Family health assessment Edie class

Family health assessment Edie class

FLORIDA NATIONAL UNIVERSITY

NURSING DEPARTMENT

RN TO BSN PROGRAM

COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING

FAMILY HEALTH ASSESSMENT

After you have read chapter 20 of the class textbook and review the PowerPoint presentation, choose a family in your community and conduct a family health assessment using the following questions below.

1. Family composition.

Type of family, age, gender and racial/ethnic composition of the family.

2. Roles of each family member. Who is the leader in the family? Who is the primary provider? Is there any other provider?

3. Do family members have any existing physical or psychological conditions that are affecting family function?

4. Home (physical condition) and external environment; living situation (this must include financial information). How the family support itself.

For example; working parents, children or any other member

5. How adequately have individual family members accomplished age-appropriate developmental tasks?

6. Do individual family member’s developmental states create stress in the family?

7. What developmental stage is the family in? How well has the family achieve the task of this and previous developmental stages?

8. Any family history of genetic predisposition to disease?

9. Immunization status of the family?

10. Any child or adolescent experiencing problems

11. Hospital admission of any family member and how it is handled by the other members?

12. What are the typical modes of family communication? It is affective? Why?

13. How are decisions make in the family?

14. Is there evidence of violence within the family? What forms of discipline are use?

15. How well the family deals with crisis?

16. What cultural and religious factors influence the family health and social status?

17. What are the family goals?

18. Identify any external or internal sources of support that are available?

19. Is there evidence of role conflict? Role overload?

20. Does the family have an emergency plan to deal with family crisis, disasters?

Identify 3 nursing diagnosis and develop a short plan of care using the nursing process.

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Please present a summary of your assessment in an APA format on a 12 Arial font, word document attached to the forum in the discussion tab of the blackboard title “family assessment” for evidence-based practice references besides the class textbook to sustain your grading and in Turnitin to verify originality. Please use at least 3 scholarly assessment. A minimum of 1000 words are required, excluding the first and reference page (Websites can be used but will not count toward grading). 2 replies to any of your peer’s assessment/posting are required sustained with the proper references. You must identify two family problems and present a nursing care plan using the nursing process addressing the problems.

The assignment must be posted in the discussion tab of the blackboard for your peers to discuss and in Turnitin to verify originality.

Due date: Sunday July 7th, 2019 @ 11:59 PM

If you have any questions, please contact me via e-mail as soon as possible.

Nuclear Family Assessment Paper

Nuclear Family Assessment Paper

After you have read chapter 20 of the class textbook and review the PowerPoint presentation, choose a family in your community (TRADITIONAL,NUCLEAR FAMILY) and conduct a family health assessment using the following questions below.

1. Family composition.

Type of family, age, gender and racial/ethnic composition of the family.

2.Roles of each family member.Who is the leader in the family?Who is the primary provider?Is there any other provider?

3.Do family members have any existing physical or psychological conditions that are affecting family function?

4.Home (physical condition) and external environment; living situation (this must include financial information).How the family support itself.

For example; working parents, children or any other member

5.How adequately have individual family members accomplished age-appropriate developmental tasks?

6.Do individual family member’s developmental states create stress in the family?

7.What developmental stage is the family in?How well has the family achieve the task of this and previous developmental stages?

8.Any family history of genetic predisposition to disease?

9.Immunization status of the family?

10.Any child or adolescent experiencing problems

11.Hospital admission of any family member and how it is handled by the other members?

12.What are the typical modes of family communication?It is affective?Why?

13.How are decisions make in the family?

14.Is there evidence of violence within the family?What forms of discipline are use?

15.How well the family deals with crisis?

16.What cultural and religious factors influence the family health and social status?

17.What are the family goals?

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18.Identify any external or internal sources of support that are available?

19.Is there evidence of role conflict?Role overload?

20.Does the family have an emergency plan to deal with family crisis, disasters?

Identify 3 nursing diagnosis and develop a short plan of care using the nursing process.

Collaborative learning assignment

Collaborative learning assignment

This is a CLC assignment.

As a group, observe the simulated “Home Visit With Sallie Mae Fisher” video (http://lc.gcumedia.com/zwebassets/courseMaterialPages/nrs410v_vp01Alt.php).

Refer to “Sallie Mae Fisher’s Health History and Discharge Orders” for specifics related to the case study used to inform the assignment.

