Barriers to Cultural Competence Care

Barriers to Cultural Competence Care

EXAMINE YOUR BARRIERS TO CULTURAL COMPETENCE

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Respond to the prompts below in full sentences. Be sure to use standard English grammar and spelling:
Assess your own barriers to cultural competence.
Have you overcome these? If not, how do you plan to overcome them?
If you do not have barriers, why do you think you do not have them?
I am from Miami, I work in a hospital as an RN and I am bilingual

week 3 discussion replies

week 3 discussion replies

ama 100-150 on each discussion

discussion 1

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When thinking about sexuality and reproduction health we think of STI and STD prevention and teaching that helps individuals benefit their health in those areas. According to (CDC 24/7), we have to work towards preventing sexual violence, “when preventing this we have to define the problem, identify risk and protective problems, develop and test preventative strategies, and assure widespread adoption.” It is important for us as nurses to be aware of what the signs of sexual abuse are, and act appropriately when coming across these situations. As nurses we should implement safe words, questions to be asked, and remember that their abuser could be the one in the room with them. Talking with a patient by themselves is a good idea with these patients as well, so they feel safe to come out about what they need to. These are all nursing considerations we should implement. Preventing infections and teaching to practice safe sex are all things to keep our health up regarding sexuality and reproduction. It is important to remember that a further part of this is to keep up with physicals, make sure we get the yearly screenings and tests that are recommended of us. All of this together is to maintain our sexual health. When thinking of nursing interventions for screenings and such, we would want to educate patients on what how often they should get testings, offer support to converse about topics that could be difficult to talk about, and have systems that send out reminders to patients about when they need to schedule appointments.

References:

CDC and Prevention. 2018. Retrieved from:https://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/sexualviole…

brit

discussion 2

Sexuality is a normal part of life. No matter whom you are or where you are from, we all experience and recognize sexuality at some point. “Sexual health requires a positive and respectful approach to sexuality and sexual relationships, as well as the possibility of having pleasurable and safe sexual experiences, free of coercion, discrimination, and violence. For sexual health to be attained and maintained, the sexual rights of all persons must be respected, protected, and fulfilled.”(Swartzendruber & Zenilman, 2010). The way that I interpreted this statement is that, regardless of your culture, or your diversity, sexuality exists. However, with sexuality, comes possibility of poor health outcomes. These can include STDs, unplanned pregnancy, HIV & AIDS and poor reproductive health. According to (Swartzendruber & Zenilman, 2010) open public discussion is needed to change the stigma surrounding these sexual health issues. With that being said, us nurses have responsibilities and need to plan interventions to promote and maintain healthy and positive outcomes for our patients regarding sexuality. For starters, I feel education is important and should be a top priority. Providing our patients with proper education such as protection measures, STD screening and contraceptive options can be very beneficial. Educating our patients on necessary safety issues, and when they should be seen by their doctor is also important. Encouraging them to maintain their sexual health and to be seen annually is a great intervention. I think it is also important for us as nurses to be a listening ear to patients who may feel trapped or like they have no one to talk to regarding their sexuality and any issues tagging along with it. Essentially providing a safe environment, words of advice, and providing information for further help is another thing we as nurses can do.

Reference

Swartzendruber, A., & Zenilman, J. (2010). A national strategy to improve sexual health. JAMA: Journal of the American Medical Association, 304(9), 1005-1006. doi:10.1001/jama.2010.1252

Please respond to the following post with a paragraph

Please respond to the following post with a paragraph

Please respond to the following post with a paragraph, add citations and references.

The theoretical foundations of qualitative and quantitative methods are very different, but many researchers believe both methods should be used in the research study to increase validity and reliability. What advantages or disadvantages do you see in using both types of methods in a nursing study? Support your answer with current evidence-based literature.

