Quantitative Research Paper: Eating Disorders

Research Critique Guidelines To write a critical appraisal that demonstrates comprehension of the research study conducted, address each component below for qualitative study in the Topic 2 assignment and the quantitative study in the Topic 3 assignment. Successful completion of this assignment requires that you provide a rationale, include examples, or reference content from the study in your responses. Qualitative Study Background of Study: • Identify the clinical problem and research problem that led to the study. What was not known about the clinical problem that, if understood, could be used to improve health care delivery or patient outcomes? This gap in knowledge is the research problem. • How did the author establish the significance of the study? In other words, why should the reader care about this study? Look for statements about human suffering, costs of treatment, or the number of people affected by the clinical problem. • Identify the purpose of the study. An author may clearly state the purpose of the study or may describe the purpose as the study goals, objectives, or aims. • List research questions that the study was designed to answer. If the author does not explicitly provide the questions, attempt to infer the questions from the answers. • Were the purpose and research questions related to the problem? Method of Study: • Were qualitative methods appropriate to answer the research questions? • Did the author identify a specific perspective from which the study was developed? If so, what was it? • Did the author cite quantitative and qualitative studies relevant to the focus of the study? What other types of literature did the author include? • Are the references current? For qualitative studies, the author may have included studies older than the 5-year limit typically used for quantitative studies. Findings of older qualitative studies may be relevant to a qualitative study. • Did the author evaluate or indicate the weaknesses of the available studies? • Did the literature review include adequate information to build a logical argument? • When a researcher uses the grounded theory method of qualitative inquiry, the researcher may develop a framework or diagram as part of the findings of the study. Was a framework developed from the study findings? © 2016. Grand Canyon University. All Rights Reserved. Results of Study • What were the study findings? • What are the implications to nursing? • Explain how the findings contribute to nursing knowledge/science. Would this impact practice, education, administration, or all areas of nursing? Ethical Considerations • Was the study approved by an Institutional Review Board? • Was patient privacy protected? • Were there ethical considerations regarding the treatment or lack of? Conclusion • Emphasize the importance and congruity of the thesis statement. • Provide a logical wrap-up to bring the appraisal to completion and to leave a lasting impression and take-away points useful in nursing practice. • Incorporate a critical appraisal and a brief analysis of the utility and applicability of the findings to nursing practice. • Integrate a summary of the knowledge learned. 2 Quantitative Study Background of Study: • Identify the clinical problem and research problem that led to the study. What was not known about the clinical problem that, if understood, could be used to improve health care delivery or patient outcomes? This gap in knowledge is the research problem. • How did the author establish the significance of the study? In other words, why should the reader care about this study? Look for statements about human suffering, costs of treatment, or the number of people affected by the clinical problem. • Identify the purpose of the study. An author may clearly state the purpose of the study or may describe the purpose as the study goals, objectives, or aims. • List research questions that the study was designed to answer. If the author does not explicitly provide the questions, attempt to infer the questions from the answers. • Were the purpose and research questions related to the problem? Methods of Study • Identify the benefits and risks of participation addressed by the authors. Were there benefits or risks the authors do not identify? • Was informed consent obtained from the subjects or participants? • Did it seem that the subjects participated voluntarily in the study? • Was institutional review board approval obtained from the agency in which the study was conducted? • Are the major variables (independent and dependent variables) identified and defined? What were these variables? • How were data collected in this study? • What rationale did the author provide for using this data collection method? • Identify the time period for data collection of the study. • Describe the sequence of data collection events for a participant. • Describe the data management and analysis methods used in the study. • Did the author discuss how the rigor of the process was assured? For example, does the author describe maintaining a paper trail of critical decisions that were made during the analysis of the data? Was statistical software used to ensure accuracy of the analysis? • What measures were used to minimize the effects of researcher bias (their experiences and perspectives)? For example, did two researchers independently analyze the data and compare their analyses? Results of Study • What is the researcher’s interpretation of findings? 