Using “Home Visit With Sallie Mae Fisher” and “Sallie Mae Fisher’s Health History and Discharge Orders,” complete the following components of this assignment:

Essay Portion

After viewing the home visit, write an essay of 500-750-words in which you do the following:

  1. Identify, prioritize, and describe at least four problems.
  2. Provide substantiating evidence (assessment data) for each problem identified.
  3. Identify and describe at least four medical and/or nursing interventions.
  4. Discuss your rationale for the interventions identified.

Prepare this step of the assignment according to the APA guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

Scripted Dialogue Portion

Utilizing the information learned from the home visit, health histories, and discharge orders, write a scripted dialogue in which you provide Sallie Mae with education that describes her problems and the interventions identified to improve her condition. Consider Sallie Mae’s physiological, psychosocial, educational, and spiritual needs when developing your dialogue.

Your dialogue should resemble a script. The following is an example of a few sentences from a scripted dialogue:

Nurse: “Good morning, Salle Mae, my name is ______ and I will be your nurse today. I understand you are experiencing problems with ________.”

APA format is not required for this part of the assignment, but solid academic writing is expected.

Refer to “Home Visit With Sallie Mae Fisher Grading Criteria.”

Entire Assignment

You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Refer to the directions in the Student Success Center. Only Word documents can be submitted to LopesWrite.Home Visit With Sallie Mae Fisher Grading Criteria REQUIREMENTS: Possible Actual Essay Portion ______ 1) Identified and prioritized at least four problems from the simulated home visit with Salle Mae. 2) Summarized each problem identified with evidence to substantiate findings (assessment data). 10 ______ 20 ______ 3) Identified and discussed at least four medical and/or nursing interventions to meet client needs. 40 4) Provides rational for interventions identified. Discussion of rationale includes support from outside resources (current evidence-based literature). 80 ______ Scripted Dialogue Portion 1) Utilizes information learned from the home visit, health history, and discharge orders presented in the simulation to develop a patient dialog. 2) Dialog addresses physiological, psychosocial, educational, and spiritual needs of the client. 10 ______ 20 ______ 10 ______ 10 ______ Format/Style 1) Essay Portion Prepare this step of the assignment according to the APA guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

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Information is paraphrased and not copied/pasted from other sources, including dictionaries, textbooks, e-books, and electronic links. 2) Scripted Dialogue Portion APA format is not required for this part of the assignment, but solid academic writing is expected. Total: Total______pts / 100 x 200=_______% of grade © 2013. Grand Canyon University. All Rights Reserved. 200 Sallie Mae Fisher’s Health History and Discharge Orders Sallie Mae Fisher Health History Ms. Fisher is an 82-year-old female with a history of chronic congestive heart failure (CHF), atrial fibrillation, and hypertension. During the last 6 months, she has been hospitalized four times for exacerbation of her CHF. She was discharged home last Saturday from the hospital after a 3-day stay to treat increased dyspnea, an 8-pound weight gain, and chest pain. Ms. Fisher is recently widowed and lives alone. She has a daughter, Thelma Jean, who lives in town but works full time and has family issues of her own. Therefore, family support is limited. Hospital Discharge Instructions • Mountain Top Home Health to evaluate cardio-pulmonary status, medication management, and home safety. • Medical Equipment Company to deliver oxygen concentrator and instruct patient in use. O2 at 2 liters per nasal prongs PRN. • Prescriptions given at discharge: o Digoxin 0.25 mg once a day o Lasix 80 mg twice a day o Calan 240 mg once a day • Order written to continue other home meds. Sallie Mae’s Home Medication List • Zocar 50 mg once a day • Minipres 1 mg once a day • Vasotec 10 mg twice a day • Prilosec 20 mg once a day • Furosemide 40 mg once a day • Effexor 37.5 mg at bedtime • Lanoxin 0.125 mg every other day • Multivitamin once a day • Potassium 40 mEq once a day • Ibuprofen 400 mg q 4 hours as needed for pain • Darvocet N 100 mg q 4 hours as needed for pain • Nitroglycerin ointment, apply 1 inch every day © 2013. Grand Canyon University. All Rights Reserved.
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Discussion questions Essay

Discussion questions Essay

Discussion 1: How has the patient’s control over his/her own health care changed? (Consider the question in terms of different perspectives.Technology, people, insurance, communication, family, etc.to create a well rounded answer.)

Discussion 2: What part does negotiation play in patient education?

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** each discussion post needs to be at least a paragraph with reference**

Patient Education Essay

Patient Education Essay

Write a short (50-100-word) paragraph response for each question. This assignment is to be submitted as a Microsoft Word document.

