Topic 1 QD 1 and QD 2

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Topic 1 QD 1 and QD 2

250-300 words AND 1-2 references

no double space, no APA format, no name, just the answers.

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QD 1.

What is your idea of a healthy community? Provide specific examples. What do healthy communities have in common? How would you provide care for a community if your idea of a healthy community does not match your community’s definition of a healthy community?

QD 2.

Consider the different communities to which you belong:

What is the geopolitical community in you live? Why is it geopolitical?
What is a phenomenological community to which you belong? Why is it a phenomenological community?
What would some challenges and benefits be for community health nurses in providing care for different communities? For similar communities? For the same community? What are some possible solutions to the challenges?
What, if any, global health issues are present in your community? Are there any ethnic sub-communities within your community? What considerations need to be addressed?
Tags: writing skills nursing references details BSN 250-300 words

Paragraph 5

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Paragraph 5

Please write a Paragraph answering to this discussion below with your opinion. Please include citations and references in alphabetical order in case of another source.

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The important elements of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) is the availability of health insurance to millions of Americans who did not previously qualify for insurance. Prior to healthcare reform individuals could not get health care coverage with pre-existing conditions and insurance companies could drop you from your plan without warning if a person falls sick. Insurance companies also showed bias based on a person’s gender or socioeconomic status. However, with the ACA, individuals are able to buy insurance irrespective of their pre-existing conditions, and their premiums cannot be higher because of their age, gender, or medical history. Also, patients will be able to receive routine/preventative health care at no cost. “The Affordable care act bans lifetime and most annual dollar coverage limitations, the use of preexisting condition exclusions, and excessive waiting periods (i.e., longer than 90 days), and requires the use of “modified community rating” so that prices can vary only to a limited degree based on age, as well as by family size and tobacco use. The law also guarantees the right to internal and external impartial appeal procedures when coverage is denied, and requires insurers to cover routine medical care as part of clinical trials involving cancer and life-threatening illnesses (Rosenbaum, 2011).”

Starting in 2014, most adults under age 65 with incomes up to about $15,000 per year for single individual (higher income for couples/families with children) will qualify for Medicaid in every state. Families of four or more who do not make over 80,000 a year and their job doesn’t offer affordable insurance may be eligible for tax credit to help pay for insurance (MACMH, 2018).

The nurses’ role in the new healthcare reform is educating patients and becoming a resource on how health insurance can be accessed through the ACA. Individuals can be referred by the nurse to the website healthcare.gov, where they can shop at the marketplace for the best insurance plans. Nurses can support families and communities to get healthy. They can also advocate for free preventative healthcare services. The ACA allows individuals joining a new healthcare plan to receive recommended preventative care services with no out of pocket costs. Nurses should obtain the information needed to effectively communicate how to access healthcare insurance and reach as many uninsured people as possible (Wakefield, 2013).

References:

Wakefield, M. (2013, December 21). https://www.reflectionsonnursingleadership.org/fea…

Topic 4 DQ 1

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Topic 4 DQ 1

Please write a paragraph with your opinion based on the text bellow. Please include citations and references in case you need to used for the question:

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When interviewing a patient, the nurse must always take into consideration the patients culture. Violating cultural norms may jeopardize a professional relationship. Because cultural beliefs vary from country to country and sometimes region to region, ask the person about culturally relevant aspects of male-female relationships at the beginning of the interview (Jarvis, 2016). In many cultures, it is not unusual for a female to refuse to be examined by a male and vice versa. When interviewing Mrs. Li, the nurse most consider the Asian culture. For example, in the Asian culture it is very common to share information among family members, good health is achieved through proper balance of yin and yang, diseases are classified as hot or cold, they may complain about drawing blood, and may not complain about what is bothering them. All these factors affect the interview by the nurse and the nurse must respect their beliefs (Fundamentals of Nursing, 2011). It is imperative that all nurses become culturally sensitive to all patients.

