Answer Clinical Application Questions 1-3 for Chapter 12 on page 368 and Clinical Application Question 1-3 for Chapter 13 on page 400. Answers should be submitted in a word document with any associated references used.?

 Answer Clinical Application Questions 1-3 for Chapter 12 on page 368

a) A girl developed generalized seizures. A CT scan revealed a single brain lesion consistent with a tumor. Biopsy of the session showed cysticerus. The patient lived in South Carolina and had never traveled outside the state. What parasite caused her disease? How is this disease transmitted? How might it be prevented? STUDY ON MICROBIOLOGY

b) A California farmer developed a low-grade fever, myalgia, and cough. A chest X-ray exam revealed infiltrate in the lung. Microscopic exam of the sputum revealed round budding Cells. A sputum culture grew mycelia and arthroconidia. What organism  is most likely the cause of the symptom? How is this disease transmitted? How might it be prevented.

c) A teeaged male in California complained of remittent fever, chills, and headaches. A blood smear revealed ring-shaped cells in his red blood cells. He was successfully treated with primaquine and chloroquine. The patient lives near the San Luis Rey River and has no history of foreign travel, blood transfusion, or intravenous drug use. What is the disease ? How was it

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acquired?

and Clinical Application Question 1-3 for Chapter 13 on page 400.

A) A 40 year old man who was seropositive for HIV experienced abdominal pain, fatique, and low grade fever (38 degree C) for 2 weeks. A chest X-ray exam revealed lung infiltrates. Gram and acid fast stains were negative. A viral culture revealed the cause of his symptoms: a large , enveloped polyhedral virus with double-stranded DNA. What is the disease? Which virus causes it? Why was virus culture done after Gram and acid-fast stain results were obtained 

B) A new born female developed extensive vesicular and ulcerative ; lesions over her face and chest. What is the most likely symptoms? How would you determine the viral cause of this disease without doing a viral culture?

C) By May 14, two people living in the same household had died with five days of each other. Their illnesses were characterized by abrupt onset of fever, muscle pain, headache , and cough, followed by rapid development of respiratory failure. By the end of the year, 36 cases of the disease, with a 50% mortality rate, had been confirmed. A member of the Orthomyxoviridae, Bunyaviridac, or Adenoviridac could cause this disease . Differentiate among these families by method of transmission, morphology, nucleic acid, and type of replication. The reservoir for this disease is mice. Name the disease  STUDY ON MICROBIOLOGY.

Validity in research refers to the extent researchers can be confident that the cause and effect they identify in their research are in fact causal relationships. If there is low validity in a study, it usually means that the research design is flawed and the results will be of little or no value. Four different aspects of validity should be considered when reviewing a research design: statistical conclusion validity, internal validity, construct validity, and external validity. In this Discussion, you consider the importance of each of these aspects in judging the validity of quantitative research.

To prepare:

• Review the information in Chapter 10 of the course text on rigor and validity.
• Read the method section of one of the following quasi-experimental studies (also located in this week’s Learning Resources). Identify at least one potential concern that could be raised about the study’s internal validity .Validity in Quantitative Research Designs
  • Metheny, N. A., Davis-Jackson, J., & Stewart, B. J. (2010). Effectiveness of an aspiration risk-reduction protocol. Nursing Research, 59(1), 18–25.
  • Padula, C. A., Hughes, C., & Baumhover, L. (2009). Impact of a nurse-driven mobility protocol on functional decline in hospitalized older adults. Journal of Nursing Care Quality, 24(4), 325–331.
  • Yuan, S., Chou, M., Hwu, L., Chang, Y., Hsu, W., & Kuo, H. (2009). An intervention program to promote health-related physical fitness in nurses. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 18(10), 1,404–1,411.
• Consider strategies that could be used to strengthen the study’s internal validity and how this would impact the three other types of validity.
• Think about the consequences of an advanced practice nurse neglecting to consider the validity of a research study when reviewing the research for potential use in developing an evidence-based practice.