  1. Define negotiation as it applies to patient education.
  2. Explain how the change in the patient’s status through the years has affected patient education.
  3. List the pros and cons of negotiation.
  4. Describe the general conditions that would be included in a patient contract.
  5. Discuss old age and the baby boomer.

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  6. List several generational, religious, and cultural differences between the 30-year-old health care professional and the elderly patient.
  7. Explain some of the barriers to patient education of the elderly and discuss their special needs.
  8. List ways to best approach patient education of the elderly.
  9. Discuss some cultural and religious beliefs about death that you have encountered.
  10. Explain why it is important to discuss death and dying with the elderly patient and what the impact is on all involved.
  11. Explain how to teach a patient with a life-threatening illness.

GCU Week 4 Chest X Ray Mucor Pathophysiologic Progression Discussion Question

GCU Week 4 Chest X Ray Mucor Pathophysiologic Progression Discussion Question

Use the image in “Discussion Question Resource: Chest X-Ray” to answer the following Critical Thinking Questions.

Examine the x-ray of a patient diagnosed with pneumonia due to infection with Mucor. Refer to the “Module 4 DQ Chest Xray” resource in order to complete the following questions.

Critical Thinking Questions

  1. Explain what Mucor is and how a patient is likely to become infected with Mucor. Describe the pathophysiologic progression of the infection into pneumonia and at least two medical/nursing interventions that would be helpful in treating the patient.
  2. Examine the laboratory blood test results and arterial blood gases provided in “Discussion Question Resource: Laboratory Blood Test Results.” What laboratory values are considered abnormal? Explain each abnormality and discuss the probable causes from a pathophysiologic perspective.
  3. What medications and medical treatments are likely to be prescribed by the attending physician on this case? List at least three medications and three treatments. Provide rationale for each of the medications and treatments you suggest.Use the image in “Discussion Question Resource: Chest X-Ray” to answer the following Critical Thinking Questions.Examine the x-ray of a patient diagnosed with pneumonia due to infection with Mucor. Refer to the “Module 4 DQ Chest Xray” resource in order to complete the following questions.Critical Thinking Questions
    1. Explain what Mucor is and how a patient is likely to become infected with Mucor. Describe the pathophysiologic progression of the infection into pneumonia and at least two medical/nursing interventions that would be helpful in treating the patient.

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    2. Examine the laboratory blood test results and arterial blood gases provided in “Discussion Question Resource: Laboratory Blood Test Results.” What laboratory values are considered abnormal? Explain each abnormality and discuss the probable causes from a pathophysiologic perspective.
    3. What medications and medical treatments are likely to be prescribed by the attending physician on this case? List at least three medications and three treatments. Provide rationale for each of the medications and treatments you suggest.

Older Adults Patient Education Issues in Health Care System Essay

Older Adults Patient Education Issues in Health Care System Essay

Write a 500‐750‐word essay on the influence patient education has in health care using the experiences of a patient. Interview a friend or family member about that person’s experiences with the health care system. You may develop your own list of questions.

Suggested interview questions:

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  1. Did a patient education representative give you instructions on how to care for yourself after your illness or operation?
  2. Did a health care professional, pharmacist, nurse, doctor, or elder counselor advise you on your medication, diet, or exercise?
  3. Who assisted you at home after your illness or operation?
  4. Do you know of any assistance services, i.e., food, transportation, medication, that would help you stay in your home as you get older?

Academy for Practical Nursing Formulating Hypotheses Peer Response

Academy for Practical Nursing Formulating Hypotheses Peer Response

1——–The relationship between independent and dependent variables is the basis for formulating hypotheses for correlational, quasi-experimental, and experimental studies” (Grove, Gray, & Burns, 2015, p. 153). Independent variables can be changed (controlled, manipulated) by the person doing the research to see what effect it has on the dependent variable (Grove et al., 2015). The dependent variable is measured to see what the results or the outcome is for the study. In a study on SBIRT (screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment), the dependent variable would be substance use (alcohol or drug use), and the independent variables would include screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment. “The independent variable must be clearly defined, often by a protocol, so that it can be implemented precisely and consistently as an intervention in a study”, according to Grove et al. (2015, p. 152). Unfortunately, extraneous variables can affect the measurement of this type of study because there are barriers to providing SBIRT, for example, inaccurate screening techniques, missed opportunities to provide a brief intervention or referral to treatment, and patients may or may not want to quit using drugs or alcohol. “Extraneous variables exist in all studies and can affect the measurement of study variables and the relationships among these variables” (Grove et al., 2015, p. 154).