The abuse assessment screen is the oldest short domestic violence screening tool. It is still used today. The Abuse Assessment Screen was developed for the detection of abuse during pregnancy. It consists of five questions. The tool has been translated into six languages, and it also includes body maps for documentation of injuries. Here are the 5 questions asked during this screening:

1. Have you ever been emotionally or physically abused by your partner or someone important to you?

2. Within the last year, have you been hit, slapped, kicked, or otherwise physically hurt by someone?

3. Since you have been pregnant, were you hit, slapped, kicked, or otherwise physically hurt by someone?

4. Within the last year, has anyone forced you to have sexual activities?

5. Are you afraid of your partner or anyone you listed above?

Domestic violence is widely recognized to be a public health issue of epidemic proportions. One in four U.S. women will be abused by an intimate partner during her life-time (WHEC). If the nurse suspects that Mrs. Li has been abused, they have the right to provide Mrs. Li with information on how to get help. The nurse can give information on local resources or hotlines to call for help and assistance. Unlike child and elder abuse, it is not mandatory to report suspected domestic abuse in adult males and females. Many times, when there is abuse, the patients will deny it, make up stories, or fail to report it.

References

Taylor, Carol., Lillis, Carol., LeMone, Priscilla., Lynn, Pamela., (2011). Fundamentals of

Nursing. The Art and Science of Nursing Care. Seventh Edition. Wolters Kluwer

Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

Womens Health and Education Center. Violence Against Women. Retrieved from:

http://www.womenshealthsection.com/content/vaw/vaw011.php3

Tags: nursing topic

User generated content is uploaded by users for the purposes of learning and should be used following Studypool’s honor code & terms of service.

Topic 4 DQ 1

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Topic 4 DQ 1

Please write a paragraph with your opinion based on the text bellow. Please include citations and references in case you need to used for the question:

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During initial assessment of Ms. Li, it is important for the health care provider to perform a cultural assessment to determine current cultural practices and language barriers. It is important to check for understanding. The health care provider may determine that Ms. Li is more reserved and avoids eye contact as this can be a sign of disrespect in Asian culture. It is important for the health care provider to establish a professional role an assume authority. Ms. Li may need reassurance that all information provided on assessment will be kept private. The health care provider should be patient and consider silence as moments for reflection on information that has been discussed. They should provide clear and full information and be attentive of non-verbal cues. Lastly, the health care provider should address immediate needs and give corrective advise.

The abuse assessment screen is a tool utilized by health care providers to quickly assess for signs of abuse during assessment. This tool is designed to assess for domestic violence, abuse during pregnancy, and abuse to women with disabilities. It is comprised of three to five questions and each question assesses current emotional, sexual, and physical abuse and the frequency and severity of the abuse. This assessment should be completed by the health care provider when they are alone with the patient.

If abuse is discovered during assessment the nurse should take a non-judgmental and open approach by listening, communicating belief, validating the decision to disclose, and emphasizing the unacceptability of violence. The nurse must assess the immediate safety of the patient, contact authorities, and work with the interdisciplinary team to ensure the patient has a safety place to discharge to. The nurse should also provide community resources such as shelters and refer counseling services.

References

American Psychiatric Association. (2018). Working with Asian American Patients. Retrieved from https://www.psychiatry.org/psychiatrists/cultural-…

Crisis Prevention Institute. (2018). Domestic Violence: What can Nurses do? Retrieved from https://www.crisisprevention.com/Blog/September-20…

The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (2017). Abuse Assessment Screen. Retrieved from https://www.acog.org/About-ACOG/ACOG-Departments/W…

Epidemiology Paper

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Epidemiology Paper

Write a paper (2,000-2,500 words) in which you apply the concepts of epidemiology and nursing research to a

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communicable disease. Refer to “Communicable Disease Chain,” “Chain of Infection,” and the CDC website for assistance completing this assignment.

Communicable Disease Selection

Choose one communicable disease from the following list:

Chickenpox
Tuberculosis
Influenza
Mononucleosis
Hepatitis B
HIV
Ebola
Measles
Polio
Influenza
Epidemiology Paper Requirements

Address the following:

Describe the communicable disease (causes, symptoms, mode of transmission, complications, treatment) and the demographic of interest (mortality, morbidity, incidence, and prevalence). Is this a reportable disease? If so, provide details about reporting time, whom to report to, etc.
Describe the determinants of health and explain how those factors contribute to the development of this disease.
Discuss the epidemiologic triangle as it relates to the communicable disease you have selected. Include the host factors, agent factors (presence or absence), and environmental factors. (The textbook describes each element of the epidemiologic triangle). Are there any special considerations or notifications for the community, schools, or general population?
Explain the role of the community health nurse (case finding, reporting, data collecting, data analysis, and follow-up).
Identify at least one national agency or organization that addresses the communicable disease chosen and describe how the organization(s) contributes to resolving or reducing the impact of disease.
Discuss a global implication of the disease. How is this addressed in other countries or cultures? Is this disease endemic to a particular area? Provide an example.
A minimum of three peer-reviewed or professional references is required.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to Turnitin. Please refer to the directions in the Student Success Center.

