Nursing Informatics-Related Healthcare Policy

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As a professional nurse, you are expected to apply your expertise to patient care. On occasion, you will also be expected to share that expertise.

With evolving technology and continuous changes to regulations designed to keep up these changes, there is usually a need to share information and expertise to inform colleagues, leadership, patients, and other stakeholders.

In this Assignment, you will study a recent nursing informatics-related healthcare policy, and you will share the relevant details via a fact sheet designed to inform and educate Nursing Informatics-Related Healthcare Policy.

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To Prepare:

  • Review the Resources on healthcare policy and regulatory/legislative topics related to health and nursing informatics.
  • Consider the role of the nurse informaticist in relation to a healthcare organization’s compliance with various policies and regulations, such as the Medicare Access and CHIP Reauthorization Act (MACRA).
  • Research and select one health or nursing informatics policy (within the past 5 years) or regulation for further study.

The Assignment: (1 page)

Create a 1-page fact sheet that your healthcare organization could hypothetically use to explain the health or nursing informatics policy/regulation you selected. Your fact sheet should address the following:

  • Briefly and generally explain the policy or regulation you selected.
  • Address the impact of the policy or regulation you selected on system implementation.
  • Address the impact of the policy or regulation you selected on clinical care, patient/provider interactions, and workflow.
  • Highlight organizational policies and procedures that are/will be in place at your healthcare organization to address the policy or regulation you selected. Be specific Nursing Informatics-Related Healthcare Policy.

DIABETES AND DRUG TREATMENT

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Diabetes is an endocrine system disorder that affects millions of children and adults (ADA, 2011). If left untreated, diabetic patients are at risk for several alterations including heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, neuropathy, and blindness.

There are various methods for treating diabetes, many of which include some form of drug therapy. The type of diabetes as well as the patient’s behavior factors will impact treatment recommendations. In this Assignment, you compare types of diabetes including drug treatments for type 1, type 2, gestational, and juvenile diabetes.

To prepare:

· Review this week’s media presentation on the endocrine system and diabetes, as well as Chapter 46 of the Arcangelo and Peterson text and the Peterson et al. article in the Learning Resources.

· Reflect on differences between types of diabetes including type 1, type 2, gestational, and juvenile diabetes.

· Select one type of diabetes DIABETES AND DRUG TREATMENT.

· Consider one type of drug used to treat the type of diabetes you selected including proper preparation and administration of this drug. Then, reflect on dietary considerations related to treatment.

· Think about the short-term and long-term impact of the diabetes you selected on patients including effects of drug treatments.

Write a 2- to 3- page paper that addresses the following:

· Explain the differences between types of diabetes including type 1, type 2, gestational, and juvenile diabetes.

· Describe one type of drug used to treat the type of diabetes you selected including proper preparation and administration of this drug. Include dietary considerations related to treatment.

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· Explain the short-term and long-term impact of this diabetes on patients including effects of drugs treatments.

– This work should have Introduction and conclusion

– This work should have at 4 to 6 current references (Year 2012 and up)

– Use at least 2 references from class Learning Resources

The following Resources are not acceptable:

1. Wikipedia

2. Cdc.gov- nonhealthcare professionals section

3. Webmd.com

4. Mayoclinic.com

Required Readings

**Arcangelo, V. P., Peterson, A. M., Wilbur, V., & Reinhold, J. A. (Eds.). (2017). Pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice: A practical approach (4th ed.). Ambler, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

  • Chapter 36, “Osteoarthritis      and Rheumatoid Arthritis” (pp. 591-609)
         This chapter examines the causes, pathophysiology, and diagnostic criteria      of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. It then outlines the process      of selecting, administering, and managing drug therapy for both disorders.
  • Chapter 46, “Diabetes      Mellitus” (pp. 785-806)
         This chapter begins by identifying the causes, pathophysiology, and      diagnostic criteria of diabetes mellitus. It then examines the process of      selecting, administering, and managing drug therapy for patients with      diabetes mellitus.
  • Chapter 47, “Thyroid Disorders” (pp.      809-822)
         This chapter explores the causes, pathophysiology, diagnostic criteria,      and administration of drug therapy for patients with thyroid disorders,      including hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, thyroid nodules, subclinical thyroid      disease, and thyroiditis. It also discusses the mechanisms of prescribed      drugs, as well as proper dosages and potential adverse reactions.