In addition, there is also environmental variables, which includes the environment where the study takes place (Grove et al., 2015). With SBIRT, this could include not having a place to put a counselor in the department, so SBIRT may not be performed. In some studies, descriptive or correlational studies (qualitative and a few kinds of quantitative studies), the researcher may want to see how the study plays out without controlling the extraneous variables. “If a researcher is studying humans in an uncontrolled or natural setting, it is impossible and undesirable to control all the extraneous variables” (Grove et al., 2015, p. 154). The researcher can control some of these variables by educating staff on correct screening techniques or using iPads to screen patients, can make sure someone is assigned to meet with each patient who screens positive for SBIRT to provide an intervention, and to make sure referrals are given at the time of the visit. However, the researcher cannot make the patient want help. “If change is implemented, there is an ethical and moral responsibility of the health care provider to evaluate the quality of patient outcomes derived from the change” (McLaughlin, & Sanchez, 2017, p. 101). Accuracy and validity of data is important, so that changes are made based on good, solid evidence. It is important for the change agent to use variables that will produce an answer for the question (PICOT) in his or her study.

2—-Lets briefly review the difference between independent and dependent variables. An independent variable represents a number that can be changed in an experiment. Alternately, a dependent variable reflects a quantity that depends on how the independent variable is influenced. Khan Academy (2019) offers the following example to give further definition to the two examples “you are doing chores to earn your allowance. For each chore you do, you earn $3”. In this example, the independent variable would be the number of chores you do and the dependent variable would be the amount of money that is earned.

My capstone project is related to how education can reduce 30-day readmission rates related to heart failure. In this topic, the independent variable would be the education of heart failure and the dependent variable would be 30-day readmission rates. This is related to the topic of education being influenceable, where the 30-day readmission rate is directly dependent on the independent variable of education. It’s important to appreciate the values of dependent and independent variables in order to ascertain the outcome of our projects. To be effective predictors, independent variables need to have a strong correlation with the dependent variable (Grove & Cipher, 2017). With this in mind, it’s important to appreciate how the independent and dependent variables come together to form a cohesive research finding. Why this is so important is to relate conclusive findings to our research to promote validation. Without the data to back up our findings, the research that we have done doesn’t hold the same scientific weight and thus doesn’t promote a necessity for change.

3—The two main variables in an experiment are the independent and dependent variable. An independent variable is a variable that is changed or controlled in a scientific experiment to test the effects on the dependent variable. A dependent variable is a variable being tested and measured in a scientific experiment. To transform single-input affine systems into linear control systems, one suggests using control-dependent changes of the independent variable. It shows that the use of such changes of variables in conjunction with feedback linearization enables one to linearize systems to which known linearization methods do not apply. The reason for collecting this variable, it is proven that a linearizing change of independent variable can be found by solving a system of partial differential equations. The approach developed in the paper is applied to the construction of solutions of terminal problems Fetisov, (2017).

4– Statistical significance testing and clinical trials” by one author provides a thought-provoking and critical discussion of the conventional analytical testing in clinical research. The author argues that, by focusing exclusively on mean differences between groups and their statistical significance, relevant information about the individual participant is ignore. The writer also, calls for a different methodology that examines client covariates with the outcome and then compares the treatment outcome distributions and their overlaps for each of the covariate-defined subgroups. The problem is well described, and the possible solutions articulated well. However, the problem the author is tackling stays at the initial stage of a multilevel problem Hofmann, S. G. (2011).

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One of the central issues argument relates to client characteristics. Clinical researchers typically deal with populations that are defined by a medical classification system that categorizes people, with a different history, course of illness, and etiology, as well as cultural and social feature, into a diagnostic group that is defined based on more-or-less arbitrary symptom patterns. I will use clinical significance to support positive outcomes in my project by collecting data from reputable databases. I will also make sure the evidence-based practices are in collaborate throughout my project. Even the complex issues that future generations of clinical researchers will have to tackle, and that will likely take away the best results.

minimum of 70 words per response with proper in-text citation and references

CUNY Kingsborough College Patients with Schizophrenia Quality of Life Paper

CUNY Kingsborough College Patients with Schizophrenia Quality of Life Paper

In nursing practice, accurate identification and application of research is essential to achieving successful outcomes. Being able to articulate the information and successfully summarize relevant peer-reviewed articles in a scholarly

