, discuss what areas of your social media activity reflect Christian values as they relate to respecting human value and dignity for all individuals. Describe areas of your social media activity that could be improved.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines of APA Style Guide NURSING PROFESSIONALISM AND SOCIAL MEDIA

Analyzing an Ethical Decision

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In your role as a Psychiatric and Mental Health Nurse Practitioner (PMHNP), you will encounter several situations that will require your ability to make sound judgments and practice decisions for the safety and well-being of individuals, families, and communities. There may not be a clear-cut answer of how to address the issue, but your ethical decision making must be based on evidenced-based practice and what is good, right, and beneficial for patients Analyzing an Ethical Decision.

You will encounter patients who do not hold your values, but you must remain professional and unbiased in the care you provide to all patients regardless of their socio-demographic and ethnic/racial background. You must be prepared to critically analyze ethical situations and develop an appropriate plan of action. For this Assignment, you review the literature and discover the various ethical dilemmas PMHNPs encounter and how these issues are typically addressed in your state.

                                                                 Assignment 

To prepare:

· Review literature for moral/ethical issues encountered by a Psychiatric and  

  Mental Health Nurse Practitioner (PMHNP).

· Select one of the articles you found that was published within the last 5 years to 

   use as a focus for this assignment.

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                Write a 2-page paper in which you do the following:

· Summarize the moral/ethical issue in the article (no more than 1 paragraph).

· Describe the moral and ethical dilemmas surrounding the issue.

· Analyze the ethical issue and compare them to the state health laws and 

   regulations in your state.

· Outline the process of ethical decision making you would use to address this 

   ethical dilemma.

Note: Be sure to use the Practicum Journal Template attached in this assignment.  

             Also, the Sample Practicum Journal attached is just a sample.

· Include references immediately following the content.

· Use APA style for your journal entry and references Analyzing an Ethical Decision.

                                                  Learning Resources

Required Readings

Sadock, B. J., Sadock, V. A., & Ruiz, P. (2014). Kaplan & Sadock’s synopsis of psychiatry: Behavioral sciences/clinical psychiatry (11th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer.

  • Chapter 5, “Examination and Diagnosis of the      Psychiatric Patient” (pp. 192–289)
  • Chapter      31, “Child Psychiatry” (pp. 1082–1107)

American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.

  • “Introduction”
  • “Use of the Manual”
  • “Cultural Formulation”

Kaplan, C. (2017). Ethical dilemmas. Advanced Healthcare Network. Retrieved from http://nurse-practitioners-and-physician-assistants.advanceweb.com/Article/Ethical-Dilemmas-2.aspx

Pumariega, A. J., Rothe, E., Mian, A., Carlisle, L., Toppelberg, C., Harris, T., . . .  Smith, J. (2013). Practice parameter for cultural competence in child and adolescent psychiatric practice. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 52(10), 1101–1115. Retrieved from http://www.jaacap.com/article/S0890-8567(13)00479-6/pdf

American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry (AACAP). (2012a). Practice parameter for psychodynamic psychotherapy with children. Journal of the 

American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 51(5), 541–557. Retrieved from http://www.jaacap.com/article/S0890-8567(12)00141-4/pdf

American Psychological Association. (2017). Code of Ethics. Retrieved from http://www.apa.org/ethics/code/ Analyzing an Ethical Decision

STUDY ON MICROBIOLOGY

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Answer Clinical Application Questions 1-3 for Chapter 12 on page 368 and Clinical Application Question 1-3 for Chapter 13 on page 400. Answers should be submitted in a word document with any associated references used.?

 Answer Clinical Application Questions 1-3 for Chapter 12 on page 368

a) A girl developed generalized seizures. A CT scan revealed a single brain lesion consistent with a tumor. Biopsy of the session showed cysticerus. The patient lived in South Carolina and had never traveled outside the state. What parasite caused her disease? How is this disease transmitted? How might it be prevented? STUDY ON MICROBIOLOGY

b) A California farmer developed a low-grade fever, myalgia, and cough. A chest X-ray exam revealed infiltrate in the lung. Microscopic exam of the sputum revealed round budding Cells. A sputum culture grew mycelia and arthroconidia. What organism  is most likely the cause of the symptom? How is this disease transmitted? How might it be prevented.

c) A teeaged male in California complained of remittent fever, chills, and headaches. A blood smear revealed ring-shaped cells in his red blood cells. He was successfully treated with primaquine and chloroquine. The patient lives near the San Luis Rey River and has no history of foreign travel, blood transfusion, or intravenous drug use. What is the disease ? How was it

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acquired?

and Clinical Application Question 1-3 for Chapter 13 on page 400.