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Please respond to the following paragraph with a paragraph

Please respond to the following paragraph with a paragraph

Please respond to the following paragraph with a paragraph, add citations and references

According to the textbook, nurses in various settings are adopting a research-based (or evidence-based) practice that incorporates research findings into their decisions and interaction with clients. How do you see this being applied in your workplace?

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Literature Evaluation Table for Nursing

Literature Evaluation Table for Nursing

Running head: CAPSTONE PROJECT BSR NRS 490V 1 CAPSTONE PROJECT 2 BSR Capstone Project Initiative Bedside

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shift report (BSR) is an exercise that enhances patient security, as well as improves the nature of care and lessens unnecessary human services expenses. It is one of the numerous systems healthcare facilities around the United States are taking to enhance patient security and also experience and contribution in their caring. Apart from being evidence-based practice, BSR is additionally observed to improve patient fulfillment scores, particularly on the communication with nurses. The objective behind this capstone is to assess the nurses’ attitudes after the usage of bedside shift report at a nearby healthcare facility. Additionally, it will evaluate the utilization of BSR with the help of the Logic Model. Setting The capstone undertaking will be followed on all the nursing units at 120-bed teaching on a local healthcare facility. The different units at this health center will be an emergency department, two intensive care units, an orthopedic unit, a birthing center, and pediatric unit, and lastly a medical telemetry unit. Description Patient safety is an essential issue in all parts of healthcare facilities. It is directly influenced by medical errors Poor or insufficient communication among the healthcare providers is one of the significant reasons for medical errors. BSR does not give nurses a chance to evaluate their patient with an associate outwardly and additionally incorporates patients in the exchange of their care services. Communication and medical errors profoundly affect patient safety daily. By diminishing these preventable errors, hospitals can enhance patient safety, CAPSTONE PROJECT 3 diminish high healthcare costs, and enhance patient fulfillment scores. BSR is one of the numerous ways that medicinal and communication errors can be decreased. Impacts The following are the impacts to the healthcare: a) Reduced time spent in shift report. b) Enhance patient with knowledge for their disease and care process. c) Reduced communication errors among providers. d) Nurses are encouraging each other to exercise shift report at the bedside. e) Nurses will exercise BSR during shift change. Significance Patient safety in the healthcare facility is a public health problem. This subject has numerous ramifications for general society, for medicinal services providers, therapeutic costs, and human services repayment. BSR is one strategy that influences all parts of patient security. The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) evidence that BSR is useful to all patients since it enhances these four critical areas: accountability and time management between nurses, nursing staff satisfaction, patient experience of care, patient quality and safety. Patient experience of care, patient safety, and quality are major essential parts and profoundly impact public health. As evident by many healthcare that has established BSR, it enhances the power of strengthening patient-nurse relationships (Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, 2013). Proposal It will be essential if various units build up a standard report sheet that each nurse will pursue. Making a lanyard that medical attendants could bear on their identifications will be another idea. The SBAR identification lanyard will be a visual suggestion to the nurses who CAPSTONE PROJECT 4 might not feel sure when giving the patient report, or for those who often neglect to give report utilizing SBAR. There may likewise be a requirement for additional training for the nurses on the SBAR afresh. Articles Summary 1. Williams, C. L. (January 03, 2018). A Comparison of the Risks and Benefits of Nursing Bedside Shift Report vs. Traditional Shift Report: A Systematic Review of the Literature. International Journal of Studies in Nursing, 3, 2, 40. The study compares the risks and benefits of BSR against traditional shift report (TSR). For a legitimate evidence-based outline, the findings were analyzed, and efficiently pieced utilizing the best four levels of evidence-based measures. Some of the examples provided by the article are risks of shift report and communication. It stresses the fact that guaranteeing appropriate correspondence is an essential part of nursing practice. It provides evidence backings on the utilization of BSR to decrease therapeutic errors, dangers, and enhance the care quality. 