Epidemiology Question

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Epidemiology Question

Attached pls find the Communicable Disease Chain

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Write a paper (2,000-2,500 words) in which you apply the concepts of epidemiology and nursing research to a communicable disease. Refer to “Communicable Disease Chain,” “Chain of Infection,” and the CDC website for assistance completing this assignment.

Communicable Disease Selection

Choose one communicable disease from the following list:

Chickenpox
Tuberculosis
Influenza
Mononucleosis
Hepatitis B
HIV
Ebola
Measles
Polio
Influenza
Epidemiology Paper Requirements

Address the following:

Describe the communicable disease (causes, symptoms, mode of transmission, complications, treatment) and the demographic of interest (mortality, morbidity, incidence, and prevalence). Is this a reportable disease? If so, provide details about reporting time, whom to report to, etc.
Describe the determinants of health and explain how those factors contribute to the development of this disease.
Discuss the epidemiologic triangle as it relates to the communicable disease you have selected. Include the host factors, agent factors (presence or absence), and environmental factors. (The textbook describes each element of the epidemiologic triangle). Are there any special considerations or notifications for the community, schools, or general population?
Explain the role of the community health nurse (case finding, reporting, data collecting, data analysis, and follow-up).
Identify at least one national agency or organization that addresses the communicable disease chosen and describe how the organization(s) contributes to resolving or reducing the impact of disease.
Discuss a global implication of the disease. How is this addressed in other countries or cultures? Is this disease endemic to a particular area? Provide an example.
A minimum of three peer-reviewed or professional references is required.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide

​Chronic Disease Health Promotion and Maintenance/for adults age 35–65

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​Chronic Disease Health Promotion and Maintenance/for adults age 35–65

Chronic Disease Health Promotion and Maintenance/for adults age 35–65

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Chronic Disease

Pick One chronic disease from the list below. Write a 2–3-page paper discussing the concepts of health promotion, health maintenance, health restoration and health teaching to an adult patient with this chronic disease. Be sure to integrate Evidence Based Practice into your discussion.

  • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
  • Hypertension
  • Coronary Artery Disease
  • Diabetes Mellitus
  • Rheumatoid Arthritis
  • Heart Failure
  • Depression
  • Thyroid Disease

To view the Grading Rubric for this Assignment, please visit the Grading Rubrics section under Course Resources.

Assignment Requirements

Before finalizing your work, you should:

  • be sure to read the Assignment description carefully (as displayed above)
  • consult the Grading Rubric (under Course Resources) to make sure you have included everything necessary
  • utilize spelling and grammar check to minimize errors

Your writing Assignment should:

  • follow the conventions of Standard English (correct grammar, punctuation, etc.)
  • be well ordered, logical, and unified, as well as original and insightful
  • display superior content, organization, style, and mechanics
  • use APA 6th Edition format for organization, style, and crediting sources.

How to Submit

Submit your Assignment to the unit Dropbox before midnight on the last day of the unit.

When you are ready to submit your Assignment, click the Dropbox tab and select this unit’s basket from the dropdown menu, then attach your file. Make sure to save a copy of your work and be sure to confirm that your file uploaded correctly.

Reducing Hospital Readmissions with Telephone Follow-ups

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Reducing Hospital Readmissions with Telephone Follow-ups

Chamberlain College of Nursing NR451 RN Capstone Course Capstone Project Milestone 1: Practice Issue and