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Post on or before Day 3 (1) the title of the study that you selected and your analysis of the potential concerns that could be raised about the study’s internal validity. (2) Propose recommendations to strengthen the internal validity and assess the effect your changes could have with regard to the other three types of validity.(3) Discuss the dangers of failing to consider the validity of a research study

 REQUIRED RESOURCES

Readings

• Polit, D. F., & Beck, C. T. (2012).  Nursing research: Generating and assessing evidence for nursing practice (Laureate Education, Inc., custom ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
  • Chapter 10, “Rigor and Validity in Quantitative Research”
    
    This chapter introduces the concept of validity in research and describes the different types of validity that must be addressed. Key threats to validity are also explored.
  • Chapter 11, “Specific Types of Quantitative Research”
    
    This chapter focuses on the specific types of quantitative research that can be selected. The focus is on the purpose of the research rather than the research design. These include such approaches as clinical trials, evaluation research, health services and outcomes research, needs assessments, or replication studies.
• Cantrell, M. A. (2011). Demystifying the research process: Understanding a descriptive comparative research design. Pediatric Nursing, 37(4), 188–189.
  Retrieved from the Walden Library databases. (for review) Validity in Quantitative Research Designs
  
  The author of this article discusses the primary aspects of a prominent quantitative research design. The article examines the advantages and disadvantages of the design.
• Schultz, L. E., Rivers, K. O., & Ratusnik, D. L. (2008). The role of external validity in evidence-based practice for rehabilitation. Rehabilitation Psychology, 53(3), 294–302.
  Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
  
  This article details the results of a study that sought to balance concern for rigor with concern for relevance. The authors of the article derive and determine a rating format for relevance and apply it to cognitive rehabilitation.

• Metheny, N. A., Davis-Jackson, J., & Stewart, B. J. (2010). Effectiveness of an aspiration risk-reduction protocol. Nursing Research, 59(1), 18–25.
  Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
• Padula, C. A., Hughes, C., & Baumhover, L. (2009). Impact of a nurse-driven mobility protocol on functional decline in hospitalized older adults. Journal of Nursing Care Quality, 24(4), 325–331.
  Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
• Yuan, S.-C., Chou, M.-C., Hwu, L.-J., Chang, Y.-O,, Hsu, W.-H., & Kuo, H.-W. (2009). An intervention program to promote health-related physical fitness in nurses. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 18(10), 1,404–1,411.
  Retrieved from the Walden Library databases. Validity in Quantitative Research Designs

1. Think of a surprising or challenging practice situation in which you felt underprepared, unprepared, or uncomfortable NURSING ESSAY.
2. Select an important nursing issue/topic that was inherent to the identified situation.
3. As a method of refection, use Carper’s Patterns of Knowing to analyze the situation. In a two- to three-page paper address the following:
4. Briefly explain the situation
5. Identify the nursing issue inherent in the identified situation
6. What do you think was the underlying reason for the situation? (Esthetics)
7. What were your thoughts and feeling in the situation? (Personal)
8. What was one personal belief that impacted your actions? (Ethics)
9. What evidence in nursing literature supports the nursing importance of the identified issue? (Empirical)
10. What new insights did you gain through this reflective practice opportunity?Application: Use Microsoft Word to create the written component of this assessment.
11. Length:
    1. The paper (excluding the title page and reference page) should be at least two but no more than three pages.  
12. A minimum of two (2) scholarly literature sources must be used.
13. Submission: Submit your file to the Canvas course site by the due date/time indicated.

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Best Practices in Preparing the Reflective Essay

The following are best practices in preparing this reflective essay.

1. Review directions thoroughly.
2. Follow assignment requirements.
3. Make sure all elements on the grading rubric are included.
4. Rules of grammar, spelling, word usage, and punctuation are followed and consistent with formal, scholarly writing NURSING ESSAY.
5. Because the paper is a reflective essay, first person is acceptable for this assignment.
6. Title page, running head, body of paper, and reference page must follow APA guidelines as found in the 6th edition of the manual. This includes the use of headings for each section of the paper except for the introduction where no heading is used.
7. Ideas and information that come from scholarly literature must be cited and referenced correctly.
8. A minimum of two (2) scholarly literature sources must be used.
9. Abide by CCN academic integrity policy.

Final assignment, worth a lot of points. Please properly cite all work APA style. Including course syllabus and theories over viewed through out course. 