A) A 40 year old man who was seropositive for HIV experienced abdominal pain, fatique, and low grade fever (38 degree C) for 2 weeks. A chest X-ray exam revealed lung infiltrates. Gram and acid fast stains were negative. A viral culture revealed the cause of his symptoms: a large , enveloped polyhedral virus with double-stranded DNA. What is the disease? Which virus causes it? Why was virus culture done after Gram and acid-fast stain results were obtained 

B) A new born female developed extensive vesicular and ulcerative ; lesions over her face and chest. What is the most likely symptoms? How would you determine the viral cause of this disease without doing a viral culture?

C) By May 14, two people living in the same household had died with five days of each other. Their illnesses were characterized by abrupt onset of fever, muscle pain, headache , and cough, followed by rapid development of respiratory failure. By the end of the year, 36 cases of the disease, with a 50% mortality rate, had been confirmed. A member of the Orthomyxoviridae, Bunyaviridac, or Adenoviridac could cause this disease . Differentiate among these families by method of transmission, morphology, nucleic acid, and type of replication. The reservoir for this disease is mice. Name the disease  STUDY ON MICROBIOLOGY.

Epidemiology: Decoding The Science Of Public Health QUIZ

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Question 1

  1. Epidemiology involves studying infectious communicable disease, not events like injury, obesity, mental health disorders, and seat belt use.

[removed]True

[removed]False

1.6 points  

Question 2

  1. The Framingham study was a:
[removed] a. Retrospective cohort study.
[removed] b. Case-control study.
[removed] c. Cross-sectional study.
[removed] d. Prospective cohort study.

1.7 points  

Question 3

  1. Epidemiology includes the study of: 
[removed] a. Human behavior 
[removed] b. Accidents
[removed] c. Disease
[removed] d. All of the above
[removed] e. None of the above

1.7 points

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Question 4

  1. The definition of epidemiology involves all of the following EXCEPT:
[removed] a. Identification of determinants
[removed] b. Measuring the distribution of disease
[removed] c. Individuals
[removed] d. Application 
[removed] e. The definition includes all of the above

1.7 points  

Question 5

  1. Who evaluated the Bills of Mortality?
[removed] a. William Farr
[removed] b. John Graunt
[removed] c. Hippocrates
[removed] d. George Soper

1.7 points  

Question 6

  1. Who helped to establish the germ theory of disease?
[removed] a. James Lind
[removed] b. John Snow
[removed] c. Louis Pasteur
[removed] d. Florence Nightingale

1.7 points  

Question 7

  1. Who showed that poor diet could result in scurvy?
[removed] a. James Lind
[removed] b. John Snow
[removed] c. Louis Pasteur
[removed] d. Florence Nightingale

1.7 points  

Question 8

  1. The web of causation includes host and environmental determinants.

[removed]True

[removed]False

1.6 points  

Question 9

  1. A cause of disease is an event, condition, or characteristic that preceded the disease and without which the disease would either not have occurred or would have occurred later. Epidemiology: Decoding The Science Of Public Health QUIZ

[removed]True

[removed]False

1.6 points  

Question 10

  1. Which sequence below represents the chronological evolution of disease causation approaches in epidemiology (from oldest to newest)?
[removed] a. Web of causation -> Germ theory -> Body humor imbalance-> Ecosocial framework
[removed] b. Germ theory -> Body humor imbalance -> Ecosocial framework -> Web of causation
[removed] c. Body humor imbalance -> Germ theory -> Web of causation -> Ecosocial framework
[removed] d. Body humor imbalance -> Web of causation -> Ecosocial framework -> Germ theory

1.7 points  

Question 11

  1. Which of the following are essential attributes of causes (choose all that apply)?
[removed] a. Time order
[removed] b. Environmental factors
[removed] c. Association
[removed] d. Direction

1.7 points  

Question 12

  1. How much of the increase in U.S. life expectancy since the 20th century can be attributed to public health improvements?
[removed] a. 25%
[removed] b. 57%
[removed] c. 83%
[removed] d. 75%

1.7 points  

Question 13

  1. The purpose of disease surveillance is to monitor aspects of dsease occurrence that are pertinent to effective control.

[removed]True

[removed]False

1.6 points  

Question 14

  1. John Snow used mortality data developed by William Farr to test a hypothesis that cholera was spread by contaminated water.