2. Ghosh, K., Curl, K., Goodwin, M., Morrell, P., & Guidroz, P. (2018). An exploratory study on how to improve bedside change-of-shift process: Evidence from one hospital using technology to support verbal reporting. Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 3180-3187.Available at: https://doi.org/10.24251/HICSS.2018.401 The article emphasizes the inefficiency in communication which massively adds to medical errors, inflicting patient safety, and care quality. The article uses qualitative content and thematic analysis to provide a clear proof on the importance of implementing CAPSTONE PROJECT 5 Bedside Change-of -Shift Process. Provides some information on why communication failures leading to medical errors ranked third cause of deaths in the U.S. Yes, it does support my topic since it emphasizes the need to Improve Bedside Change-of -Shift Process. 3. Miller, K. BA., Hamza, A., Metersky, K., Gaffney, D, M. (2018). Nursing transfer of accountability at the bedside: partnering with patients to pilot a new initiative in Ontario community hospitals. Patient Experience Journal: Vol. 5: Iss. 1 , Article 12. Available at: http://pxjournal.org/journal/vol5/iss1/12 The article emphasizes the need to improve the quality and safety of the patient experience and patient care via the patient’s engagement and bedside implementation. The article uses qualitative in establishing more profound comprehension of the effect and issues of bedside TOA for both patients and nurses. It provides patient engagement, communication, a patient experience which will be the central part of the capstone project. The article is in line with the proposed essence of BSR implementation by highlighting the importance and challenges in implementing bedside TOA from both patients/family members and nurses perspectives. 4. &NA;,. (January 01, 2014). Improving Client and Nurse Satisfaction Through the Utilization of Bedside Report. Journal for Nurses in Professional Development, 30, 4. Available at https://nursing.ceconnection.com/ovidfiles/01709760-201407000-00002.pdf It evaluates bedside report as a way of determining whether evidence support its utilization as a fundamental shift handover exercise that advances wellbeing and CAPSTONE PROJECT 6 encourages customer and medical attendant satisfaction. It used different evidence-based literatures that relates to BSR importance to the patients and the nurses. It provides client safety and satisfaction, communication errors and teamwork. It supports my research by providing BSR implementation through Lewin’s Theory of Planned Change. 5. Gregory, S. Tan, D. Tilrico, M. Edwardson, N. & Gamm, L. (2014). Bedside shift reports: What does the evidence say? The Journal of nursing administration, 44(10),541545. DOI: 10.1097 /NNA.0000000000000115. Retrieved from: http://www.researchgate.net/publication/265516718_Bedside_Shift_Reports_What_Does theEvidenceSay The article outlines a deliberate literature review of BSRs and acts as a component to relate the need for enhancing quality care and patient-centered consideration. The article used computerized search to combine all the evidence-based articles on BSR sustainability after implementation. It emphasizes the importance of communication, coaching and mentoring, and the provision of emotional support. It recommends the need to assess staff demeanors before and after BSR implementation that may be expected to maintain the desired change. 6. Bradley, S., & Mott, S. (2014). Adopting a patient-centered approach: an investigation into the introduction of bedside handover to three rural hospitals. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 23(13/14), 1927-1936 10p. doi:10.1111/jocn.12403 It empirically studies the process and outcomes of the implementation of nurse‐to‐nurse BSR handover in 3 rural South Australian healthcare. The article used ethnographic CAPSTONE PROJECT 7 interviewing and 7‐point Likert scale to obtain patient perceptions. The study provides that implementing bedside handover leads to a patient‐centered system. It does by demonstrating that both staff and patients take patients to be more engaged in their care as per the bedside handover system. 