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Evidence Summary Worksheets For Use July 2018 Student Name: Rosa Yanez Date: DIRECTIONS 1. 2. 3. 4. Refer to the guidelines for specific details on how to complete this assignment. Type your answers directly into the worksheets below. Submit to the Dropbox by the end of Week 3, Sunday at 11:59 p.m. MT. Post questions about this assignment to the Q & A Forum. You may also email questions to the instructor for a private response. Practice Issue Worksheet List the topic and include the citation for the systematic review you have selected from our approved list (optional: an additional scholarly source of support): Hospital Readmissions Leppin, A. L., Gionfriddo, M. R., Kessler, M., Brito, J. P., Mair, F. S., Gallacher, K., & … Montori, V. M. (2014). Preventing 30-day hospital readmissions: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials. JAMA Internal Medicine, 174(7), 1095-1107. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2014.1608 What is the nursing practice issue you have identified related to the topic you have chosen? Are patients who receive adequate discharge planning, follow up appointments, medication reconciliation and home care services less likely to be re-admitted to the hospital within 30 days of discharge versus those who do not. Fully describe the scope of the practice issue: Readmission has been a problem in the healthcare fields for a long time and the level of readmission has increased in the recent years. This increase has led to the need to identify the ways and the factors that can be applied to help in the reduction of re-hospitalization. To this end, the provision of follow up appointments, home care services, medical reconciliation and others have been identified to help in the reduction of readmission. The issue will compare the use and the lack of use for patient to observe the outcome. NR451 W3 MS1 Practice Issue and Evidence Summary Worksheets 7/2018 DP 1 Chamberlain College of Nursing NR451 RN Capstone Course What is the practice area? _X_ Clinical ___ Education ___ Administration ___ Other (List): How was the practice issue identified? (check all that apply) ___ Difference between hospital and community practice _X__ Safety/risk management concerns ___ Clinical practice issue is a concern __X_ Unsatisfactory patient outcomes ___ Procedure or process is a time waster ___ Wide variations in practice ___ Clinical practice issue has no scientific base __X_ Significant financial concerns __ Other: Describe the rationale for your checked selections: Readmission covers a wide range of concerns and the checked concerns are the primary ones associated with this practice issue. For instance, the cost of readmissions to the health care system is substantial. Hospital are financially penalized for high rates of readmissions. Some readmissions are preventable, and that being readmitted is undesirable for most patients, reducing avoidable readmissions presents a potentially large opportunity to reduce cost, improve quality, and improve the patient experience simultaneously. What evidence must be gathered? (check all that apply) _X_ Literature search _X_ Clinical Expertise _X_ Guidelines ___ Financial Analysis ___ Expert Opinion _X_ Standards (Regulatory, professional, community) ___ Patient Preferences ___ Other NR451 W3 MS1 Practice Issue and Evidence Summary Worksheets 7/2018 DP 2 Chamberlain College of Nursing NR451 RN Capstone Course Describe the rationale for your checked selections: Literature research is essential in gathering data on the various trends that have been observed by other scholars in the rates of readmission on hospitals and specifically to certain diseases. Additionally, guidelines from scholars and approved manuals are important as they demonstrate what is considered the best practice in such cases. Expert opinion would be gathered from hospital management, nurses and doctors, it would be invaluable in giving a localized view of the issue at the hospital level. Experts are often at par with current research and have first hand experience in the field. Regulatory standards and legal provisions are paramount in this research since they show the direction that facilities are expected to turn in case of certain cases. They could demonstrate weakness in facility practices or they themselves could have fundamental flaws. The regulations that are relevant are those that pertain to hospital discharge procedures and cases of return patients. These regulations and procedures can be from the government or industrial bodies and policies. EVIDENCE SUMMARY WORKSHEET Directions: Please type your answers directly into the worksheet. Describe the practice problem in your own words with reference to the identified population, setting and magnitude of the problem in measurable terms: The main problem is that the number of patients who were being readmitted after 30 days was increasing from 1990 to 2013. The situation was affecting the effectiveness of the treatment services which were being offered in hospitals. As a measure of the problem tested interventions were introduced in the process and it was found out that in 42 cases there was a drop of patient readmission by 1.6 times when the tested intervention was used as compared to a situation where no test was conducted. Type the complete APA reference for the systematic review article you chose from the list provided. It must be relevant to the practice issue you described above. Include the APA reference for any additional optional supplemental scholarly source related to the review you wish to use. Leppin, A. L., Gionfriddo, M. R., Kessler, M., Brito, J. P., Mair, F. S., Gallacher, K., & … Montori, V. M. (2014). Preventing 30-day hospital readmissions: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials. JAMA Internal Medicine, 174(7), 1095-1107. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2014.1608 Identify the objectives of the article: NR451 W3 MS1 Practice Issue and Evidence Summary Worksheets 7/2018 DP 3 Chamberlain College of Nursing NR451 RN Capstone Course To synthesize the evidence of the efficacy of interventions to reduce early hospital readmissions and identify intervention features—including their impact on treatment burden and on patients’ capacity to enact post-discharge self-care—that might explain their varying effects. Provide a statement of the questions being addressed in the work and how these relate to your practice issue: Summarize (in your own words) the interventions the author(s) suggest to improve patient outcomes. The author suggests on the introduction of the tested interventions to improve the situation. In this case when patients come to hospital complete test should be conducted within 24 hours to identify the issue. From the test then the right treatment should be given to the patient. With the right treatment then it means that cases of readmission will be reduced at the end. The fact is right identification of the issue will mean that the problem in question can be handled on time and effectively making sure that the patient is not readmitted. Giving post discharge care becomes easy. The use of supportive discharge interventions aimed at avoiding readmissions. Summarize the main findings by the authors of your systematic review including the strength of evidence for each main outcome. Consider the relevance to your project proposal for the Milestone 2 project paper. (If an optional supplemental source is also used, include a statement of relevance to it as well.) It was found out that after conducting the randomized trials there was positive and also effective responses as to the use of the tested intervention as it reduced risk of 30 day readmission. With this it was found out that with effective intervention it was easy to enact the post discharge care. As the main evidence and strength of the finding it aligns with CuCoM finding which argued that provision of comprehensive patient support reduce early hospital readmission. With this it aligns with the proposal which aims at reducing readmission cases. Outline evidence-based solutions that you will consider for your project. Post-acute care services Follow up appointments Medical reconciliation Home care services Discuss any limitations to the studies that you believe impacts your ability to utilize the research in your project. NR451 W3 MS1 Practice Issue and Evidence Summary Worksheets 7/2018 DP 4 Chamberlain College of Nursing NR451 RN Capstone Course The studies were conducted in single academic center which means the applicability is limited. A wide array of centers would have given better results as compared to single source. The scale used to measure the intervention is not very clear. It means that even the results can have a problem. NR451 W3 MS1 Practice Issue and Evidence Summary Worksheets 7/2018 DP 5 Running head: TYPE SHORT TITLE IN ALL CAPS Title Your Name Chamberlain College of Nursing NR451 RN Capstone Course Term and Year 1 TYPE SHORT TITLE IN ALL CAPS 2 Your title here This paragraph(s) is to introduce the paper. State the problem and potential solutions backed by evidence. Briefly, introduce the nursing focused plan. Remember this is a scholarly APA assignment so you cannot use first person. Remember also that you will keep all the bolded headings and just remove the non-bolded content when you start your paper. Change Model Overview In this first paragraph, provide an overview of the ACE Star model Evidence-Based Practice Process. Feel free to state why nurses should use this model as a guide to facilitate change. Under each of the second level headers listed below, you now link your identified topic to the ACE Star model EBP Process. Define the Scope of the EBP Restate your practice issue. Why is this a problem? Give statistics and information to back the scope of the problem at your facility/work area. How does this problem impact healthcare on a broader scale? Stakeholders You will be the leader of the team since this is your project. Who will you also include in your team? Make sure you choose relevant stakeholders. You should have no more than eight members. Do not list your team members by name but instead by position (pharmacists, charge nurse, etc.). Determine Responsibility of Team Members Why are the members chosen important to your project? What are their roles? Evidence TYPE SHORT TITLE IN ALL CAPS 3 Conduct internal/ external search for evidence. What type of evidence did you find in addition to you Evidence Summary? EBP guidelines? Quality improvement data? Position statements? Clinical Practice Guidelines? Briefly discuss the strength of this research. This is not where you describe the results of your studies. This is done in the following steps. Summarize the Evidence In this section, you need to synthesize the information from the systematic review article. What are some of the evidence-based interventions you discovered in your Evidence Summary that do you plan to use? Be sure and cite all of your references, in proper APA format, from any and all articles into this one paragraph. Develop Recommendations for Change Based on Evidence What is your recommendation based on the research? Ideally, you will have found enough support in your evidence to proceed with implementing your pilot program. Translation Action Plan You have not implemented your project yet, therefore, this section will be hypothetical. Develop your plan for implementation. What are the specific steps you will take to implement your pilot study? What is the timeline for your plan? Make sure you include a plan for evaluation of outcomes and method to report the results. Process, Outcomes Evaluation and Reporting What are the desired outcomes? How will they be measured? How will you report the results to the key stakeholders? Identify Next Steps TYPE SHORT TITLE IN ALL CAPS 4 How will you implement the plan on a larger scale? Will this be applicable to other units or the facility as a whole? What will you do to ensure that the implementation becomes permanent? Disseminate Findings How will you communicate your findings internally (within your organization) and externally (to others outside of your organization)? Conclusion Provide a clear and concise summary. Review the key aspects of the problem as well as the change model. Be sure to include important aspects of the five points of the ACE Star change model EBP process and ways to maintain the change plan. TYPE SHORT TITLE IN ALL CAPS 5 References
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Group discussion Part 1 and 2

