Topic 2 DQ 1 Managers organizations Improving

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Topic 2 DQ 1 Managers organizations Improving

Please respond with a paragraph to the following post, add citations and references:

Managers tend to concern themselves with the five functions of management; planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling. Managers are tasked with meeting the goals of the five functions while also remaining fiscally responsible to the institution, while leaders may not have formal authority yet have influence over staff in order to reach managements goals (GCU2108) This is where I feel that managers and leaders roles overlap. Charge nurses or leads tend to be the leaders of units while nurse manager are, well management. In order to provide efficient quality care the managers must have a set of mission and values that are meaningful and achievable. The charge nurse must buy into that mission and values and encourage engagement of staff to feel ownership of that mission and values. Management tends to be looked at as the enemy of the worker; out of touch with what is truly happening within the institution and that is sometimes unfortunately the case. When managers engage their staff and accept their input, it invokes trust between the two and engages staff to be more positive and proactive when asked by managers to change. As a manager I encourage my staff not just to tell what is wrong but to give me suggestions on how to fix the problem. My job then is to initiate their changes and reinforce how their input effected the change. Dwight Eisenhower said it best when he said, “Motivation is the art of getting people to do what you what them to do because they want to do it”.

Reference:

Grand Canyon University. 2018. NRS-451V. Lecture 1. Retrieved from: https://lc-ugrad3.gcu.edu/learningPlatform/user/us…

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Tags: nursing topic

Topic 2 DQ 1.1 differences management leadership

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Topic 2 DQ 1.1 differences management leadership

Please respond with a paragraph to the following post, add citations and references:

Leadership and management are different from each other in many ways because a team member can be a leader but not have the title of manager. These areas need to overlap in the healthcare field because a nurse should have these skills in order to have autonomy and be trusted to effectively do their job. A leader leads their team with little to no supervision while a manager must have a team to do and ensure completion of tasks. Although the two titles, leader and manager, have different meanings as our reading suggests it is important that we understand they have a substantial similarity.

Management focuses on increased productivity and balancing budgets to get the job done while leadership has people in the field with hands on the job. The definition of management is: the coordination and integration of resources through planning, organizing, coordinating, directing, and controlling to accomplish specific institutional goals and objectives (Huber, 2010, p. 6). The definition of leadership is: The process of influencing people to accomplish goals (Huber, 2010, p. 5)

Nurses need to have the ability to be leaders but as we progress in our careers, we need to take on more managerial roles. I think the overlap in leadership and management will give us the ability to be knowledgeable and well-rounded nurse that holds many assets that companies desire. “Nurse leaders will serve a primary role in leading change to meet the current and future demands of our healthcare system” (O’Neill, 2013).

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References

Huber, D. L. (2010). Leadership and nursing care management (4th ed.). Maryland Heights, MO: Saunders Elsevier.

 

O’Neill, J. A. (2013, April). Advancing the nursing profession begins with leadership. Journal of Nursing Administration, 43(4), 179-181. https://doi.org/10.1097/NNA.0b013e3182895aa9

Part 3 medication waste

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Part 3 medication waste

Below is a paragraph which contains a direct quote. You would like to use this for a reference but would like to cut down your similarity. Read the below quote and rewrite it in your own words so that the meaning is the same. Make sure to use a citation after your statement since this author gave you the original information. Make sure to add the reference to the bottom of your post. (Keep in mind to paraphrase the entire paragraph and not just the quote below).

A nurse is asked by another to sign off a medication waste, however the nurse did not show the waste to anyone because she stated it was too busy and no one was around. “How individuals respond to these ethical dilemmas depends on their previous experiences with unethical behavior, their individual personality traits, and their ethical values, as well as their knowledge of ethical principles” (American Nurses Association, [ANA], 2014).

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Reference

American Nursing Association. (2014). Moral courage in healthcare: Acting ethically even in the presence of risk. The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing. 15(3). Retrieved from http://nursingworld.org/MainMenuCategories/ANAMark…

Sunday Assignment

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Sunday Assignment

Details:

Select an ethnic minority group that is represented in the United States (American Indian/Alaskan Native, Asian American, Black/African American, Hispanic/Latino, Native Hawaiian, or Pacific Islander). Using health information available from Healthy People, the CDC, and other relevant government websites, analyze the health status for this group.

In a paper of 1,000-1,250 words, compare and contrast the health status of your selected minority group to the national average. Include the following:

  1. Describe the ethnic minority group selected. Describe the current health status of this group. How do race and ethnicity influence health for this group?
  2. What are the health disparities that exist for this group? What are the nutritional challenges for this group?
  3. Discuss the barriers to health for this group resulting from culture, socioeconomics, education, and sociopolitical factors.
  4. What health promotion activities are often practiced by this group?
  5. Describe at least one approach using the three levels of health promotion prevention (primary, secondary, and tertiary) that is likely to be the most effective in a care plan given the unique needs of the minority group you have selected. Provide an explanation of why it might be the most effective choice.
  6. What cultural beliefs or practices must be considered when creating a care plan? What cultural theory or model would be best to support culturally competent health promotion for this population? Why?