**Ben-Zacharia, A. (2011). Therapeutics for multiple sclerosis symptoms. The Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine, 78(2), 176–191. 

Note: Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

This article covers the diagnosis, treatment, and management of multiple sclerosis and explores methods for treating other health issues that arise from multiple sclerosis.

**Kargiotis, O., Paschali, A., Messinis, L., & Papathanasopoulos, P. (2010). Quality of life in multiple sclerosis: Effects of current treatment options. International Review of Psychiatry, 22(1), 67–82.

Note: Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

This article examines the process of evaluating and diagnosing patients who present with symptoms of multiple sclerosis and explores treatment and rehabilitation methods.

**Peterson, K., Silverstein, J., Kaufman, F., & Warren-Boulton, E. (2007). Management of type 2 diabetes in youth: An update. American Family Physician, 76(5), 658–664. 

Note: Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

This article outlines the process of diagnosing, treating, and managing youths with or at risk of type 2 diabetes. It also suggests methods for body weight management and reducing cardiovascular disease risks.

**Drugs.com. (2012). Retrieved from http://www.drugs.com/

This website presents a comprehensive review of prescription and over-the-counter drugs including information on common uses and potential side effects. It also provides updates relating to new drugs on the market, support from health professionals, and a drug-drug interactions checker.

Required Media

**Laureate Education, Inc. (Executive Producer). (2012). The endocrine system and diabetes. Baltimore, MD: Author. https://class.waldenu.edu/bbcswebdav/institution/USW1/201870_27/MS_NURS/NURS_6521/adobePresenter/Week06/index.htm

This media presentation explores the endocrine system and diabetes including diagnosis and treatment of the disease.

Note: The approximate length of this media piece is 5 minutes.

**Laureate Education, Inc. (Executive Producer). (2012). Advanced pharmacology – Mid-course review. Baltimore, MD: Author DIABETES AND DRUG TREATMENT.

Abnormal Findings in Patients

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 In this Discussion, you will consider case studies that describe abnormal findings in patients seen in a clinical setting. 

 By Day 1 of this week, your Instructor will have assigned you to one of the following specific case studies for this Discussion.

Also, your Discussion post should be in the Episodic/Focused SOAP Note format, rather than the traditional narrative style Discussion posting format.

Refer to Chapter 2 of the Sullivan text and the Episodic/Focused SOAP Template in the Week 5 Learning Resources for guidance. Remember that all Episodic/Focused SOAP notes have specific data included in every patient case. 

Case 3: Drooping of Face

A 33-year-old female comes to your clinic alarmed about sudden “drooping” on the right side of the face that began this morning. She complains of excessive tearing and drooling on her right side as well. Abnormal Findings in Patients

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To prepare:

With regard to the case study you were assigned:

  • Review this week’s Learning Resources, and consider the insights they provide about the case study.
  • Consider what history would be necessary to collect from the patient in the case study you were assigned.
  • Consider what physical exams and diagnostic tests would be appropriate to gather more information about the patient’s condition. How would the results be used to make a diagnosis?
  • Identify at least five possible conditions that may be considered in a differential diagnosis for the patient.

Case 3: Drooping of Face

A 33-year-old female comes to your clinic alarmed about sudden “drooping” on the right side of the face that began this morning. She complains of excessive tearing and drooling on her right side as well.

To prepare:

With regard to the case study you were assigned:

  • Review this week’s Learning Resources, and consider the insights they provide about the case study.
  • Consider what history would be necessary to collect from the patient in the case study you were assigned.
  • Consider what physical exams and diagnostic tests would be appropriate to gather more information about the patient’s condition. How would the results be used to make a diagnosis?
  • Identify at least five possible conditions that may be considered in a differential diagnosis for the patient Abnormal Findings in Patients.

PICOT AND LITERATURE SEARCH

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The first step of the evidence‐based practice process is to evaluate a nursing practice environment to identify a nursing problem in the clinical area. When a nursing problem is discovered, the nurse researcher develops a clinical guiding question to address that nursing practice problem.