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Group discussion Part 1 and 2

Discussion 2

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Betty, the chief nursing officer, had to make a decision about buying 120 new hospital beds for patient rooms. After she interviewed nurse mangers at the units where the beds were going to be placed, Betty compiled her findings and decided to contact a well-known equipment company to obtain prices and contracts. The equipment company’s executive salesperson, Jim, discussed options at length with her and invited her and her significant other to an upcoming all-expenses-paid lavish retreat at a five-star hotel in Hawaii to see demonstrations of the beds and to hear a comprehensive sales pitch. Betty thought to herself, “We badly need some relaxation and stress relief. Hawaii would be so much fun. Would it be wrong for us to go?”

If you were Betty, what would you do? Give your rationale. Justify your answer with an ethical framework—a theory, approach, or principle.
Do you consider this situation a conflict of interest? Why or why not? Give your rationale.
What policies, if any, should be in place regarding a scenario such as this one? Do you have any such policies in place at work for similar situations? Do such policies impact day-to-day activities in any way? Explain( 350-450words) ……* Discussion 2 : Write about failing to take responsibility for injurious practices. Examples in nursing. (150-250 words)

APA Format, No Plagiarism, Discussion Board with with two responses

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APA Format, No Plagiarism, Discussion Board with with two responses

Instructions: Minimum word count of 250 words excluding references. Each response should be supported by two