7. Tobiano, G., Whitty, J.A., Bucknall, T., & Chaboyer, W. (2017). Nurses’ perceived barriers to bedside handover and their implication for clinical practice. Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing, 14(5). https://doi.org/10.1111/wvn.12241 It explores barriers nurses go through in undertaking bedside handover. They conducted a cross‐sectional finding on 200 nurses recruited from two public and private Australian hospitals, employed on medical wards. It supports that inhibiting characteristics depicts that individual nurse and patient views, communication, or abilities hinders bedside handover. It supports my proposal since it establishes that barriers to bedside handover relate to individual patient factors and nurse factors, such as legal, political, and social factors. 8. Scheidenhelm, S., & Reitz, O.E. (2017). Hardwiring bedside shift report. The Journal of Nursing Administration, 47(3), 147-153. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1097/NNA.0000000000000457 The article emphasizes the need to increase nurse compliance with bedside report and increase patient satisfaction scores. It compared nurse compliance with bedside report pre-implementation and post-implementation. The article provides that post to utilizing change management strategy, bedside report, nurse compliance with bedside CAPSTONE PROJECT 8 report and patient satisfaction scores improved in both intervention units. It does support my proposal since it proves that change management strategy approach to BSR increases nurse compliance with the process, hence enhanced patient satisfaction. CAPSTONE PROJECT 9 References Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (2013). Strategy 3: Nurse Bedside Shift Report (Implementation Handbook). Available at: https://www.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/professionals/systems/hospital/engagin families/strategy3/Strat3_Implement_Hndbook_508.pdf Running head: PICOT 1 BSR PICOT Analysis NRS 490V PICOT 2 BSR PICOT Analysis Population and patients. The capstone reports a BSR among patients and nurses. A sum of 54 nurses was involved in the survey. Inclusion criteria are that the participants must be an enlisted nurse working within the local healthcare facility. The excluded participants from the study will be nurses who do not offer direct patient care or those who were in regulatory jobs, for example, a nurse instructor or manager. Intervention The primary intervention within the capstone is enhancing nurses’ attitudes towards BSR which is related to proper communication and medical error avoidance. The effect of medical errors on direct-care nurses is an appropriate practice-based issue justifying brief consideration with the end goal to encourage nursing administration’s mindfulness, comprehension, and capacity to help and bolster the nurse, as the second casualty, encountering individual and expert harm following a medical mistake. Comparison The comparison based on the bedside shift report versus a traditional report in a patients’ room. Unlike the traditional shift report, BSR stresses on improving patient safety, instead of quantity of care, which has dependably based on the conventional method. As an evidence-based practice, bedside shift report moreover observed to enhancing patient fulfillment scores, particularly on the point of communicating with nurses. According to the Agency for Healthcare and Research Quality (AHRQ), Nursing Bedside Shift Report express that the objective of BSR is to help guarantee the sheltered handoff of consideration between nurses by including the PICOT 3 patient and family (Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, 2013). By diminishing these preventable mistakes, health care centers can enhance patient security, decrease abundance social insurance costs, and enhance patient fulfillment scores. Outcomes. The outcomes are divided into three parts as follows: Long-Term Outcomes. 1. The healthcare will get CMS repayment due to an expansion in patient fulfillment scores. 