[removed]True

[removed]False

1.6 points  

Question 15

  1. Which of the following innovations did The Streptomycin Tuberulosis Trial employ (choose all that apply)?
[removed] a. Consideration of the ethical issues involved
[removed] b. Randomization to treatment and control groups
[removed] c. Masking the investigators
[removed] d. Restrictions on eligibility of patients Epidemiology: Decoding The Science Of Public Health QUIZ

Validity in Quantitative Research Designs

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Validity in research refers to the extent researchers can be confident that the cause and effect they identify in their research are in fact causal relationships. If there is low validity in a study, it usually means that the research design is flawed and the results will be of little or no value. Four different aspects of validity should be considered when reviewing a research design: statistical conclusion validity, internal validity, construct validity, and external validity. In this Discussion, you consider the importance of each of these aspects in judging the validity of quantitative research.

To prepare:

  • Review the information in Chapter 10 of the course text on rigor and validity.
  • Read the method section of one of the following quasi-experimental studies (also located in this week’s Learning Resources). Identify at least one potential concern that could be raised about the study’s internal validity .Validity in Quantitative Research Designs
    • Metheny, N. A., Davis-Jackson, J., & Stewart, B. J. (2010). Effectiveness of an aspiration risk-reduction protocol. Nursing Research, 59(1), 18–25.
    • Padula, C. A., Hughes, C., & Baumhover, L. (2009). Impact of a nurse-driven mobility protocol on functional decline in hospitalized older adults. Journal of Nursing Care Quality, 24(4), 325–331.
    • Yuan, S., Chou, M., Hwu, L., Chang, Y., Hsu, W., & Kuo, H. (2009). An intervention program to promote health-related physical fitness in nurses. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 18(10), 1,404–1,411.
  • Consider strategies that could be used to strengthen the study’s internal validity and how this would impact the three other types of validity.
  • Think about the consequences of an advanced practice nurse neglecting to consider the validity of a research study when reviewing the research for potential use in developing an evidence-based practice.

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Post on or before Day 3 (1) the title of the study that you selected and your analysis of the potential concerns that could be raised about the study’s internal validity. (2) Propose recommendations to strengthen the internal validity and assess the effect your changes could have with regard to the other three types of validity.(3) Discuss the dangers of failing to consider the validity of a research study

 REQUIRED RESOURCES

Readings

  • Polit, D. F., & Beck, C. T. (2012).  Nursing research: Generating and assessing evidence for nursing practice (Laureate Education, Inc., custom ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
    • Chapter 10, “Rigor and Validity in Quantitative Research”

      This chapter introduces the concept of validity in research and describes the different types of validity that must be addressed. Key threats to validity are also explored.
    • Chapter 11, “Specific Types of Quantitative Research”

      This chapter focuses on the specific types of quantitative research that can be selected. The focus is on the purpose of the research rather than the research design. These include such approaches as clinical trials, evaluation research, health services and outcomes research, needs assessments, or replication studies.
  • Cantrell, M. A. (2011). Demystifying the research process: Understanding a descriptive comparative research design. Pediatric Nursing, 37(4), 188–189.
    Retrieved from the Walden Library databases. (for review) Validity in Quantitative Research Designs

    The author of this article discusses the primary aspects of a prominent quantitative research design. The article examines the advantages and disadvantages of the design.
  • Schultz, L. E., Rivers, K. O., & Ratusnik, D. L. (2008). The role of external validity in evidence-based practice for rehabilitation. Rehabilitation Psychology, 53(3), 294–302.
    Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

    This article details the results of a study that sought to balance concern for rigor with concern for relevance. The authors of the article derive and determine a rating format for relevance and apply it to cognitive rehabilitation.
Note: For the Discussion this week, you will need to read the method section of one of the following quasi-experimental studies. Refer to the details provided in the Week 6 Discussion area.
  • Metheny, N. A., Davis-Jackson, J., & Stewart, B. J. (2010). Effectiveness of an aspiration risk-reduction protocol. Nursing Research, 59(1), 18–25.
    Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
  • Padula, C. A., Hughes, C., & Baumhover, L. (2009). Impact of a nurse-driven mobility protocol on functional decline in hospitalized older adults. Journal of Nursing Care Quality, 24(4), 325–331.
    Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
  • Yuan, S.-C., Chou, M.-C., Hwu, L.-J., Chang, Y.-O,, Hsu, W.-H., & Kuo, H.-W. (2009). An intervention program to promote health-related physical fitness in nurses. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 18(10), 1,404–1,411.
    Retrieved from the Walden Library databases. Validity in Quantitative Research Designs

COMMUNITY HEALTH

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Community health nurses practice in a variety of settings. The purpose of this paper is to describe the community setting and analyze the role of a nurse in the assigned setting. Health promotion nursing interventions and a professional nursing organization related to this role will also be examined. 