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references. References should be peer-reviewed, scholarly and professional. References should not be older than 5 years. Responses in the forum should be in APA format. Please answer the following question: Research the topic of “Patient Portals” associated with Electronic Health Records (EHR). Perhaps the EHR at your facility has an attached or integrated Patient Portal where patients can communicate back and forth with their provider (physician or mid-level or physician’s office personnel). Discuss quality and safety advantages, disadvantages and potential problems which may be associated with Patient Portal use and what can be done proactively to avoid those problems. Discussion board Instructions 4345 Post a scholarly response to two peer postings. Each response should be supported by two references. References should be peer-reviewed, scholarly and professional. References should not be older than 5 years. Responses in the forum should be in APA format. Minimum 200 word not including references. QUESTIONS: Healthcare information technology is identified as an essential tool for advancing improvement in patient outcomes. Nurses, physicians, interprofessional teams, patients and families rely increasingly on HIT to communicate, manage information, mitigate error potential, and make informed decisions. Describe how HIT can be used to improve patient outcomes. (Do not choose as your topics the following: smart pumps, bar-coded medication administration or monitors interfaced to automatically document in the EHR. Be more creative in your topic choice.) Please Respond to the following discussion board# 1: Since the first personal digital assistant (PDA) came about in 1993 by Apple and 1996 by Palm Pilot (Zeldes, n.d) technology has grown leaps and bounds. Just think electrocardiograms used to be done using three wires and suction cups to having it print out in seconds to having mobile health (mHealth). MHealth has many different takes on assistance to help serve clinicians and patient for better outcomes on managing medical care and treatments. Using mHelath devices like smart phones, tablets or laptops helps to decrease visits to the office or hospitals, “increase medication/treatment compliance, improve information access, providers are able to have access to newest and greatest treatments by way of evidence-base practice” (Macskill, 2015). mHealth has made improvements on how to help patients have a better quality of life. Some of the things that have come about the emerging mHealth are wearable devices/sensors, imaging from afar, and lab on a chip (Steinhubl, Muse, and Topol, 2015). Patients with heart failure (HF) have been using mobile devices in managing HF on outpatient bases. With the use of smart phones, tablets or laptops, patients have showing improved self-management, improved quality of life (QOL) and lower mortality (Cajita, Hodgson, Budhathoki, and Han, 2017). Some of the disadvantages of using mhealth in older adults is they have poor vision, poor memory, decreased dexterity and are not tech savvy (Cajita, Hodgson, Budhathoki, and Han, 2017). Patients with HF class IV, sudden cardiac death (SCA), cardiac transplant wait list, post myocardial infarction and non-ischemic cardiomyopathy, can wear this ZOLL LifeVest wearable defibrillator to help bridge them until they have a more definitive plan of care (ZOLL, n.d-a. b.). The LifeVest is to be worn at all times except when bathing. The LifeVest is has sensing electrodes and self-gelling defibrillator electrodes inside to detect cardiac rhythm that is designed to detect ventricular tachycardia (VT) or ventricular fibrillation (VF). It is designed to shock the patient if VT is longer than 30 seconds (Reek, Burri, Roberts, Perings, Epstein and Klein, (2017). ReferencesCajita, MI., Hodgson, NA., Budhathoki, C., and Han, H. (2017). Intention to use mhelath in older adults with heart failure. Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. 32(6) pp E1-E7. DOI: 10.1097/0000000000000401. Macskill, R. (2015, February 03). The benefits of mobile health strategies. mHealth Intelligence. Retrieved on August 7, 2018 from https://mhealthintelligence.com/news/the-benefits-of- mobilehealth-strategies.Reek, S., Burri, H., Roberts, PR., Perings, C., Epstein, AE., and Klein, HU., (2017). The wearable cardioverter-defibrillator: current technology and evolving indications. European Society of Cardiology. Europace 2017: 19. 335-345. Doi: 10.1093/europace/euw180 Steinbul, SR., Muse, ED., and Topol, Ej. (2015). The emerging field of mobile health. Sci Transl Med. 2015 Apr 15: 7(283): 283 rv3. Doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaa3487. Retrieved on August 7, 2018.Zeldes, N. (n.d.) The first PDA – Nathan Zeldes. Retrieved on August 6, 2018 from . www.nzeldes.com/HOC/Newton.htm. a. ZOLL (n.d). ZOLL lifevest. Retrieved on August 7, 2018 from https://lifevest.zoll.com/about-us/. b.ZOLL (n.d.) ZOLL lifevest wearable defibrillator. Retrieved on August 7, 2018 from https://lifevest.mymarketingbench.com/…/1/21-90020000/20C0027LAM.pdf. Question: Describe healthcare information technology issues related to confidentiality, security and ethics. Include one example for each issue identified. Please respond to the following discussion board #2: As healthcare continues to expand its use of health technology, more risks and benefits are being identified. While technology makes sharing health information easier, cellphones and computers also pose a threat to information security and patient confidentiality. In order to protect this information, the government regulates how information can be shared. “As required by the Personal Health Information Protection Act (PHIPA), smartphones must be configured to operate in a secure manner when used to transmit or store personal health information” (Tran et al., 2014). These features include, “encryption of transmissions, password protection, and automated data wiping” (Tran et al., 2014). If providers’ phones don’t support this technology or they are using their personal cellphones they are risking information security. Although technology makes accessing information more efficient, the protection of patient information needs to be a standard for providers. All patients have the right to confidentiality which includes the right to have their information kept private. One study found that, although many medical students utilize cellphones for communication only 50% felt that they had been educated on appropriate use of patient information (Hall & McGraw, 2014). Without the proper training, providers may send messages containing patient identifiers and sensitive personal information which threatens patient confidentiality. Furthermore, technology can be an ethical challenge. Providers need to gain patient consent before sharing sensitive information. With the use of more technology, “patients frequently do not read or fully understand privacy policies, and consent shifts the burden of privacy protection to the patient, who may not be able to make meaningful privacy choices” (Hall & McGraw, 2014). If patients cannot fully understand what providers are asking, it is not ethical for them to share information. References Hall, J. L., & McGraw, D. (2014). For telehealth to succeed, privacy and security risks must be identified and addressed. Health Aff, 33(2), 216-21. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2013.0997. Tran, K., Morra, D., Lo, V., Quan, S. D., Abrams, H. & Wu, R. C. (2014). Medical students and personal smartphones in the clinical environment: The impact on confidentiality of personal health information and professionalism. J Med Internet Res, 16(5), 132. doi: 10.2196/jmir.3138.
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