Cite at least three peer-reviewed or scholarly sources to complete this assignment. Sources should be published within the last 5 years and appropriate for the assignment criteria and public health content.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Please refer to the directions in the Student Success Center.

***** please make the assignment above add citation and references :)****

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NUR3655 African American and Amish heritage in USA

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NUR3655 African American and Amish heritage in USA

Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Amish Larry Purnell, PhD, RN, FAAN

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Copyright © 2013 F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Overview ▪ Came to the United States in 1693 for the same reason many other groups came to America—persecution and to practice their lifestyle as they so chose. ▪ No reference group in other parts of the world. ▪ Adapt to dominant society slowly and selectively Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Overview Continued ▪ Mutuality and sharing rather than individual achievement and competition ▪ All speak English and are taught English in school, but most speak Deitsch and various dialects (Pennsylvania German) at home ▪ Healthcare providers by definition are outsiders Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Overview Continued ▪ Majority of men work on farms or in carpentry ▪ If women work outside the home, they work in restaurants, sewing, and teach in their schools ▪ If they work far away from home, prefer to live with another Amish family. ▪ Shared finances are the norm. Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Overview Continued ▪ A few have telephones, including cell phones for business but do not let it ring in the house. ▪ Some are using communally shared computers because of the necessity of ordering online instead of mail order catalogues. ▪ A few may drive cars but only out of necessity for work and never on the Sabbath. Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Overview Continued ▪ Some illnesses and symptom expression do not have direct translations into English ▪ Highly contexted culture ▪ What is common knowledge regarding health matters to most are not to the Amish due to no TV, major newspapers, etc. Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Overview Continued ▪ New communities are being formed in the United States due to lack of land in immediate community ▪ New communities in Kentucky, Tennessee, and Belize, Central America Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Overview Continued ▪ Demut—humility and demureness ▪ Gelassenheit—quiet acceptance, reassurance, and resignation ▪ Temporality is grounded into present time and guided by natural rhythms ▪ Seek health care from afar when needed Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Myths ▪ They do ride in cars and may even own a car out of necessity but severe restrictions as to when and where it can be driven. ▪ Do use the telephone but do not have them in the home. May be located in a neighborhood grocery or deli. ▪ Kerosene refrigerators and gas hot water heaters—no electricity—generators instead Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Family Roles ▪ Man is head of the family. ▪ Women are accorded high respect and status. In private they are partners, in public, women assume a retiring role. ▪ Freindschaft—three-generation families. Grandparents live in separate house or separate quarters of the home. Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Alternative Lifestyles ▪ Singleness is not stigmatized ▪ Same-sex couple may live together out of necessity when away from home. ▪ Pregnancy before marriage is rare, couple encouraged to marry, or the child can be adopted. Abortion is unacceptable. ▪ Gays/Lesbians remain closeted and can cause concern for healthcare provider. Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Genetic Diseases ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ High rates because of a closed gene pool Ellis-van Creveld Syndrome Cartilage hair hypoplasia Pyruvate kinase anemia Hemophilia B Phenylketonuria Glucaric aciduria Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Genetic Diseases Continued ▪ Manic-depressive illness ▪ Bipolar effective disorders are higher than general population ▪ Low rates of alcoholism, drug/alcohol abuse Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Nutrition ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ Mostly home-grown foods Local storage lockers Increasing trend for junk/snack food Diet is high in fat and carbohydrates leading to obesity, especially in women. ▪ Food has a significant social meaning during visiting. Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Childbearing Practices ▪ Children are a gift from God and large families are an asset usually ▪ Start families early to mid to late 20s ▪ Have lay-midwives but use allopathic practitioners if necessary ▪ Some women are interested in birth control—as are men, but rarely talked about Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Childbearing Practices Continued ▪ Will attend live prenatal classes ▪ May use herbs, blue cohosh pills to enhance labor ▪ Grandmothers provide much assistance ▪ Older children help care for younger children Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Death Rituals ▪ Exceptionally rare to be in a long-term care facility ▪ If at all possible, prefer to die at home ▪ If family member is caring for the ill at home, neighbors may do the cooking and farm chores ▪ Do use visiting nurses and therapists when needed Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Death Rituals Continued ▪ Visiting during illness and after death is an obligation ▪ Neighbors take care of family and friends coming from afar ▪ “Wakelike” sitting up all night is not uncommon ▪ Plain wooden coffin for burial Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Death Rituals Continued ▪ Burial in home cemetery or in community church cemetery ▪ Death is a normal transition of life ▪ May present as stoic—although loss is keenly felt Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Spirituality ▪ No regional or national church ▪ Districts divided into 30 to 50 families or 200 to 300 people ▪ All religious leaders are male, volunteered, and untrained ▪ National committee may be used for some decisions affecting other communities Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Spirituality Continued ▪ Corporate worship is the norm with faith-related behavior, not individual wishes. ▪ Salvation is ultimately individual. ▪ If engaged in sinful activity, can rejoin the church after proper penitence. ▪ Church officials may be sought in healthcare matters. Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Spirituality ▪ Healthcare decisions are ultimately an individual matter ▪ Want to have a decision in healthcare matters— just ask me/us ▪ Health promotion is a family/individual affair Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Healthcare Practices ▪ Healthcare knowledge is passed among and between families by the women ▪ No health insurance but communities share and have the Amish Aid Society ▪ Some places give a discount because of cash payment ▪ Cost of procedures may be a deciding factor to have the procedure done Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Healthcare Practices Continued ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ Herbal treatments Self-medication Abwaarde—minister by being present Achtgewwe—helping others and is many times gender- and age-related Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Healthcare Practices Continued ▪ Brauche or sympathy curing, laying on of warm hands, or powwowing and is similar to Native American practices ▪ Abnemme—failure to thrive and child is taken to a healer who may perform incantations ▪ Aagwachse or livergrown, grown together caused by jostling buggy rides Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Healthcare Practices Continued ▪ Usually stoical with pain and physical discomfort ▪ “Physically or mentally different” are fully accepted into the community without stigma. ▪ Time off for illness is acceptable. Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Healthcare Practitioners ▪ Braucher or traditional healer first and may be men or women ▪ Use reflexology and massage as well as herbal therapies ▪ Western healthcare practitioners, nurses, physicians, dentists are outsiders, but use them when needed and trusted Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition African Americans Larry Purnell, PhD, RN, FAAN Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition African American ▪ Second largest “minority” group in the United States. ▪ Negro, black, Black American, person of color, and colored: Depends on the individual. ▪ African American does not necessarily mean you have black skin—it is a term to denote that the person has pride in both the African and American heritage Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition African American ▪ Much diversity among this group in terms of the variant cultural characteristics. ▪ Half live in the Southern United States with large numbers living in large cities in the North. ▪ Most came to the United States involuntarily with the slave trade from Africa. Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Education and Occupation ▪ Great inequities in educational opportunities in the past, and this still continues in some areas of the United States with inferior schools and lack of economic and human resources. ▪ High drop-out rates from school due to pregnancy, socioeconomics, and family responsibilities. Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Education and Occupation Continued ▪ Less well represented in managerial and professional occupations. ▪ High employment in “blue collar” positions and factories increase risks for cancer and poorer health status—steel and tire industries and other hazardous occupations. Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Communications ▪ Black English dialect where the “th” is pronounced like “de” = dese for these. ▪ Gullah, a Creole language spoken by African Americans who come from the Georgia Coast and South Carolina. A dialect originating from Africa and is really a combination of two other languages. ▪ Spoken in other places in the world. Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Communications Continued ▪ Highly verbal and expressive with family and trusted friends. ▪ Do not air your dirty laundry. ▪ Dynamic loud speech pattern may be perceived as aggression or anger. ▪ Touch easily among family and trusted friends. Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Communications Continued ▪ Expressive nonverbal communications. ▪ Comfortable with close physical distance between conversants. ▪ Direct eye contact can be seen as aggression, especially by elders and lower socioeconomic persons—can be a way of protection, especially in times past. ▪ Culture of “being in becoming” and relaxed with time and have a linear sense of time and are polychronic. Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Communications Continued ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ More formal with names in the beginning. Use appropriate titles. Family name is highly respected. People respected by community may be called aunt, uncle, cousin, mother, etc. Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Family ▪ Traditionally matriarchal out of necessity during times of slavery. Now more egalitarian but great variation. ▪ Single parenting creates more matriarchal families. ▪ Gender roles are easily inter-changeable. ▪ Cooperative teamwork is valued and the “norm”. Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Family Continued ▪ Value self-reliance and education. ▪ Families try to protect their children from street violence, but society prevails during teen years and attempts may be seen as futile. ▪ Employment at an early age is encouraged to develop self-survival and self-reliance skills—also help with chores. Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Family Continued ▪ Many see the future as having limited opportunities if from the lower educational and socioeconomic levels. ▪ Value the Afrocentric Framework—although some do not know them by name. Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Afrocentric Framework Nguzo Sabo ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ Umojo—unity Kujichagula—self-determination Ujimaa—cooperative economics Ujima—collective work and responsibility Kuumba—creativity Nia—purpose Imani—faith Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Family Continued ▪ Elders, especially grandmothers, are respected. ▪ Not uncommon for grandparents to assist with and/or raise grandchildren. ▪ Extended family is important and cousins and nephews, etc. are considered nuclear family—so are “non-blood relatives”. Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Family Continued ▪ Minimal to no stigma for single parenting. ▪ High HIV and AIDS occurrence due to IV drug use and sexual activity. ▪ Lesbians and gays accepted but not talked about for fear of increased stigma and rejection. Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Biocultural Ecology ▪ Different assessment techniques required to detect cyanosis, pallor, rashes, and jaundice. ▪ Overgrowth of connective tissue leading to keloids. ▪ Long bones are longer, bone density is greater than that of Asians, Hispanics, and European-Americans. ▪ Greater incidence of birthmarks. Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Biocultural Ecology Continued ▪ Leading cause of death among males is homicide. ▪ Violence in inner city neighborhoods. ▪ High morbidity and mortality due to hypertension —renin-angiotensin syndrome. ▪ Cirrhosis and diabetes rates are also high. Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Biocultural Ecology Continued ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ Sickle cell anemia Glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase deficiency Lactose deficiency Prostate cancer due to enzyme level detection Colon tumors are deeper within the colon Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Biocultural Ecology Continued ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ Less responsive to beta-blockers More responsive to monotherapy Less responsive to mydriatic dilation High frequency for psychosis and low frequency for depression Higher doses of neuroleptics Higher incidence of side effects for psychotropics and tricyclics Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Nutrition ▪ Symbol for health and wealth ▪ Accept food; otherwise you reject the person ▪ Food considered important for controlling high blood and low blood ▪ Soul food is high in fat and sodium with fatback used frequently Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Nutrition Continued ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ Children introduced to solid food early Milk, vegetables, and meat are strength foods Diet frequently low in Vitamins A and C and iron High-carbohydrate diet leads to obesity Overweight is seen as positive Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Childbearing Practices ▪ Oral contraceptives is the most common method of birth control ▪ Mother and grandmother are the primary advisors for pregnancy and childbearing practices ▪ Consume your craving during pregnancy or the baby will be marked Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Childbearing Practices Continued ▪ Geophagia, eating non food substances, can lead to iron and potassium deficiency ▪ A few believe that a pregnant woman should not have her picture taken because it will capture the baby’s soul ▪ Do not take pictures while pregnant because it can cause a stillbirth Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Childbearing Practices Continued ▪ After delivery avoid cold air and get plenty of rest ▪ Umbilicus may be wrapped or have a coin placed on it to prevent protruding outward— for some it is a means of protection from evil. Practice is rare but still occurs among some. Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Death Rituals ▪ Death does not end the connection between people, can communicate with the dead person’s spirit ▪ Some believe in voodoo death in that death or illness can come to a person through supernatural forces ▪ Voodoo is also known as root work, mojo, spell, fix, or black magic Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Death Rituals ▪ Body must be kept intact after death—I came into this world with all of my body parts and I intend to leave this world with all of my body parts ▪ Falling out due to extreme emotional response. However the person can still hear and understand ▪ Express grief openly and publicly with eulogies at funerals is common Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Spirituality ▪ The Black Church is the Black Community ▪ Religion is taken seriously; expect to receive a message in church ▪ Group singing and public testimonials ▪ Most are Baptist or Methodist although they belong to all religious groups including Nation of Islam and Seventh Day Adventist Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Spirituality Continued ▪ Use prayer for all situations ▪ Many believe in laying on of hands while praying—power of being able to heal ▪ May speak in tongues ▪ Inner strength comes from faith in God—it is “God’s Will” —fatalism Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Healthcare Practices Health-Seeking Behaviors ▪ The world is a very hostile and dangerous place to live ▪ The individual is open to attack from external forces ▪ The individual is considered to be a helpless person who has no internal resources to combat such an attack and therefore needs outside assistance Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Healthcare Practices ▪ May be suspicious of outsider healthcare professionals and therefore see a physician or nurse only when absolutely necessary ▪ Natural and unnatural illnesses ▪ May receive care from a “root doctor” simultaneously with biomedical practitioners Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Healthcare Practices Continued ▪ Have a tendency to take medicine on an “asneeded” basis ▪ Barriers to health care include affordability, accessibility, acceptability, adaptability, and past discrimination ▪ Some believe “no pain, no illness” ▪ Able to enter the sick role with ease Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Healthcare Practices Continued ▪ Illness brings the family together ▪ Low rates of organ donation due to lack of information, racism, religion, distrust, and fear of organ being taken prematurely ▪ Blood transfusion acceptable unless religion forbids it Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Healthcare Practitioners ▪ Folk practitioners can be grandmothers, respected women or elders in the community, church leaders, root doctors, or voodoo priests and priestesses, who remove hexes ▪ Some may prefer a care provider of the same gender Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Healthcare Practitioners Continued ▪ Folk practitioners are held in high esteem and used by all socioeconomic levels of African Americans ▪ Prefer Western healthcare providers who are known to the family or community ▪ Must establish trust to be effective in return visits Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company
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African American and Amish heritage in USA