The topic for this paper is the role of a nurse in a faith community setting. 

Course Outcomes

This assignment enables the student to meet the following Course Outcomes.

· CO5: Analyze the nursing roles in providing comprehensive care in a variety of community health settings. (PO 1)

· CO6: Utilize a systems-based and collaborative approach to address factors that influence the health of a community and population health problems. (PO 2)

Due Date

Submit by 11:59 p.m. MT Sunday of Week 4.

Points: 200 Points

Directions

Watch the tutorial on tips for completing the Community Settings and Community Health Nursing Roles assignment.

This APA paper is expected to be no more than four pages in length (not including the title page and reference list). Below are the requirements for successful completion of this paper. Please use the recommended APA Template linked below, which incorporates the following categories as the first level headings on your paper. APA formatting helps you to organize your paper in a professional manner and provides consistent methods for citing your sources and completing your reference page. See the documents in the APA category in Course Resources for assistance with APA formatting. The Student Success Strategies resource has great sections on writing scholarly papers and APA formatting.

1. The  community health setting for this paper must be a faith community such as a church/parish, or other congregation. 

2. Click to view and download the Community Settings APA Template (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. to complete your paper. The template is formatted with the appropriate running head, title page, page numbers, paragraph formatting, and most of the headings. Please edit the headers and title page with your specific information. You are also encouraged to view the Week 4 assignment tutorial found at the end of the Academic Integrity Reminder.

3. Read the chapter of your textbook on the  assigned community health setting and take notes based on the outline below COMMUNITY HEALTH.

4. Locate and read at least one scholarly peer-reviewed journal article that is not assigned in the course related to a nurse’s role in health promotion in this setting. Go to the library at http:/library.chamberlain.edu (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.. Search peer reviewed journals to find a scholarly article on this topic. The article must be less than 10 years old (less than 5 years is best).

5. Thoroughly address the following categories using the APA Template that is provided.

· Introduction (one paragraph):

o  The introduction should be interesting and capture the reader’s attention.

o  Introduce the assigned community setting 

o  Briefly identify CHN role(s) in this setting

o  Identify vulnerable population(s) served in this setting

o  Include a purpose statement

· Community Setting (two to three paragraphs)

o  Describe the assigned community setting, including vulnerable population(s) served.

o  Discuss three health services provided by the a CHN in the assigned setting.

o  Use your textbook or an outside scholarly source to address these sub-points.

· Health Promotion Nursing Intervention (two to three paragraphs) 

o  Describe in detail health promotion intervention(s) that a CHN could implement in the assigned community setting.

o  Identify people/organizations/community members this CHN role may collaborate with in health promotion interventions.

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o  Utilize at least one peer-reviewed scholarly article related to a health promotion intervention.

· Professional Nursing Organization (two paragraphs)

o  Provide a detailed description of a professional nursing organization related to the assigned community setting. Search the text, your article, or the Internet for one professional organization that supports nurses in this role. If you can’t find an organization specific to this group, search the American Nurses Association (ANA) website for information on this role. Cite the organization in the body of the text with (organization name, year), and include a complete reference on the reference page.

o  Discuss one professional issue that this organization is addressing related to the assigned community setting.

· Summary (one paragraph)

The summary reiterates key points about:

o  The community setting and the CHN role(s)

o  Health promotion intervention

o  Professional organization

o  Includes a concluding statement.

· Reference Page: The reference page should start on a new page (insert a page break). All references should be cited within the body of the paper as (author or organization, year), and the full reference should be included in APA format on the reference page. A URL link alone is not an adequate reference. See the Chamberlain Guidelines for Professional Writing in the APA Folder in Program Resources for examples of properly formatted references COMMUNITY HEALTH.

Guidelines

The setting for this paper must be a faith community.

· Application: Use Microsoft Word 2010™ or later to create this assignment on the template provided.

· We highly recommend that you used the specific APA paper template for this assignment linked above as the headings are already included.

· Scholarly Writing: APA format is required. Review APA documents in Program Resources, and use the free resources of tutor.com for writing tutors.

· Length: This paper is expected to be no more than 4 pages in length (not including the title page and reference list).