3 • Are the findings valid or an accurate reflection of reality? Do you have confidence in the findings? • What limitations of the study were identified by researchers? • Was there a coherent logic to the presentation of findings? • What implications do the findings have for nursing practice? For example, can the findings of the study be applied to general nursing practice, to a specific population, or to a specific area of nursing? • What suggestions are made for further studies? Ethical Considerations • Was the study approved by an Institutional Review Board? • Was patient privacy protected? • Were there ethical considerations regarding the treatment or lack of? Conclusion • Emphasize the importance and congruity of the thesis statement. • Provide a logical wrap-up to bring the appraisal to completion and to leave a lasting impression and take-away points useful in nursing practice. • Incorporate a critical appraisal and a brief analysis of the utility and applicability of the findings to nursing practice. • Integrate a summary of the knowledge learned. Reference Burns, N., & Grove, S. (2011). Understanding nursing research (5th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier. 4 Running Head: EATING DISORDERS Eating Disorders Social Factors Among Teens with Eating Disorders 1 EATING DISORDERS 2 Eating disorders are very common among human beings. However, many people have always delayed treatment of the cases of eating disorders even though they are aware that therapy brings goods results. Family-based treatment has always been recommended for adolescents and children who have eating disorders such as nervosa. Confronting the eating disorder is always the first step in recovering from the eating disorder (Voelker, Reel & Greenleaf, 2015). Some people suffering from the eating disorders always ignore the fact that they need help. Teenagers who have accepted that they need help are taking the biggest step in the recovery from the eating disorders. People should also learn to help people whom they love who are suffering from the eating disorders by advising them to seek help. Seeking professional help is always the best way to recover from the eating disorders. This is because many professionals who have specialised in eating disorders have the skills and experience to help the people recover from the diseases. Ways in which the findings might be used in nursing practice From the research, the finding can be used in the nursing practise to help people suffering from the eating disorders recover from the disease. Using the PICOT statement on eating disorders, nurses can exploit social networks and the social media in general to impact positive body image in dealing with the eating disorders. Nurses can use the social media and social networks to support people suffering from eating disorders (Boon, Zainal & Touyz, 2017). For example, there are websites such as Proud2Bme and Recovery Warriors which bring people with different disorders affecting their bodies and images such as eating disorders. Bringing these people together helps them know that they are not alone in the struggle. These sites help people by empowering them, encourages them to be optimistic and confident. Therefore, nurses can start blogs on eating disorders where they teach people on how to fight eating disorders and the importance of living a healthy life. EATING DISORDERS 3 Many people with similar problems will come together and share their experiences. Some of the experiences may include how others recovered from the eating disorders and the different types of disorders are suffering from. It will encourage other people to work hard to recover from the eating disorders. The blogs are also a source of inspiration to many people as they will be able to more about other people who were suffering from eating disorders worse than their diseases but they recovered from it (Fogelkvist, Parling, Kjellin & Gustaf, 2016). People who are not suffering from the diseases will be encouraged to be careful with their eating patterns and they will ensure that they eat healthy to avoid the risk of contracting diseases related to eating disorders. From the qualitative study, nurses can use the findings which included teens having disorders having difficulties in building proper social networks, teens suffering from eating disorders losing friends upon admission or diagnosis and the effects on the parents of the children suffering from the eating disorders. Nurses can ensure that the help the teen with eating disorders build proper social networks by encouraging them seek recovery from the eating disorders first (Holland & Tiggemann, 2016). Nurses can also help them alleviate their self-esteem by encouraging to make friends with people who have accepted them the way they are. Teen suffering from the eating disorders should not struggle to make friendship with people who reject them. However, they should try to be social with everybody because they cannot be rejected by everybody. To be more comfortable and build more social networks, teens suffering from eating disorders should ensure that they build social relationships mostly with people with similar conditions so that they help each other by encouraging each other to develop healthy eating habits. Nurses should also encourage parents to promote healthy eating habits among their children by ensuring that they eat healthy foods in the right amount. Nurses