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African American and Amish heritage in USA

Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Amish Larry Purnell, PhD, RN, FAAN

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Copyright © 2013 F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Overview ▪ Came to the United States in 1693 for the same reason many other groups came to America—persecution and to practice their lifestyle as they so chose. ▪ No reference group in other parts of the world. ▪ Adapt to dominant society slowly and selectively Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Overview Continued ▪ Mutuality and sharing rather than individual achievement and competition ▪ All speak English and are taught English in school, but most speak Deitsch and various dialects (Pennsylvania German) at home ▪ Healthcare providers by definition are outsiders Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Overview Continued ▪ Majority of men work on farms or in carpentry ▪ If women work outside the home, they work in restaurants, sewing, and teach in their schools ▪ If they work far away from home, prefer to live with another Amish family. ▪ Shared finances are the norm. Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Overview Continued ▪ A few have telephones, including cell phones for business but do not let it ring in the house. ▪ Some are using communally shared computers because of the necessity of ordering online instead of mail order catalogues. ▪ A few may drive cars but only out of necessity for work and never on the Sabbath. Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Overview Continued ▪ Some illnesses and symptom expression do not have direct translations into English ▪ Highly contexted culture ▪ What is common knowledge regarding health matters to most are not to the Amish due to no TV, major newspapers, etc. Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Overview Continued ▪ New communities are being formed in the United States due to lack of land in immediate community ▪ New communities in Kentucky, Tennessee, and Belize, Central America Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Overview Continued ▪ Demut—humility and demureness ▪ Gelassenheit—quiet acceptance, reassurance, and resignation ▪ Temporality is grounded into present time and guided by natural rhythms ▪ Seek health care from afar when needed Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Myths ▪ They do ride in cars and may even own a car out of necessity but severe restrictions as to when and where it can be driven. ▪ Do use the telephone but do not have them in the home. May be located in a neighborhood grocery or deli. ▪ Kerosene refrigerators and gas hot water heaters—no electricity—generators instead Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Family Roles ▪ Man is head of the family. ▪ Women are accorded high respect and status. In private they are partners, in public, women assume a retiring role. ▪ Freindschaft—three-generation families. Grandparents live in separate house or separate quarters of the home. Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Alternative Lifestyles ▪ Singleness is not stigmatized ▪ Same-sex couple may live together out of necessity when away from home. ▪ Pregnancy before marriage is rare, couple encouraged to marry, or the child can be adopted. Abortion is unacceptable. ▪ Gays/Lesbians remain closeted and can cause concern for healthcare provider. Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Genetic Diseases ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ High rates because of a closed gene pool Ellis-van Creveld Syndrome Cartilage hair hypoplasia Pyruvate kinase anemia Hemophilia B Phenylketonuria Glucaric aciduria Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Genetic Diseases Continued ▪ Manic-depressive illness ▪ Bipolar effective disorders are higher than general population ▪ Low rates of alcoholism, drug/alcohol abuse Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Nutrition ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ Mostly home-grown foods Local storage lockers Increasing trend for junk/snack food Diet is high in fat and carbohydrates leading to obesity, especially in women. ▪ Food has a significant social meaning during visiting. Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Childbearing Practices ▪ Children are a gift from God and large families are an asset usually ▪ Start families early to mid to late 20s ▪ Have lay-midwives but use allopathic practitioners if necessary ▪ Some women are interested in birth control—as are men, but rarely talked about Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Childbearing Practices Continued ▪ Will attend live prenatal classes ▪ May use herbs, blue cohosh pills to enhance labor ▪ Grandmothers provide much assistance ▪ Older children help care for younger children Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Death Rituals ▪ Exceptionally rare to be in a long-term care facility ▪ If at all possible, prefer to die at home ▪ If family member is caring for the ill at home, neighbors may do the cooking and farm chores ▪ Do use visiting nurses and therapists when needed Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Death Rituals Continued ▪ Visiting during illness and after death is an obligation ▪ Neighbors take care of family and friends coming from afar ▪ “Wakelike” sitting up all night is not uncommon ▪ Plain wooden coffin for burial Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Death Rituals Continued ▪ Burial in home cemetery or in community church cemetery ▪ Death is a normal transition of life ▪ May present as stoic—although loss is keenly felt Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Spirituality ▪ No regional or national church ▪ Districts divided into 30 to 50 families or 200 to 300 people ▪ All religious leaders are male, volunteered, and untrained ▪ National committee may be used for some decisions affecting other communities Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Spirituality Continued ▪ Corporate worship is the norm with faith-related behavior, not individual wishes. ▪ Salvation is ultimately individual. ▪ If engaged in sinful activity, can rejoin the church after proper penitence. ▪ Church officials may be sought in healthcare matters. Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Spirituality ▪ Healthcare decisions are ultimately an individual matter ▪ Want to have a decision in healthcare matters— just ask me/us ▪ Health promotion is a family/individual affair Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Healthcare Practices ▪ Healthcare knowledge is passed among and between families by the women ▪ No health insurance but communities share and have the Amish Aid Society ▪ Some places give a discount because of cash payment ▪ Cost of procedures may be a deciding factor to have the procedure done Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Healthcare Practices Continued ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ Herbal treatments Self-medication Abwaarde—minister by being present Achtgewwe—helping others and is many times gender- and age-related Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Healthcare Practices Continued ▪ Brauche or sympathy curing, laying on of warm hands, or powwowing and is similar to Native American practices ▪ Abnemme—failure to thrive and child is taken to a healer who may perform incantations ▪ Aagwachse or livergrown, grown together caused by jostling buggy rides Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Healthcare Practices Continued ▪ Usually stoical with pain and physical discomfort ▪ “Physically or mentally different” are fully accepted into the community without stigma. ▪ Time off for illness is acceptable. Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Healthcare Practitioners ▪ Braucher or traditional healer first and may be men or women ▪ Use reflexology and massage as well as herbal therapies ▪ Western healthcare practitioners, nurses, physicians, dentists are outsiders, but use them when needed and trusted Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition African Americans Larry Purnell, PhD, RN, FAAN Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition African American ▪ Second largest “minority” group in the United States. ▪ Negro, black, Black American, person of color, and colored: Depends on the individual. ▪ African American does not necessarily mean you have black skin—it is a term to denote that the person has pride in both the African and American heritage Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition African American ▪ Much diversity among this group in terms of the variant cultural characteristics. ▪ Half live in the Southern United States with large numbers living in large cities in the North. ▪ Most came to the United States involuntarily with the slave trade from Africa. Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Education and Occupation ▪ Great inequities in educational opportunities in the past, and this still continues in some areas of the United States with inferior schools and lack of economic and human resources. ▪ High drop-out rates from school due to pregnancy, socioeconomics, and family responsibilities. Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Education and Occupation Continued ▪ Less well represented in managerial and professional occupations. ▪ High employment in “blue collar” positions and factories increase risks for cancer and poorer health status—steel and tire industries and other hazardous occupations. Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Communications ▪ Black English dialect where the “th” is pronounced like “de” = dese for these. ▪ Gullah, a Creole language spoken by African Americans who come from the Georgia Coast and South Carolina. A dialect originating from Africa and is really a combination of two other languages. ▪ Spoken in other places in the world. Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Communications Continued ▪ Highly verbal and expressive with family and trusted friends. ▪ Do not air your dirty laundry. ▪ Dynamic loud speech pattern may be perceived as aggression or anger. ▪ Touch easily among family and trusted friends. Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Communications Continued ▪ Expressive nonverbal communications. ▪ Comfortable with close physical distance between conversants. ▪ Direct eye contact can be seen as aggression, especially by elders and lower socioeconomic persons—can be a way of protection, especially in times past. ▪ Culture of “being in becoming” and relaxed with time and have a linear sense of time and are polychronic. Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Communications Continued ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ More formal with names in the beginning. Use appropriate titles. Family name is highly respected. People respected by community may be called aunt, uncle, cousin, mother, etc. Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Family ▪ Traditionally matriarchal out of necessity during times of slavery. Now more egalitarian but great variation. ▪ Single parenting creates more matriarchal families. ▪ Gender roles are easily inter-changeable. ▪ Cooperative teamwork is valued and the “norm”. Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Family Continued ▪ Value self-reliance and education. ▪ Families try to protect their children from street violence, but society prevails during teen years and attempts may be seen as futile. ▪ Employment at an early age is encouraged to develop self-survival and self-reliance skills—also help with chores. Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Family Continued ▪ Many see the future as having limited opportunities if from the lower educational and socioeconomic levels. ▪ Value the Afrocentric Framework—although some do not know them by name. Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Afrocentric Framework Nguzo Sabo ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ Umojo—unity Kujichagula—self-determination Ujimaa—cooperative economics Ujima—collective work and responsibility Kuumba—creativity Nia—purpose Imani—faith Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Family Continued ▪ Elders, especially grandmothers, are respected. ▪ Not uncommon for grandparents to assist with and/or raise grandchildren. ▪ Extended family is important and cousins and nephews, etc. are considered nuclear family—so are “non-blood relatives”. Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Family Continued ▪ Minimal to no stigma for single parenting. ▪ High HIV and AIDS occurrence due to IV drug use and sexual activity. ▪ Lesbians and gays accepted but not talked about for fear of increased stigma and rejection. Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Biocultural Ecology ▪ Different assessment techniques required to detect cyanosis, pallor, rashes, and jaundice. ▪ Overgrowth of connective tissue leading to keloids. ▪ Long bones are longer, bone density is greater than that of Asians, Hispanics, and European-Americans. ▪ Greater incidence of birthmarks. Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Biocultural Ecology Continued ▪ Leading cause of death among males is homicide. ▪ Violence in inner city neighborhoods. ▪ High morbidity and mortality due to hypertension —renin-angiotensin syndrome. ▪ Cirrhosis and diabetes rates are also high. Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Biocultural Ecology Continued ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ Sickle cell anemia Glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase deficiency Lactose deficiency Prostate cancer due to enzyme level detection Colon tumors are deeper within the colon Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Biocultural Ecology Continued ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ Less responsive to beta-blockers More responsive to monotherapy Less responsive to mydriatic dilation High frequency for psychosis and low frequency for depression Higher doses of neuroleptics Higher incidence of side effects for psychotropics and tricyclics Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Nutrition ▪ Symbol for health and wealth ▪ Accept food; otherwise you reject the person ▪ Food considered important for controlling high blood and low blood ▪ Soul food is high in fat and sodium with fatback used frequently Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Nutrition Continued ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ Children introduced to solid food early Milk, vegetables, and meat are strength foods Diet frequently low in Vitamins A and C and iron High-carbohydrate diet leads to obesity Overweight is seen as positive Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Childbearing Practices ▪ Oral contraceptives is the most common method of birth control ▪ Mother and grandmother are the primary advisors for pregnancy and childbearing practices ▪ Consume your craving during pregnancy or the baby will be marked Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Childbearing Practices Continued ▪ Geophagia, eating non food substances, can lead to iron and potassium deficiency ▪ A few believe that a pregnant woman should not have her picture taken because it will capture the baby’s soul ▪ Do not take pictures while pregnant because it can cause a stillbirth Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Childbearing Practices Continued ▪ After delivery avoid cold air and get plenty of rest ▪ Umbilicus may be wrapped or have a coin placed on it to prevent protruding outward— for some it is a means of protection from evil. Practice is rare but still occurs among some. Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Death Rituals ▪ Death does not end the connection between people, can communicate with the dead person’s spirit ▪ Some believe in voodoo death in that death or illness can come to a person through supernatural forces ▪ Voodoo is also known as root work, mojo, spell, fix, or black magic Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Death Rituals ▪ Body must be kept intact after death—I came into this world with all of my body parts and I intend to leave this world with all of my body parts ▪ Falling out due to extreme emotional response. However the person can still hear and understand ▪ Express grief openly and publicly with eulogies at funerals is common Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Spirituality ▪ The Black Church is the Black Community ▪ Religion is taken seriously; expect to receive a message in church ▪ Group singing and public testimonials ▪ Most are Baptist or Methodist although they belong to all religious groups including Nation of Islam and Seventh Day Adventist Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Spirituality Continued ▪ Use prayer for all situations ▪ Many believe in laying on of hands while praying—power of being able to heal ▪ May speak in tongues ▪ Inner strength comes from faith in God—it is “God’s Will” —fatalism Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Healthcare Practices Health-Seeking Behaviors ▪ The world is a very hostile and dangerous place to live ▪ The individual is open to attack from external forces ▪ The individual is considered to be a helpless person who has no internal resources to combat such an attack and therefore needs outside assistance Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Healthcare Practices ▪ May be suspicious of outsider healthcare professionals and therefore see a physician or nurse only when absolutely necessary ▪ Natural and unnatural illnesses ▪ May receive care from a “root doctor” simultaneously with biomedical practitioners Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Healthcare Practices Continued ▪ Have a tendency to take medicine on an “asneeded” basis ▪ Barriers to health care include affordability, accessibility, acceptability, adaptability, and past discrimination ▪ Some believe “no pain, no illness” ▪ Able to enter the sick role with ease Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Healthcare Practices Continued ▪ Illness brings the family together ▪ Low rates of organ donation due to lack of information, racism, religion, distrust, and fear of organ being taken prematurely ▪ Blood transfusion acceptable unless religion forbids it Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Healthcare Practitioners ▪ Folk practitioners can be grandmothers, respected women or elders in the community, church leaders, root doctors, or voodoo priests and priestesses, who remove hexes ▪ Some may prefer a care provider of the same gender Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach, 4th Edition Healthcare Practitioners Continued ▪ Folk practitioners are held in high esteem and used by all socioeconomic levels of African Americans ▪ Prefer Western healthcare providers who are known to the family or community ▪ Must establish trust to be effective in return visits Copyright © © 2008 2013 F.A. Davis Company Copyright F.A. Davis Company
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African American and Amish heritage