For this assignment, you will create a clinical guiding question know as a PICOT question. The PICOT question must be relevant to a nursing practice problem. To support your PICOT question, identify six supporting peer‐revised research articles, as indicated below. The PICOT question and six peer‐reviewed research articles you choose will be utilized for subsequent assignments.

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Use the “Literature Evaluation Table” to complete this assignment.

  1. Select a nursing practice problem of interest to use as the focus of your research (use hypertension as a topic/problem). Start with the patient population and identify a clinical problem or issue that arises from the patient population. In 200–250 words, provide a summary of the clinical issue.
  2. Following the PICOT format, write a PICOT question in your selected nursing practice problem area of interest. The PICOT question should be applicable to your proposed capstone project (the project students must complete during their final course in the RN‐BSN program of study).
  3. The PICOT question will provide a framework for your capstone project. 
  4. Conduct a literature search to locate six research articles focused on your selected nursing practice problem of interest. This literature search should include three quantitative and three qualitative peer‐reviewed research articles to support your nursing practice problem. PICOT AND LITERATURE SEARCH

Challenges of Providing Health Care

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    Many people, most of them in tropical countries of the Third World, die of preventable, curable diseases. . . . Malaria, tuberculosis, acute lower-respiratory infections—in 1998, these claimed 6.1 million lives. People died because the drugs to treat those illnesses are nonexistent or are no longer effective. They died because it doesn’t pay to keep them alive Challenges of Providing Health Care.

    –Ken Silverstein, Millions for Viagra. Pennies for Diseases of the Poor, The Nation, July 19, 1999

Unfortunately, since 1998, little has changed. For many individuals living in impoverished underdeveloped countries, even basic medical care is difficult to obtain. Although international agencies sponsor outreach programs and corporations, and although nonprofit organizations donate goods and services, the level of health care remains far below what is necessary to meet the needs of struggling populations.

Polluted water supplies, unsanitary conditions, and poor nutrition only exacerbate the poor health prevalent in these environments. Nurses working in developed nations have many opportunities/advantages that typically are not available to those in underdeveloped countries. What can nurses do to support their international colleagues and advocate for the poor and underserved of the world?

In this Discussion, you will consider the challenges of providing health care for the world’s neediest citizens, as well as how nurses can advocate for these citizens.

                                                  To prepare:

    Consider the challenges of providing health care in underdeveloped countries.

    Conduct research in the Walden Library and other reliable resources to determine strategies being used to address these challenges.

    Using this week’s Learning Resources, note the factors that impact the ability of individuals in underdeveloped nations to obtain adequate health care.

    Consider strategies nurses can use to advocate for health care at the global level. What can one nurse do to make a difference?

CITE AT LEAST 3 REFERENCES

                                        Required Readings

    Knickman, J. R., & Kovner, A. R. (Eds.). (2015). Health care delivery in the united states (11th ed.). New York, NY: Springer Publishing.

        Chapter 4, “Comparative Health Systems” (pp. 53–72)

        The chapter showcases different models of health care systems in order to help policymakers and managers critically assess and improve health care in the United States.

        Chapter 10, “The Health Workforce” (pp. 213–225)

        Review this section of Chapter 10, which details health workforce issues for nurses and nurse practitioners.

    Milstead,  J. A. (2019). Health policy and politics: A nurse’s guide (6th ed.).  Burlington, MA: Jones and Bartlett Publishers.

        Chapter 11, “The Impact of Globalization: Nurses Influencing Global Health Policy” (pp. 192-204)

        This chapter addresses how the health status of individuals and populations around the world can affect policymaking in a country Challenges of Providing Health Care.

    Bloch, G., Rozmovits, L., & Giambrone, B. (2011). Barriers to primary care responsiveness to poverty as a risk factor for health. BMC Family Practice, 12(1), 62–67.

    Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

    This article details a qualitative study that was conducted to explore the barriers to primary care responsiveness to poverty. The authors explicate a variety of health impacts attributable to poverty.

    Harrowing, J. N. (2009). The impact of HIV education on the lives of Ugandan nurses and nurse-midwives. Advances in Nursing Science, 32(2), E94–E108.

    Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

    This article explores the impact of an HIV/AIDS education program for Ugandan nurses and nurse-midwives. The author details the motivations behind the program and recommendations for the future.

    Koplan, J. P., Bond, C., Merson, M. H., Reddy, K. S., Rodriquez, M. H., Sewankambo, N. K., & Wasserheit, J. N. (2009). Towards a common definition of global health. The Lancet, 373(9679), 1993–1995.

    Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

    This article provides a full description of the components that comprise global health care in detail.

    Gapminder. (2011). Retrieved from http://www.gapminder.org

    This website explains statistical graphs and tables of life expectancy and incomes around the world.

    Global Health Council. (2012). Retrieved from http://www.globalhealth.org

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    This website houses the productivity and efforts of the Global Health Council as the world’s largest alliance dedicated to improving health throughout the world.

    Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation: U.S. Global Health Policy. (2010). Retrieved from http://kff.org/globaldata/

    This website focuses on major health care issues facing the United States, as well as the U.S. role in global health policy.

    International Council of Nurses. (2011). Retrieved from http://www.icn.ch/

    This website documents the efforts of the International Council of Nurses to ensure quality nursing care for all, as well as sound health policies globally through the advancement of nursing knowledge and presence worldwide.

    United Nations Statistics Division. (2011). Retrieved from http://unstats.un.org/unsd/default.htm

    This website examines global statistical information compiled by the United Nations Statistics Division.

    University of Pittsburgh Center for Global Health. (2009). Retrieved from http://www.globalhealth.pitt.edu/

    This website analyzes health issues that affect populations around the globe through research at the University of Pittsburgh.

    The World Bank (n.d.) The costs of attaining the millennium development goals. Retrieved from http://www.nationalacademies.org/hmd/Global/News%20Announcements/Crossing-the-Quality-Chasm-The-IOM-Health-Care-Quality-Initiative.aspx.

    This article states that many countries will have to reform their policies and improve service delivery to make additional spending effective because the additional aid for education and health with not be enough Challenges of Providing Health Care.

AGING ADULTS REPORT

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A 68-year-old client lives alone and is independent with all ADLs, has no restrictions for mobility, and is competent, and oriented x4. The client is on a fixed income, but has enough to manage a modest lifestyle. The client has family and social supports but is very independent and is proud of her self-reliance. The client’s height is 5’ 6”, weight is 210 lb. / 95.25 kg.

Please answer the following:

  • What is the client’s BMI?
  • Identify what screening tools you would use to assess nutritional and exercise knowledge, and why?
  • Identify two client outcomes that are reasonable, measurable and realistic
  • Identify 3 nursing interventions for each client outcome and give rationales
  • Identify what weakness in the client’s life and supports may be impacting the client’s activity and diet?
  • What referrals would you make and why?
  • Identify your references in APA format. Use references not just opinion.

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Assignment Expectations:

Length: 1500 to 1750 words in length

Structure: Include a title page and reference page in APA format.  These do not count towards the minimum word count for this assignment. Your essay must include an introduction and a conclusion.

References: Use appropriate APA style in-text citations and references for all resources utilized to answer the questions. A minimum of two (2) scholarly sources are required for this assignment AGING ADULTS REPORT.

REPORT ON FOOD BORNE ILLNESS

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Erin C. is a 27-year-old professional woman who describes a recent bout of “the 24-hour flu” she experienced after eating out with friends over the weekend. She reports feeling an upset stomach at work on Monday with an increase in symptoms that developed into severe abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, and some bloody diarrhea, continuing into the evening.

She called her doctor the next morning and reported what she had eaten the day before she developed symptoms: 2 glasses of wine, broiled rare steak with mushroom sauce, baked potato with sour cream and butter, and an assorted greens salad with oil and vinegar dressing from the salad bar where she was dining with friends.

Earlier on that same day, she had eaten leftovers from her refrigerator—a small pork chop, spinach salad, and a glass of milk from a local organic dairy REPORT ON FOOD BORNE ILLNESS.

1. Based on information in Table 19-1, which of Erin’s symptoms would cause you to suspect that she had a food-borne illness rather than the flu?