should connect with parents with children suffering from eating disorders and they should help the parents EATING DISORDERS 4 monitor their children in the recovery stage. The parents should monitor their children’s diet and attitudes to food, their children’s shape, weight and body image, common comorbidities such as depression and anxiety disorders and other predisposing factors. Nurses should always help the parents solve these problems whenever they are present in the children (Leonidas & dos Santos, 2014). Nurses should help the parents in taking care of their children with eating disorders by advising them on healthy foods to give to their children and also provide solutions to other problems related to eating disorders. The corporation between nurses and parents with the aim of doing away with eating disorders is one of the best ways of preventing children from suffering from eating disorders because the parents will take preventive actions to ensure that their children are not suffering from eating disorders. Ethical considerations associated with the conduct of the study Studies conducted on the field of eating disorders are very important for the improvement of treatment methods and the results for people suffering from eating disorders. The disease is very complex and delicate, the research should be conducted sensitively and carefully (Patel, Tchanturia & Harrison, 2016). The studies are always regulated by ethic principles endorsed to protect volunteers, participants and other people involved in the research. Some ethical consideration associated with conduct of the study include the application of fundamental principles of people’s lives. Because this research involved investigating people with eating disorders, applying the fundamental ethical principles is very important to protect the right of privacy. Any confidential information collected during the study should be kept safe and secure because the information is made available to people, some individuals may take advantage of the situation and use the information against the participants. The confidential ma be used to hurt or damage the reputation or image of the participant. Therefore, it very important to keep participants’ confidential information private and secure. EATING DISORDERS 5 Application of the principles of research. The fundamental ethical principles of research involve prioritizing the safety and the privacy of the participants. Participants should not be exposed to any thing which may be harmful to them during and even after the research. Upholding moral responsibilities is also very important during the study. Researchers should be responsible and ensure that they do not interfere with the participants. They should also ensure that they are responsible for their actions and it any mistake is done during the process, they should take responsibility and correct the mistake by providing solutions to the mistakes they make (Salafia, Jones, Haugen & Schaefer, 2015). Handling sensitive study information is a task that should not be assumed lightly. If any sensitive research data is mishandled, it may cause ethical dilemmas which may destroy even the integrity of the research. Sensitive study information should be handled appropriately by ensuring that only the authorized people can access the information and the data should be stored safely. Research in the field of eating disorders has several ethical issues that should be not be taken lightly because violation of the ethical principles may cause problems to the participants during the study or after the study. EATING DISORDERS 6 References Boon, E., Zainal, K. A., & Touyz, S. W. (2017). Perceptions of eating disorder diagnoses and body image issues in four male cases in Singapore. Journal of Eating Disorders, 5(33). Retrieved from https://jeatdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40337-0170159-x Fogelkvist, M., Parling, T., Kjellin, L., & Gustaf, S. A. (2016). A qualitative analysis of participants’ reflections on body image during participation in a randomized controlled trial of acceptance and commitment therapy. Journal of Eating Disorders, 4(29). Retrieved from https://jeatdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40337016-0120-4 Holland, G., & Tiggemann, M. (2016). A systematic review of the impact of the use of social networking sites on body image and disordered eating outcomes. Body image, 17, 100-110. Leonidas, C., & dos Santos, M. A. (2014). Social support networks and eating disorders: an integrative review of the literature. Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment, 10. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4039404/ Patel, K., Tchanturia, K., & Harrison, A. (2016). An exploration of social functioning in young people with eating disorders: A qualitative study. PloS one, 11(7), e0159910. Salafia, E. B., Jones, M. E., Haugen, E. C., & Schaefer, M. K. (2015). Perceptions of the causes of eating disorders: a comparison of individuals with and without eating disorders. Journal of Eating Disorders, 3(32). Retrieved from https://jeatdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40337-015-0069-8 Voelker, D. K., Reel, J. J., & Greenleaf, C. (2015). Weight status and body image perceptions in adolescents: current perspectives. Adolescent health, medicine, and therapeutics, 6, N149–158. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4554432/
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