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African American and Amish heritage

1. Discuss the cultural development of the African American and Amish heritage in the United States.

2. What are the cultural beliefs of the African American and Amish heritage related to health care and how they influence the delivery of evidence-based healthcare?

A minimum of 2 evidence-based references in APA style no older than 5 years is required. A minimum of 500 words (excluding the first and references page) is required. Grammar and spelling will be count when grading the answers.

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Ethical Issues in Research

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Ethical Issues in Research

As you develop a research proposal, you must consider the ethical issues related to it.

Determine the ethical considerations related to the research question you developed in Week 1.

Consider the seven main principles of ethical research introduced in this week’s learning activity, Research Ethics Guidance:

Explore the National Institutes of Health Patient Recruitment web page to understand the seven guiding principles of ethical medical research.

Search the Office for Human Research Protections website to understand its role in research.

  • Social and clinical value
  • Scientific validity
  • Fair subject selection
  • Favorable risk-benefit ratio
  • Independent review
  • Informed consent
  • Respect for potential and enrolled subjects

Summarize the ethical issues related to your topic in one of the following format: 900-word paper

Cite at least one peer-reviewed and one evidence-based resource in APA format.

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Assignment

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Assignment

1-which of the following behaviors may be (1) ethical but illegal, (2) legal but unethical, (3) illegal and unethical, and (4) legal and ethical.

A. Working in a clinic that performs abortions

b. Respecting the wishes of a client suffering from ALS that he be permitted to die with dignity and not placed on “breathing machines”

c. Respecting the health surrogate’s wishes regarding termination of life support of her friend

d. Observing a coworker take out two tablets of oxycodone as ordered for pain management for his patient but keeping one for himself, administering only one tablet to the patient.

2-differentiate among the following: deontological theories, utilitarianism, and principlism.

3-what do you think about health-care professionals disclosing information to clients about a poor prognosis, even though the information may cause severe distress.

4-What do they think about health-care professionals disclosing information to clients against family wishes?

5. You see a colleague use another nurse’s password to access the medication administration system and take out a narcotic. What would you do?

6.Your colleague’s child fell and was brought to the emergency department. She comes back up to the unit and tells you that they cleaned and debrided the wound, and she needs to change the dressings twice a day using a wet to dry method. You see her go into the supply system and remove the dressings and saline using a patient’s identification number. What would you do?

7. You are caring for a patient who has a terminal disease. He asks you if he is dying. Would you tell him? If yes, how? If no, what might you say? .

8-You are administering hydromorphone to a patient. The patient asks you what you are administering. Would you tell the patient about the medication?

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Community health nursing roles

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Community health nursing roles

This APA paper is expected to be no more than four pages in length (not including the title page and reference list). Below are the requirements for successful completion of this paper. Please use the recommended APA Template linked below, which incorporates the following categories as the first level headings on your paper. APA formatting helps you to organize your paper in a professional manner and provides consistent methods for citing your sources and completing your reference page. See the documents in the APA category in Course Resources for assistance with APA formatting. The Student Success Strategies resource has great sections on writing scholarly papers and APA formatting.