2. What foods that Erin ingested are frequent sources of food-borne illness?

3. Based on the information in this chapter, what questions would help you identify the likely cause of Erin’s food-borne illness?

4. Besides calling her doctor for persistent symptoms, what dietary measures are important for Erin’s recovery?

5. Knowing that she prefers to eat rare-cooked meat, what precautionary advice could you offer Erin in reference to Figure 19-4?

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6. Based on this experience, suggest one practical action from each of the four simple rules outlined in the “How To” section on page 628 that may protect Erin from food-borne illness in the future.

Case Study 20:

Food for a Low-Income Family Sarah is a 30-year-old mother of two young children, ages 3 and 5. Her husband was recently disabled in a car accident and has been unable to work for 6 months.

Sarah works part-time in her children’s preschool and her husband receives a monthly check for his disability. Medical expenses have wiped out the family’s savings and monthly expenses often exceed the couple’s income. Sarah tells her close friend that she is unable to provide balanced meals for her family because she often runs out of foods such as milk and fresh produce before payday REPORT ON FOOD BORNE ILLNESS.

Her children receive a healthy lunch and snack at preschool and a couple of times in the past month Sarah and her husband have had to skimp on their meals at home to make sure the children were fed adequately. Sarah is worried that their limited resources may be affecting the nutritional health of her family.

1. Based on this family’s history, how would you classify their food insecurity according to Table 20-1?

2. Using the “How To” ideas on page 663, what are at least 3 practical suggestions that would help Sarah provide nutritious meals to her family at the lowest cost?

3. What programs mentioned in this chapter might this family be eligible for that could help improve their access to nutritious food?

4. Sarah’s church keeps an emergency food pantry for people in their community. List some low-cost non-perishable food suggestions that would provide maximum nutritional benefit to this family.

5. Sarah has recently qualified for the SNAP program. What nutrient-dense foods might she buy that would help stretch her food dollar and improve the overall quality of her family’s diet?

6. Plan a one-day menu with 3 meals and 1 snack for this family that incorporates your ideas from the previous questions REPORT ON FOOD BORNE ILLNESS.

Personal Nursing Philosophy

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Overview

You are required to submit a scholarly paper in which you will identify, describe, research, and apply the concepts that underlie your personal philosophy for professional nursing practice.

This will help you identify your own values and beliefs about the established metaparadigms and metatheories of the discipline. It will also help you identify and articulate concepts relevant to your specific practice. This paper is intended to be an exercise in clarification and organization of your professional foundation. You are also required to provide a list of assumptions from personal nursing practice that illustrate the concepts and framework of your theory. Personal Nursing Philosophy

Your paper should follow a format that includes:

Nursing Autobiography: A brief (1 page) discussion of your background in nursing.

my background :   In regards to the professional field, I received my BSN degree in Habana Cuba in 1996 and received my RN license in the State of Florida on October 13, 2014. My nursing practice was as emergency care nursing and internal medicine unit at “Calixto Garcia Hospital”, Cuba for three years, where provide care for patients with life-threatening medical conditions and look after patients who have experienced invasive surgery, accidents and/or trauma. Careful assessment and monitoring of patient progress in order to watch for sudden or subtle changes in a patient’s medical condition that might require emergency intervention and heart monitoring as well as treatment adjustments.

Moreover,  I have been in the medical field in United State for more than 13 years working in Home Health Service and Rehabilitation Center in Miami. In my work experience I have been required to demonstrate many of the skills for the Family Nurse Practitioner. I have also undertaken leadership role during my career monitoring nursing students. I have done so successfully and have enjoyed this experience.

  • The Four Metaparadigms:Identification, discussion, and documentation from the literature of your perspective on the basic four metaparadigms/concepts of patient, nurse, health, and environment.
  • Two Practice-Specific Concepts: Identification, discussion, and documentation from the literature of your perspective on at least two other concepts specific to your own practice.
  • List of Propositions: A numbered list of at least five propositions or assumption statements that clearly connect the concepts described.

Consider the following questions as you complete your various tasks related to this assignment.