Part One:

Consider your learning in the course. How have you met the course objectives listed in the syllabus? Has the material in the course changed your professional practice? How might nursing theory influence your professional practice?

Your initial posting should be at least 400 words in length and utilize at least one scholarly source other than the textbook. 

Part Two: 

This week, you will develop a PowerPoint presentation reviewing the theories from each module. Please select one theory from each module (1-8) and answer the following questions. You should have two slides per theory:

• Describe the theory
• Provide 3 examples of how the theory applies to current practice
• Provide 3 positive patient outcomes resulting from utilizing the theory
• Explain 3 benefits to nursing satisfaction when utilizing the theory
• Describe two barriers to using the theory in practice and at least one method for overcoming each barrier (support methods with sources)
• Support from literature clearly noted throughout

The PowerPoint presentation should include at least two outside references and the textbook. The presentation should contain 2 to 4 slides per theory, for a total of 16 to 32 slides.

Part Two:

Module 1: Nightingales Environmental Theory

Module 2: Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory

Module 3: Orlando’s Theory

Module 4: King’s Conceptual System Theory

Module 5:Neuman Systems Model 

Module 6: Leininger’s Culture Care Model

Module 7: Parse’s Theory of Human Becoming

Module 8:  NURSING ESSAY

The first step of the EBP process is to develop a question from the nursing practice problem of interest.

Select a practice problem of interest to use as the focus of your research.

Start with the patient and identify the clinical problems or issues that arise from clinical care.

Following the PICOT format, write a PICOT statement in your selected practice problem area of interest, which is applicable to your proposed capstone project Nursing Practice Problem Of Interest..

The PICOT statement will provide a framework for your capstone project (the project students must complete during their final course in the RN-BSN program of study).

Conduct a literature search to locate research articles focused on your selected practice problem of interest. This literature search should include both quantitative and qualitative peer-reviewed research articles to support your practice problem.

Select six peer-reviewed research articles which will be utilized through the next 5 weeks as reference sources. Be sure that some of the articles use qualitative research and that some use quantitative research. Create a reference list in which the six articles are listed. Beneath each reference include the article’s abstract. The completed assignment should have a title page and a reference list with abstracts.

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Suggestions for locating qualitative and quantitative research articles from credible sources:

1. Use a library database such as CINAHL Complete for your search.
2. Using the advanced search page check the box beside “Research Article” in the “Limit Your Results” section.
3. When setting up the search you can type your topic in the top box, then add quantitative or qualitative as a search term in one of the lower boxes. Research articles often are described as qualitative or quantitative.

To narrow/broaden your search, remove the words qualitative and quantitative and include words that narrow or broaden your main topic. For example: Diabetes and pediatric and dialysis. To determine what research design was used, review the abstract and the methods section of the article. The author will provide a description of data collection using qualitative or quantitative methods.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion Nursing Practice Problem Of Interest. .

When completing practicum requirements in clinical settings, you and your Preceptor might complete several patient assessments in the course of a day or even just a few hours. This schedule does not always allow for a thorough discussion or reflection on every patient you have seen. As a future advanced practice nurse, it is important that you take the time to reflect on a comprehensive patient assessment that includes everything from patient medical history to evaluations and follow-up care. For this Assignment, you begin to plan and write a comprehensive assessment that focuses on one female patient from your current practicum setting Obstetrics Comprehensive Patient Assessment.

To prepare

• Reflect on your Practicum Experience and select a female patient whom you have examined with the support and guidance of your Preceptor.
• Think about the details of the patient’s background, medical history, physical exam, labs and diagnostics, diagnosis, treatment and management plan, as well as education strategies and follow-up care.

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To complete

Write an 8- to 10-page comprehensive assessment that addresses the following:

• Age, race and ethnicity, and partner status of the patient
• Current health status, including chief concern or complaint of the patient
• Contraception method (if any)
• Patient history, including medical history, family medical history, gynecologic history, obstetric history, and personal social history (as appropriate to current problem)
• Review of systems
• Physical exam
• Labs, tests, and other diagnostics
• Differential diagnoses
• Management plan, including diagnosis, treatment, patient education, and follow-up care  Obstetrics Comprehensive Patient Assessment