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fashion helps to support the student’s ability and confidence to further develop and synthesize the progressively more complex assignments that constitute the components of the course change proposal capstone project. For this assignment, the student will provide a synopsis of eight peer-reviewed articles from nursing journals using an evaluation table that determines the level and strength of evidence for each of the eight articles. The articles should be current within the last 5 years and closely relate to the PICOT statement developed earlier in this course. The articles may include quantitative research, descriptive analyses, longitudinal studies, or meta-analysis articles. A systematic review may be used to provide background information for the purpose or problem identified in the proposed capstone project. Use the “Literature Evaluation Table” resource to complete this assignment. While APA style is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and in-text citations and references should be presented using APA documentation guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion. Literature Evaluation Table Student Name: Change Topic (2-3 sentences): Criteria Author, Journal (PeerReviewed), and Permalink or Working Link to Access Article Article Title and Year Published Research Questions (Qualitative)/Hypothesis (Quantitative), and Purposes/Aim of Study Design (Type of Quantitative, or Type of Qualitative) Setting/Sample Article 1 Article 2 Article 3 Article 4 Methods: Intervention/Instruments Analysis Key Findings Recommendations Explanation of How the Article Supports EBP/Capstone Project Criteria Author, Journal (PeerReviewed), and Permalink or Working Link to Access Article Article Title and Year Published Research Questions (Qualitative)/Hypothesis (Quantitative), and Purposes/Aim of Study Design (Type of Quantitative, or Type of Qualitative) Setting/Sample Methods: Intervention/Instruments Analysis Key Findings Recommendations Explanation of How the Article Supports EBP/Capstone Article 5 Article 6 Article 7 Article 8 Literature Evaluation Table – Rubric No of Criteria: 13 Achievement Levels: 5 Criteria Achievement Levels Description Percentage Unsatisfactory 0-71% 0.00 % Less Than Satisfactory 72-75% 75.00 % Satisfactory 76-79% 79.00 % Good 80-89% 89.00 % Excellent 90-100% 100.00 % Article Selection 100.0 Author, Journal (Peer-Reviewed), and Permalink or Working Link to Access Article 5.0 Author, journal (peer-reviewed), and permalink or working link to access article section is not included. Author, journal (peer-reviewed), and permalink or working link to access article section is present, but it lacks detail or is incomplete. Author, journal (peer-reviewed), and permalink or working link to access article section is present. Author, journal (peer-reviewed), and permalink or working link to access article section is clearly provided and well developed. Author, journal (peer-reviewed), and permalink or working link to access article section is comprehensive and thoroughly developed with supporting details. Article Title and Year Published 5.0 Article title and year published section is not included. Article title and year published section is present, but it lacks detail or is incomplete. Article title and year published section is present. Article title and year published section is clearly provided and well developed. Article title and year published section is comprehensive and thoroughly developed with supporting details. Research Questions (Qualitative) or Hypothesis (Quantitative), and Purposes or Aim of Study 10.0 Research questions (qualitative) or hypothesis (quantitative), and purposes or aim of study section is not included. Research questions (qualitative) or hypothesis (quantitative), and purposes or aim of study section is present, but it lacks detail or is incomplete. Research questions (qualitative) or hypothesis (quantitative), and purposes or aim of study section is present. Research questions (qualitative) or hypothesis (quantitative), and purposes or aim of study section is clearly provided and well developed. Research questions (qualitative) or hypothesis (quantitative), and purposes or aim of study section is comprehensive and thoroughly developed with supporting details. Design (Type of Quantitative, or Type of Qualitative) 5.0 Design (type of quantitative, or type of qualitative) section is not included. Design (type of quantitative, or type of qualitative) section is present, but it lacks detail or is incomplete. Design (type of quantitative, or type of qualitative) section is present. Design (type of quantitative, or type of qualitative) section is clearly provided and well developed. Design (type of quantitative, or type of qualitative) section is comprehensive and thoroughly developed with supporting details. Setting or Sample 5.0 Setting or sample section is not included. Setting or sample section is present, but it lacks detail or is incomplete. Setting or sample section is present. Setting or sample section is clearly provided and well developed. Setting or sample section is comprehensive and thoroughly developed with supporting details. Methods: Intervention or Instruments 5.0 Methods: Intervention or instruments section is not included. Methods: Intervention or instruments section is present, but it lacks detail or is incomplete. Methods: Intervention or instruments section is present. Methods: Intervention or instruments section is clearly provided and well developed. Methods: Intervention or instruments section is comprehensive and thoroughly developed with supporting details. Analysis 10.0 Analysis section is not included. Analysis section is present, but it lacks detail or is incomplete. Analysis section is present. Analysis section is clearly provided and well developed. Analysis section is comprehensive and thoroughly developed with supporting details. Key Findings 10.0 Key findings section is not included. Key findings section is present, but it lacks detail or is incomplete. Key findings section is present. Key findings section is clearly provided and well developed. Key findings section is comprehensive and thoroughly developed with supporting details. Recommendations 10.0 Recommendations section is not included. Recommendations section is present, but it lacks detail or is incomplete. Recommendations section is present. Recommendations section is clearly provided and well developed. Recommendations section is comprehensive and thoroughly developed with supporting details. Explanation of How the Article Supports EBP or Capstone 10.0 Explanation of how the article supports EBP or capstone section is not included. Explanation of how the article supports EBP or capstone section is present, but it lacks detail or is incomplete. Explanation of how the article supports EBP or capstone section is present. Explanation of how the article supports EBP or capstone section is clearly provided and well developed. Explanation of how the article supports EBP or capstone section is comprehensive and thoroughly developed with supporting details. Presentation 10.0 The piece is not neat or organized, and it does not include all required elements. The work is not neat and includes minor flaws or omissions of required elements. The overall appearance is general, and major elements are missing. The overall appearance is generally neat, with a few minor flaws or missing elements. The work is well presented and includes all required elements. The overall appearance is neat and professional. Mechanics of Writing (includes spelling, punctuation, grammar, and language use) 10.0 Surface errors are pervasive enough that they impede communication of meaning. Inappropriate word choice or sentence construction is employed. Frequent and repetitive mechanical errors distract the reader. Inconsistencies in language choice (register) or word choice are present. Sentence structure is correct but not varied. Some mechanical errors or typos are present, but they are not overly distracting to the reader. Correct and varied sentence structure and audience-appropriate language are employed. Prose is largely free of mechanical errors, although a few may be present. The writer uses a variety of effective sentence structures and figures of speech. The writer is clearly in command of standard, written, academic English. Documentation of Sources (citations, footnotes, references, bibliography, etc., as appropriate to assignment and style) 5.0 Sources are not documented. Documentation of sources is inconsistent or incorrect, as appropriate to assignment and style, with numerous formatting errors. Sources are documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, although some formatting errors may be present. Sources are documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is mostly correct. Sources are completely and correctly documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is free of error. Total Percentage 100
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CC Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Urinary Obstruction Case Study Paper