2. The decrease in abundance expenses that are caused by sentinel occasions like falls. Intermediate Outcomes These are the outcomes that need to happen with the goal that long-term outcomes can occur. An instance of this will be a statement like health care will get an A review as per the Leap-Frog award for patient security since sentinel occasions, for example, patient falls have diminished throughout the healthcare facility. The moderate outcome in this instance is that there will be a decrease in sentinel occasions like patient falls. Short-Term Outcomes These are the outcomes that need to occur for the intermediate outcome to happen. They are typically changes in understanding, perceptions, feelings, attitudes, and knowledge of the nurses. For this rationale, if nurses have a superior comprehension of how to do bedside shift report, at that point they would have the capacity to inhibit sentinel occasions, for example, falls on their units. Subsequently, this will at that point prompt a general decrease of falls in the health care facility and a review A from the Leap-Frog Group association. PICOT 4 Test. The whole duration for carrying out the survey will be an aggregate of 3 weeks. Four weeks will be spent to develop the study and accumulate incentives for the event. The survey will be managed in paper format. A week before conducting the survey, an email will be conveyed to all bedside nurses showing them about the undertaking and contact data. Participants will additionally be enrolled through up close and personal collaborations and flyers around the units. PICOT 5 References Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (2013). Strategy 3: Nurse Bedside Shift Report (Implementation Handbook). Retrieved from https://www.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/professionals/systems/hospital/engagin gfamilies/strategy3/Strat3_Implement_Hndbook_508.pdf Literature Evaluation Table Student Name: Change Topic (2-3 sentences): Criteria Author, Journal (PeerReviewed), and Permalink or Working Link to Access Article Article 1 Article 2 Article 3 Article 4 Williams, C. L. (January 03, 2018). A Comparison of the Risks and Benefits of Nursing Bedside Shift Report vs. Traditional Shift Report: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Internati onal Journal of Studies in Nursing, 3, 2, 40. Ghosh, K., Curl, K., Goodwin, M., Morrell, P., & Guidroz, P. (2018). An exploratory study on how to improve bedside change-of-shift process: Evidence from one hospital using technology to support verbal reporting. Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 31803187.Available at: https://doi.org/1 0.24251/HICSS. 2018.401 Miller, K. BA., Hamza, A., Metersky, K., Gaffney, D, M. (2018). Nursing transfer of accountability at the bedside: partnering with patients to pilot a new initiative in Ontario community hospitals. Patient Experience Journal: Vol. 5: Iss. 1 , Article 12. Available at: http://pxjournal.org/ journal/vol5/iss1/12 &NA;,. (January 01, 2014). Improving Client and Nurse Satisfaction Through the Utilization of Bedside Report. Journal for Nurses in Professional Development, 30, 4. Available at https://nursing.c econnection.co m/ovidfiles/017 0976020140700000002.pdf Article Title and Year Published Research Questions (Qualitative)/Hypothesis (Quantitative), and Purposes/Aim of Study © 2015. Grand Canyon University. All Rights Reserved. Design (Type of Quantitative, or Type of Qualitative) Setting/Sample Methods: Intervention/Instruments Analysis Key Findings Recommendations Explanation of How the Article Supports EBP/Capstone Project Criteria Author, Journal (PeerReviewed), and Permalink or Working Link to Access Article Article 5 Article 6 Article 7 Article 8 Gregory, S. Tan, D. Tilrico, M. Edwardson, N. & Gamm, L. (2014). Bedside shift reports: What does the evidence say? The Journal of nursing administration, 44(10),541-545. DOI: 10.1097 /NNA.0000000 000000115. Retrieved from: http://www.rese archgate.net/pub lication/265516 718_Bedside_S hift_Reports_W hat_DoestheEvi denceSay Bradley, S., & Mott, S. (2014). Adopting a patient-centered approach: an investigation into the introduction of bedside handover to three rural hospitals. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 23(13/14), 1927-1936 10p. doi:10.1111/joc n.12403 Tobiano, G., Whitty, J.A., Bucknall, T., & Chaboyer, W. (2017). Nurses’ perceived barriers to bedside handover and their implication for clinical practice. Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing, 14(5). https://doi.org/1 0.1111/wvn.122 41 Scheidenhelm, S., & Reitz, O.E. (2017). Hardwiring bedside shift report. The Journal of Nursing Administration, 47(3), 147-153. Available at: https://doi.org/1 0.1097/NNA.00 0000000000045 7 © 2017. Grand Canyon University. All Rights Reserved. Article Title and Year Published Research Questions (Qualitative)/Hypothesis (Quantitative), and Purposes/Aim of Study Design (Type of Quantitative, or Type of Qualitative) Setting/Sample Methods: Intervention/Instruments Analysis Key Findings Recommendations Explanation of How the Article Supports EBP/Capstone © 2017. Grand Canyon University. All Rights Reserved.
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Develop a 1-page study sheet that includes the following:

Develop a 1-page study sheet that includes the following:

In this Discussion, you examine different types of statistics and statistical tests, when and why these particular tests would be selected for use, and, most importantly, what the results indicate

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Chapter 19, “Processes of Quantitative Data Analysis”
The previous chapters have described several different statistical tests used to examine data in a quantitative study; this chapter focuses on how to analyze and interpret the results. It describes the steps in the analysis process and how to determine the credibility of the results.

Develop a 1-page study sheet that includes the following:

The key concepts of the chapter: Focus on the basic concepts that are important for nurses to understand as they review research studies.

A description of the statistical methods covered in the chapter, what they measure, and under what circumstances they are used. Identify examples of how the statistical methods have been used in research studies.

An explanation of the key statistical tests and how they measure significance (if applicable).

Preventing errors in medication administration

Preventing errors in medication administration

Written assignment: Report – Preventing errors in medication administration

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Write a 2 page report addressing the following:
Utilize the EMR to capture trends in patient lab results and correlate those findings with the patient’s current treatment plan. Be specific and provide examples.
Analyze how Electronic Medication Administration Systems can help to prevent human errors in medication administration.
APA format (6th ed.), maximum of 2 pages, proper grammar, and references.APA Similarity Index (Turnitin) must be below 15%
Submit to Brightspace on a designated due date/time (see course schedule).
Follow the grading rubric requirements.
I want to use a patient who has a high Troponin level lab result.

Respond 1 (Brooke Perrizo)

Respond 1 (Brooke Perrizo)

Please respond to the following post with a paragraph. Thank You!!!

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There are nursing organizations that support the nursing field and advocate for nursing practice. One such organization is the American Nurses Association (ANA). The ANA is involved with developing health policy and law. It reviews the Federal Register (a daily report which shows proposed changes to policies or regulations) regularly and takes into account public comments when making recommendations to improve or alter policies in any way when it comes to nursing (Helbig, 2018). The 15 agencies that can make changes to the policies look at what the ANA has recommended when making their decisions.

Helbig (2018) also mentions that the ANA advocates for nurses on all government levels through different programs. One such program is the ANA’s State Government Affairs Program in which it follows bills introduced to state legislatures on a monthly basis. Nursing scope of practice and other workplace issues are addressed in this program. The ANA looks at the information provided in these programs and shares it.

We are in desperate need of organizations like the ANA because we need a voice to represent us and stand up for us. As nurses, we advocate for our patients and stand up for them to do what’s right. The ANA is an advocate for nurses in the same way. They are our voice and raise awareness to the problems that we face as nurses.

Resources

Helbig, J. (2018). Dynamics in Nursing: Art and Science of Professional Practice. Advancing Professional

Standards. Retrieved from https://lc.gcumedia.com/nrs430v/dynamics-in-nursing-art-and-

science-of-professional-practice/v1.1/#/chapter/5

Respond 2 (Thereza Ortiz)

Respond 2 (Thereza Ortiz)

Please respond to the following post with a paragraph. Thank You!!!

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It is vital to have support and leadership from the various professional nursing organizations. They advocate for nursing practice in several ways. In one specific way, a secondary group of the American Nurses Association called the American Nurses Credentialing Center, have developed credentialing programs for nurses who are specialized in an area. “The mission of the ANCC, is to promote excellence in nursing and health care globally through credentialing programs”, (About ANCC – The American Nurses Credentialing Center | ANA Enterprise, n.d.). By having the certification, portrays to the community, peers and employers the knowledge and dedication a RN has for her profession.

“The ANCC sets the standards for Magnet Recognition and recognizes hospitals that meet those standards” (Helbig, 2018). To be magnet recognized, an organization must be incorporating nursing research during the nursing process. Helbig (2018) writes, through evidence based-practice, patient outcomes will continue to improve, and nurses will continue to look for and find new methods to provide safe quality care.