  1. The role for this paper must be on Forensic Nursing.
  2. Click to view and download the NR443 Community Settings APA (see template below) to complete your paper. The template is formatted with the appropriate running head, title page, page numbers, paragraph formatting, and most of the headings. Please edit the headers and title page with your specific information. You are also encouraged to view the Week 4 assignment tutorial found at the end of the Academic Integrity Reminder.
  3. Read the chapter of your textbook on the role and take notes based on the outline below.
  4. Locate and read at least one scholarly peer-reviewed journal article that is not assigned in the course related to a nurse’s role in health promotion in this setting. Search peer reviewed journals to find a scholarly article on this topic. The article must be less than 10 years old (less than 5 years is best).
  5. Thoroughly address the following categories using the APA Template that is provided.
  • Introduction (one paragraph):
  • The introduction should be interesting and capture the reader’s attention.
  • Introduce the assigned community health nurse role and a community setting where this nurse may work.
  • Introduce your community and where/how this CHN role is utilized in your community
  • Identify population(s) served by this role in your community
  • Include a purpose statement
  • Community Setting (two to three paragraphs)
  • Describe a practice setting for the assigned CHN role.
  • Describe the population(s) served in this setting.
  • Discuss three health services provided by the assigned CHN role in this setting.
  • You may use your textbook or an outside scholarly source to address these sub-points.
  • Health Promotion Nursing Intervention (two to three paragraphs)
  • Describe in detail health promotion intervention(s) of the assigned CHN role specific to the community setting identified.
  • Identify people/organizations/community members this CHN role may collaborate with in health promotion interventions.
  • Include one peer-reviewed journal article discussed that clearly relates to nursing health promotion intervention.
  • Professional Nursing Organization (two paragraphs)
  • Provide a detailed description of a professional nursing organization that supports nurses in this role in your own words. Search the text, your article, or the Internet for one professional organization that supports nurses in this role. If you can’t find an organization specific to this group, search the American Nurses Association (ANA) website for information on this role. Cite the organization in the body of the text with (organization name, year), and include a complete reference on the reference page.
  • Discuss one professional issue that this organization is addressing related to this CHN role.
  • Summary (one paragraph)

The summary reiterates key points about:

  • The CHN role and community setting
  • Health promotion intervention
  • Professional organization
  • Includes a concluding statement.
  • Reference Page:The reference page should start on a new page (insert a page break). All references should be cited within the body of the paper as (author or organization, year), and the full reference should be included in APA format on the reference page. A URL link alone is not an adequate reference. See the Chamberlain Guidelines for Professional Writing in the APA Folder in Course Resources for examples of properly formatted references.

Type Your Title Here

Type your one-paragraph introduction here, and remove all underlined writing. The introduction should be interesting and capture the reader’s attention. Introduce the assigned community health nurse role and a community setting where this nurse may work. Introduce your community and where/how this CHN role is utilized in your community. Identify population(s) served by this role in your community. Include a purpose statement.

See the APA file in Course Resources for additional writing resources such as the APA Annotated Paper and the Chamberlain Guidelines for Writing Professional Papers.

Community Setting

Describe the community setting in two to three paragraph. Include a description of a practice setting for the assigned CHN role and description of the population(s) served in this setting. Discuss three health services provided by the assigned CHN role in this setting. Support with textbook or scholarly source. Cite your source and include a complete reference on the reference page.

Health Promotion Nursing Intervention

Discuss the role of the assigned community health nurse role in health promotion (two to three paragraphs). Identify and describe one nursing intervention focused on health promotion that the CHN could implement in the community setting identified. Support this health promotion intervention with at least one peer-reviewed journal article and cite your source (Author[s], year) in the body of your paper. Include the full APA reference for the article(s) in the reference page. Describe in detail whom (i.e. people, organizations, community members) the nurse could collaborate with in order to implement this intervention.

Professional Nursing Organization

Describe a professional organization for this CHN role (two paragraphs). Search the text, your article, or the Internet for one professional organization that supports nurses in this CHN role. Provide a detailed description of this organization in your own words. If you can’t find an organization specific to this group, search the American Nurses Association website for information on this setting. Cite the organization in the body of the text with (Organization Name, year), and include a complete reference on the reference page. Describe one professional issue that this organization is addressing related to this role.

Summary

End with a summary and conclusion (one paragraph). In one well-developed paragraph, summarize important points from the body of your paper including the CHN role and setting you identified, the nurses’ roles in that setting, the professional organization, and the health promotion intervention you discussed. End with a concluding statement.

No matter how much space remains on the page, the references always start on a separate page (insert a page break after the conclusion so that the references will start on a new page).

References

Type your references in alphabetical order here using the hanging indents set up here. Include all references cited in your paper. This must include one scholarly peer-reviewed journal article that was discussed above. Also reference the professional organization you discussed (a URL link is not sufficient) and the text if you discussed it above. See your APA Manual and the resources in your APA folder in Course Resources for reference formatting.

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Nies, M. A., & McEwen, M. (2019). Community/Public health nursing: Promoting the health of populations (7th ed.). St.