· Quotations should be minimal—please paraphrase your sources. A maximum of one quotation should be used for this paper.

· Save your paper with your last name in the document title (e.g., Smith Community Settings).

· Submission: Submit your paper by 11:59 p.m. MT Sunday of Week 4.

· Late Submission: See the course policy on late submissions.

Best Practices in Preparing the Paper

The following are best practices in preparing this project.

· Follow the guidelines above carefully.

· Use only the assigned community setting.

· Complete you own work.

· Use the provided APA assignment specific template.

· Ask you instructor if you have any questions.

· Visit the SSPRNBSN Student Success resource for help with writing a scholarly paper, APA formatting, and library navigation. This should be one of your course tiles.

· Use the 1st column of the grading rubric to make sure all elements of the paper are addressed.

· Cite all sources within the paper as well as on the reference page.

· Proofread prior to final submission.

· Check for spelling and grammar errors prior to final submission with Grammarly.com or the free tutor available through the Tutoring link in the course.

**Academic Integrity Reminder**

College of Nursing values honesty and integrity. All students should be aware of the Academic Integrity policy and follow it in all discussions and assignments COMMUNITY HEALTH.

NURSING ESSAY

/in /by
  1. Think of a surprising or challenging practice situation in which you felt underprepared, unprepared, or uncomfortable NURSING ESSAY.
  2. Select an important nursing issue/topic that was inherent to the identified situation.
  3. As a method of refection, use Carper’s Patterns of Knowing to analyze the situation. In a two- to three-page paper address the following:
  4. Briefly explain the situation
  5. Identify the nursing issue inherent in the identified situation
  6. What do you think was the underlying reason for the situation? (Esthetics)
  7. What were your thoughts and feeling in the situation? (Personal)
  8. What was one personal belief that impacted your actions? (Ethics)
  9. What evidence in nursing literature supports the nursing importance of the identified issue? (Empirical)
  10. What new insights did you gain through this reflective practice opportunity?Application: Use Microsoft Word to create the written component of this assessment.
  11. Length:
    1. The paper (excluding the title page and reference page) should be at least two but no more than three pages.  
  12. A minimum of two (2) scholarly literature sources must be used.
  13. Submission: Submit your file to the Canvas course site by the due date/time indicated.

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Best Practices in Preparing the Reflective Essay

The following are best practices in preparing this reflective essay.

  1. Review directions thoroughly.
  2. Follow assignment requirements.
  3. Make sure all elements on the grading rubric are included.
  4. Rules of grammar, spelling, word usage, and punctuation are followed and consistent with formal, scholarly writing NURSING ESSAY.
  5. Because the paper is a reflective essay, first person is acceptable for this assignment.
  6. Title page, running head, body of paper, and reference page must follow APA guidelines as found in the 6th edition of the manual. This includes the use of headings for each section of the paper except for the introduction where no heading is used.
  7. Ideas and information that come from scholarly literature must be cited and referenced correctly.
  8. A minimum of two (2) scholarly literature sources must be used.
  9. Abide by CCN academic integrity policy.

Final assignment, worth a lot of points. Please properly cite all work APA style. Including course syllabus and theories over viewed through out course. 

Part One:

Consider your learning in the course. How have you met the course objectives listed in the syllabus? Has the material in the course changed your professional practice? How might nursing theory influence your professional practice?

Your initial posting should be at least 400 words in length and utilize at least one scholarly source other than the textbook. 

Part Two: 

This week, you will develop a PowerPoint presentation reviewing the theories from each module. Please select one theory from each module (1-8) and answer the following questions. You should have two slides per theory:

  • Describe the theory
  • Provide 3 examples of how the theory applies to current practice
  • Provide 3 positive patient outcomes resulting from utilizing the theory
  • Explain 3 benefits to nursing satisfaction when utilizing the theory
  • Describe two barriers to using the theory in practice and at least one method for overcoming each barrier (support methods with sources)
  • Support from literature clearly noted throughout

The PowerPoint presentation should include at least two outside references and the textbook. The presentation should contain 2 to 4 slides per theory, for a total of 16 to 32 slides.

Part Two:

Module 1: Nightingales Environmental Theory

Module 2: Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory

Module 3: Orlando’s Theory

Module 4: King’s Conceptual System Theory

Module 5:Neuman Systems Model 

Module 6: Leininger’s Culture Care Model

Module 7: Parse’s Theory of Human Becoming

Module 8:  NURSING ESSAY