References

About ANCC – The American Nurses Credentialing Center | ANA Enterprise. (n.d.). Retrieved October 22, 2018, from https://www.nursingworld.org/ancc/about-ancc/

Helbig, J. (2018). Dynamics in Nursing: Art and Science of Professional Practice. Advancing Professional Standards. Retrieved from https://lc.gcumedia.com/nrs430v/dynamics-in-nursing-art-and-science-of-professional-practice/v1.1/#/chapter/5

Peer Relations

Peer Relations

Assessment Instructions

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Peer relations are increasingly important in the context of development during middle childhood. Bullying is a serious issue for individuals, schools, and communities and can affect development in the physical, cognitive, social, and emotional domains of child development.

For this assessment, review the resources about peer relationships and bullying. Additionally, research the topic further, drawing on the Capella University Library and other resources, to learn more about the impact of bullying. Then, develop a 4–5-page research paper about how bullying affects the development of children. Include the following in your paper:

Describe two of the different roles children play in bullying, choosing from the list below:
Kids who bully.
Kids who are bullied.
Kids who assist.
Kids who reinforce.
Outsiders.
Kids who defend.
Apply at least one psychological theory that helps explain the issue of bullying.
Explain how peer relations and peer acceptance are related to bullying behavior in schools. Support your writing with scholarly articles about peer relations and bullying from the Capella library.
Describe at least two proactive strategies that families, schools, and communities can adopt that address the bullying problem. In your discussion, describe how at least one of the following domains of development is affected:
Physical.
Cognitive.
Social.
Emotional.
Conclude by reflecting on your own experiences or the experiences of others who were bullied during the school years and how the application of proactive strategies could have helped alleviate the bullying problem.
Be sure to cite your sources throughout your paper and to include a complete reference list.

You are urged to use Capella University’s Writing Center to help you develop clear and effective writing. Through the Writing Center, you will be able to receive feedback on your writing, use writing resources, discover new writing strategies, and explore different ways to draft, revise, edit, and proofread your own work.

If you wish, you may use the APA Paper Template, linked in the Resources, to complete your assessment.

Additional Requirements

Written communication: Ensure that your writing is free of errors that detract from the overall message.
APA formatting: Format your paper according to APA style.
Length: Write 4–5 typed and double-spaced pages.
Font and font size: Times New Roman, 12 point.
SUGGESTED RESOURCES
The resources provided here are optional and support the assessment. They provide helpful information about the topics. You may use other resources of your choice to prepare for this assessment; however, you will need to ensure that they are appropriate, credible, and valid. The PSYC-FP2700 – Child Development Library Guide can help direct your research. The Supplemental Resources and Research Resources, both linked from the left navigation menu in your courseroom, provide additional resources to help support you.

Child Development and Bullying
These resources describe the roles of children in bullying and apply theory to explain bullying.

Berk, L. E., & Meyers, A. B. (2016). Infants and children: Prenatal through middle childhood (8th ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson. Available from the bookstore.
Chapter 13, “Emotional and Social Development in Middle Childhood,” pages 472–515.
This chapter discusses development in older children, including the importance of peer groups.
Ferráns, S. D., & Selman, R. L. (2014). How students’ perceptions of the school climate influence their choice to upstand, bystand, or join perpetrators of bullying. Harvard Educational Review, 84(2), 162–187, 278.
Bartlett, C. P., Prot, S., Anderson, C. & Gentile, D. A. (2017). An empirical examination of the strength differential hypothesis in cyberbullying behavior. Psychology of Violence, 7(1), 22–32.
Proactive Strategies to Address Bullying
McCormac, M. E. (2015). Preventing and responding to bullying: An elementary school’s 4-year journey. Professional School Counseling, 18(1), 1–14.
Anti-Bullying Network. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.antibullying.net/
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (n.d.). Stopbullying.gov. Retrieved from http://www.stopbullying.gov/
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