CC Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Urinary Obstruction Case Study Paper

Urinary Obstruction Case Studies The 57-year-old patient noted urinary hesitancy and a decrease in the force of his urinary stream for several months. Both had progressively become worse. His physical examination was essentially negative except for an enlarged prostate, which was bulky and soft. Studies Routine laboratory studies Intravenous pyelogram (IVP) Uroflowmetry with total voided flow of 225 mL Cystometry Electromyography of the pelvic sphincter muscle Cystoscopy Prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) Prostate specific antigen (PSA) Prostate ultrasound Results Within normal limits (WNL) Mild indentation of the interior aspect of the bladder, indicating an enlarged prostate 8 mL/sec (normal: >12 mL/sec) Resting bladder pressure: 35 cm H2O (normal:

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15-20 mg/dL) 120 min: 6 mg/dL (normal: >20 mg/dL) Lactose tolerance, Small bowel series, No change in glucose level (normal: >20 mg/dL rise in glucose) Constriction of multiple segments of the small intestine Diagnostic Analysis The child’s small bowel series is compatible with Crohn disease of the small intestine. Intestinal absorption is diminished, as indicated by the abnormal D-xylose and lactose tolerance tests. Absorption is so bad that she cannot absorb vitamin B12. As a result, she has vitamin B12 deficiency anemia. She was placed on an aggressive immunosuppressive regimen, and her condition improved significantly. Unfortunately, 2 years later she experienced unremitting obstructive symptoms and required surgery. One year after surgery, her gastrointestinal function was normal, and her anemia had resolved. Her growth status matched her age group. Her absorption tests were normal, as were her B12 levels. Her immunosuppressive drugs were discontinued, and she is doing well. Critical Thinking Questions 1. Why was this patient placed on immunosuppressive therapy? 2. Why was the Meckel scan ordered for this patient? 3. What are the clinical differences and treatment options for Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn’s Disease? (always on boards) 4. What is prognosis for patients with IBD and what are the follow up recommendations for managing disease?
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