1. How do I define and employ the four basic metaparadigms of nursing theory in my professional practice?
2. What are the major concepts I employ that are unique to my professional practice?
3. What philosophies and theories from the literature of nursing and other disciplines/domains are consistent with these concepts?
4. How are the concepts of transcultural nursing, the health promotion model, skill acquisition, role theory, and change theory specifically integrated into my philosophy and practice?
5. What research supports these theories and concepts?
6. How do I integrate role and change theory into my professional practice and how may these theories be applied to the organization in which I practice? Personal Nursing Philosophy

The paper is to be thoroughly researched and well documented, with relevant material from the nursing theorists presented incorporated into the paper. Use the current edition of the APAManual throughout the paper. Sources should focus on references from nursing theory but may also include conceptual and theoretical material from other professional domains. The paper, excluding references or appendices, is to be limited to 9 pages. Writing should be succinct and well organized, as it is impossible for the facilitator to evaluate form and content separately. References have to be peer review less than 5 years old

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Due date 11/23/2016

Your philosophy/framework is to be given a title that is appropriate to its content and emphasis.

Grading of the paper will be based on the following:

Grading Criteria: Maximum Points
Nursing Autobiography  
The nursing autobiography included personal experiences in the field of nursing. 8
Provided an account of the current professional role of the student. 8
Included factors that guided decision making. 8
Quality of Essay  
Enlisted the four metaparadigms. 8
The essay included a definition of the four metaparadigms of nursing with reference to professional practice. 8
The essay mentioned how the metapardigms were employed in nursing practice. 8
The essay enlisted two practice-specific concepts. 8
The essay included clinical examples for each of the chosen concepts. 8
The clinical examples illustrated the concepts in a manner, which further clarified the students’ use of the conceptual material. 8
The essay demonstrated consistency between concepts, assumptions, and clinical application. 8
The essay identified and discussed students’ perspective on two other concepts specific to their practice. 8
The essay included a numbered list of at least 5 propositions or assumptions. 8
The concepts were connected and integrated to reveal a meaningful sequence. 8
The essay demonstrated clarification and organization of the students’ professional foundation. 8
The essay demonstrated evidence of critical thinking in analysis and response. 8
The essay demonstrated understanding and integration of lecture material, reading assignments, and sources consulted. 8
Essay was well written, well organized, and articulate. 8
Presentation Criteria  
The paper clearly demonstrated understanding of theoretical principles (i.e., concept development, definitions, assumptions, etc.) 3
The paper revealed clarity, organization, and articulation of ideas. 3
The paper showed that ideas were well-documented. 3
The paper revealed the breadth of research effort Personal Nursing Philosophy. 2
The paper demonstrated appropriate use of APA format in references and citations. 3
Total 150

Format

ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

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Question 1.                

A female patient is suspected of having psoriasis. Which of the following aspects of the woman’s history and her care provider’s assessment would be potential contributors to her health problem?

The woman takes an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor for the treatment of hypertension. She has been diagnosed with arthritis.

The woman has a family history of diabetes.

Skin trauma of any kind often precedes an outbreak.

 The woman has dark skin ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY.

Question 2.                

Which of the following pathophysiologic phenomena would be most indicative of ankylosing spondylitis?

Loss of motion in the spinal column and eventual kyphosis

A progressive loss of range of motion in knee and hip joints

 A facial “butterfly rash” and multiorgan involvement

 Decreased bone density in long bones

Question 3.                

The father of an 18-month-old girl noticed a small vesicle on her face several days ago. The lesion ruptured and left a straw-colored crust that remained on the girl’s face. The eruption of new vesicles has prompted him to bring the child to the emergency department. Which of the following treatments for the child’s skin problem is most likely?

A topical antifungal ointment

An oral corticosteroid

An antiviral ointment

A topical antibiotic

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Question 4.                

Which of the following statements best conveys an aspect of the process of keratinization?

Keratin cells synthesized in the dermis migrate to the surface over 20 to 30 days.

  Mitosis that begins with the cells of the stratum granulosum results in a continual supply of new keratinocytes.

 The stratum germinativum continuously produces new keratinocytes to replace losses.

 The basal cells of the epidermis migrate to the skin surface at a rate that matches superficial losses of skin cells.

Question 5.                

A 35-year-old woman who has been in recovery from alcoholism for 2 years presents at her primary care nurse practitioner’s office with chronic hip pain. She reports that as part of her commitment to her recovery, she began exercising regularly about a year earlier. After a month or two, her hip began to hurt when she ran on the treadmill. She stretches, has had a physical trainer check her form to ensure that it is correct, and rests adequately between each workout. Six months ago the pain began awakening her at night, and now it is constant. She is not aware of any injury to her hip and has no other outward symptoms. Which of the following is most likely to be the cause of her pain ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY?

Hematogenous osteomyelitis

Osteomyelitis with vascular insufficiency

Tuberculosis of the bone

 Osteonecrosis

Question 6.                

Clinical investigation of a 40-year-old female patient with diverse dermatologic signs and symptoms has focused on the woman’s basement membrane. Which of the following skin functions would a clinician most likely attribute to a region of the integument other than the basement membrane?

Lack of sensory nerve impulse conduction

 Formation of blisters on various skin surfaces

 Lack of adhesion between the dermis and epidermis

Large immunoglobulin deposits

Question 7.                

An 80-year-old female with a diagnosis of osteoporosis receives daily supplements of calcitonin in the form of a nasal spray that she instills each morning. Which of the following phenomena would her care providers expect to result from her supplementation?

Decreased serum calcium levels

 Increased bone resorption

 Acceleration of osteoclast action

 Increased bone formation

Question 8.                

A 41-year-old woman has been diagnosed as having a loose body of cartilage in her left knee. What data would be most likely to lead clinicians to this conclusion?

A visible hematoma is present on the anterior portion of the knee.

The woman experiences intermittent, painful locking of her joint.

Computed tomography indicates a complete tear of her knee ligament.

 An X-ray shows that her femoral head and tibia are no longer articulated ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY.

Quantitative Research Designs

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In order to find the best information on a topic, not only should you develop a question and search for resources, but you should also know how to analyze the value of the resources that you identify. There are different ways to evaluate resources, such as using the hierarchy of evidence, which you explored in Week 4 of this course.

Another way to evaluate resources is to consider the appropriateness of the research design. Understanding how research designs contribute to the quality of a study is essential for being able to analyze resources when conducting a literature review or locating evidence for practice.

In this Discussion, you consider the different research designs and evaluate how these designs have been used to research a specific topic. You also consider strategies for selecting an appropriate research design Quantitative Research Designs.

To prepare:

· Review the information in the course text on quantitative research designs. Focus on the information on, “Guidelines for Critiquing Research Designs in Quantitative Studies”.

· Select a topic from the list below and search the Walden Library to find two different quantitative research studies addressing that issue:

o Caregiver stress

o Anxiety in children

o Sleep apnea

o Depression in college freshmen

o Rural health care issues

o Post-traumatic stress syndrome

o Traumatic brain injury in veterans

o Health effects of environmental contaminants

o Bipolar disorder

o End-of-life ethical issues

o Alternative medicine

· For each of the sources that you select, identify the type of quantitative research design used, and evaluate whether it is the most appropriate approach to the research Quantitative Research Designs.

· Consider the ramifications of choosing an inappropriate design for a research study.

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RESOURCES

Required Readings

Polit, D. F., & Beck, C. T. (2017). Nursing research: Generating and assessing evidence for nursing practice (10th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer.

Chapter 8, “Planning a Nursing Study”

This chapter focuses on the necessary steps for planning a research study. It describes different research designs and their key features and discusses how to plan for data collection.

Chapter 9, “Quantitative Research Design”

This chapter explores quantitative research in greater depth including the importance of experimental design and the role of randomization in conducting research. The chapter also describes quasi-experimental design and observational research.

Media

Laureate Education (Producer). (2012m). Quantitative research for evidence-based practice. Baltimore, MD: Author.

In this video, Dr. Kristen Mauk explains specific quantitative research designs, methods, and considerations related to her Doctorate of Nursing Practice (DNP) project. She discusses how she developed her research design and how she used sound quantitative research methods throughout her project Quantitative Research Designs.